estimate
Word family
Longman Dictionary of Contemporary English 5++LDOCE 5++es·ti·mate1 /ˈestəmət/ ●●○ W2 AWL noun [countable] 1 CAREFULa calculation of the value, size, amount etc of something made using the information that you have, which may not be complete 估计，估算 We just need an estimate of the number of people who will come. 我们只需估算一下有多少人会来。2 COUNT/CALCULATEa statement of how much it will probably cost to build or repair something 〔对建造或修理费用的〕估价，报价estimate for The garage said they’d send me an estimate for the work. 汽车修理厂说他们会给我寄来维修报价。 COLLOCATIONS – Meanings 1 & 2verbsmake an estimate 作估计Insurers have to make an estimate of the risk involved. 保险公司须评估所涉及的 风险。give an estimate 作估算The builder gave me an estimate of £10,000. 承建人给我作的估价是10,000英镑。provide (somebody with) an estimate (向某人)提供估价Could you ask him if he can provide us with an estimate? 请你问问他能否给我们一个估价？put an estimate on something (=say the amount that you think something is) 估计某事物的数量[价值]It is impossible to put an estimate on the value of the manuscript. 这部手稿的价值无法估量。an estimate puts something at something 估计某事物的数目为Independent estimates put the number of refugees at 50,000. 据独立估计，难民人数为50,000。base an estimate on something (=use something as information to give an estimate) 依据某事物作出估计nThe government based its estimate on data from the 2008 census.adjectivesa rough/approximate estimate (=not exact) 粗略/大致估计Can you give me a rough estimate of how much the repairs will cost? 你能不能替我粗略估算一下修理费用？an accurate/reliable estimate (=fairly exact) 准确/可靠估计It’s hard to put an accurate estimate on the number of people affected. 很难准确估计受影响人数。a conservative estimate (=deliberately low) 保守估计By conservative estimates, 2.5 million people die each year from smoking cigarettes. 据保守估计，每年有250万人死于吸烟。an official estimate (=accepted by people in authority) 官方估计According to official army estimates, more than 500 rebels had been killed. 据军方估计，有五百多名叛乱分子丧命。current/recent estimates (=ones that are accepted now) 目前的/最近的估计nAccording to current estimates, the country can expect 200,000 visitors in the next three years.the latest estimates (=the most recent ones) 最新的估计nThe latest estimates are that sea levels could rise by about 20 cm by 2050.earlier/previous estimates 早先的/先前的估计nThese amounts are much higher than those given in previous estimates.the original estimate (=the one given at the beginning of a process) 最初的估计nThe final cost was nearly three times the original estimate.phrasesaccording to an estimate 据估计According to some estimates, an acre of forest is cleared every minute. 据估计，每分钟有一英亩森林消失。estimates range/vary from ... to ... 估计数目在…至…范围内Estimates of the number of homeless people in the city range from 6,000 to 10,000. 该市无家可归者的人数估计在6,000至10,000之间。Examples from the Corpus
estimate• I'm allowing $300, but that's only an estimate.• This leads immediately to an estimate of about 360,000 heavily employed trainers needed in addition to school, college and tertiary education staff.• I've asked the builders to give us an estimate for fixing the roof.• Q: Could you give us an estimate as to how many people were in the ditch?• December sales will put earnings for the fourth quarter and all of fiscal 1996 below Wall Street analysts' estimates.• The paintings have been valued at $3.5 million, which is probably a conservative estimate.• We're predicting a 10% rise in oil prices -- and that's a conservative estimate.• According to a government estimate, the number of refugees is at least 18 million.• A number of estimates have been made of the effects of regional policy in terms of new jobs created directly and indirectly.• Lovech was open from 1959 until April 1962 and interned 12,035, people according to official estimates.• The final cost was £2000 higher than the original estimate.• At a rough estimate, staff are recycling less than a quarter of the paper we buy.• These are the figures, but they're only a rough estimate.• This proposal represents a rough estimate of the cost of materials and labor.• Officials said Huntcor's estimate of building costs was about $3 million more than expected.• According to some estimates, almost two thirds of the city has been destroyed by the earthquake.• But outside observers have been sharply scaling back their estimates.• This was done by giving subjects a maximum number of accidents which their estimates could not exceed.• We got two or three estimates on the car.• With estimates as high as $ 200 billion, this is a very important question.es·ti·mate2 /ˈestɪmeɪt/ ●●○ S3 W2 AWL verb [transitive] GUESSto try to judge the value, size, speed, cost etc of something, without calculating it exactly 估计，估算be estimated to be/have/cost etc The tree is estimated to be at least 700 years old. 这棵树估计至少有700年树龄。estimate something at something Organizers estimated the crowd at 50,000. 组织者估计聚集人数有50,000。estimate that Scientists estimate that smoking reduces life expectancy by around 12 years on average. 科学家估计吸烟平均缩短寿命约12年。estimate how many/what etc It is not easy to estimate how many people have the disease. 很难估计有多少人患有这种病。 RegisterIn everyday English, people often say put something at an amount rather than estimate something at: 在日常英语中，人们常说 put sth at an amount，而不说 estimate sth atThe damage was put at thousands of dollars. 损失估计有数千美元 。n GrammarIn more formal English, you say it is estimated that something is true: It is estimated that the statue weighs 60 tons. —estimated adjective heroin with an estimated street value of £50,000 黑市价值估计为50,000英镑的海洛因 —estimator noun [countable]→ See Verb tableExamples from the Corpus
estimate• Up to 60,000 temporary jobs are expected to pump an estimated $ 2 billion in wages into the local economy.• The real amount at risk is perhaps only 1 percent to 1. 5 percent of the notional figure, bankers estimate.• His personal fortune is estimated at £150 million.• Can you estimate how much fabric you will need for the curtains?• Our staff will help you estimate how much fabric you will require.• The committee did not estimate how much such a program would cost.• Analysts estimate sales could reach $ 300 million a year once regulatory hurdles are cleared and full marketing gets under way.• Lambert said the state has estimated that 75,000 Texas families are educating their children at home.• He estimates that between 35- 41 percent of all useful land is affected by erosion.• Police estimate that over 10,000 people took part in the demonstration.• The police department estimates that the number of violent crimes will increase this year by about 15%.• Analysts estimate the business earned about $135 million last year.• The mechanic estimated the cost of repairs at $350.• At moderate speeds, Wade estimated, the topped-off tanks gave him a two-hundred-mile cruising range.• Industry sources estimate the value of the ranch at $7 million.• Ultimately biliary cirrhosis results and the median survival has been estimated to be 12 years.• At that point, the public sector deficit was estimated to be around £45 billion.• As much as £750,000 extra in investment from Manchester and other northern councils was estimated to be available if the paper moved.be estimated to be/have/cost etc• Microsoft is estimated to be targeting the 50 million or so potential users of the Windows operating system.• School attendance for the age group seven to eleven years is estimated to be 40 percent.• The cost per day of medical, nursing, and hotel services on a ward was estimated to be £128.• The income from farming in Northern Ireland in 1992 is estimated to have amounted to £224.2m.• In 1987,2.2 million people over pension age are estimated to have had incomes below the level of Income Support.• Shining Path, which once was estimated to have more than 5,000 armed guerrillas, also is diminished.• This year, another 135,950 Californians are estimated to be diagnosed as having the disease.From Longman Business Dictionaryestimatees‧ti‧mate1 /ˈestəmət/ noun [countable]1a calculation of what the value, size, amount etc of something will probably beThey were able to give us a rough estimate (=a not very exact one) of the cost.Even the most conservative estimates (=deliberately low) suggest we need to build one million new homes.2a statement of how much it will probably cost to build or repair somethingSYN QUOTATION, QUOTEGet several estimates before starting any building work.Nuclear power stations are notoriously unreliable and construction costs go way over original estimates.estimatees‧ti‧mate2 /ˈestɪmeɪt/ verb [intransitive, transitive] to calculate what you think the value, size, amount etc of something is or will probably beOfficials estimate that supply has exceeded demand by £7.5 billion since the beginning of 2005.The value of the deal is estimated at £12 million.→ See Verb tableOrigin estimate2 (1500-1600) Latin past participle of aestimare “to think important”es·ti·mate1 noun →COLLOCATIONS1es·ti·mate2 verb →n GRAMMAR1 →REGISTER1LDOCE OnlineChineseSyllable
amount Corpus a value, the something of Business of size, calculation etc
estimate
es‧ti‧mate1 S3 W2 AC /ˈestəmət, ˈestɪmət/ 
noun [countable]
We just need an estimate of the number of people who will come.
2. a statement of how much it will probably cost to build or repair something
estimate for
The garage said they’d send me an estimate for the work.
■ verbs
▪make an estimate Insurers have to make an estimate of the risk involved.
▪give an estimate The builder gave me an estimate of £10,000.
▪provide (somebody with) an estimate Could you ask him if he can provide us with an estimate?
▪put an estimate on something (=say the amount that you think something is) It is impossible to put an estimate on the value of the manuscript.
▪an estimate puts something at something Independent estimates put the number of refugees at 50,000.
▪base an estimate on something (=use something as information to give an estimate) The government based its estimate on data from the 2008 census.
■ adjectives
▪a rough/approximate estimate (=not exact) Can you give me a rough estimate of how much the repairs will cost?
▪an accurate/reliable estimate (=fairly exact) It’s hard to put an accurate estimate on the number of people affected.
▪a conservative estimate (=deliberately low) By conservative estimates, 2.5 million people die each year from smoking cigarettes.
▪an official estimate (=accepted by people in authority) According to official army estimates, more than 500 rebels had been killed.
▪current/recent estimates (=ones that are accepted now) According to current estimates, the country can expect 200,000 visitors in the next three years.
▪the latest estimates (=the most recent ones) The latest estimates are that sea levels could rise by about 20 cm by 2050.
▪earlier/previous estimates These amounts are much higher than those given in previous estimates.
▪the original estimate (=the one given at the beginning of a process) The final cost was nearly three times the original estimate.
■ phrases
▪according to an estimate According to some estimates, an acre of forest is cleared every minute.
▪estimates range/vary from ... to ... Estimates of the number of homeless people in the city range from 6,000 to 10,000.
es‧ti‧mate2 S3 W2 AC /ˈestəmeɪt, ˈestɪmeɪt/ verb [transitive]
to try to judge the value, size, speed, cost etc of something, without calculating it exactly
be estimated to be/have/cost etc
The tree is estimated to be at least 700 years old.
estimate something at something
Organizers estimated the crowd at 50,000.
estimate that
Scientists estimate that smoking reduces life expectancy by around 12 years on average.
estimate how many/what etc
It is not easy to estimate how many people have the disease.
—estimated adjective:
heroin with an estimated street value of £50,000
—estimator noun [countable]
▪ calculate formal to find out an amount, price, or value by adding numbers together: The students calculated the cost of printing 5000 copies of their book.
▪work out to calculate something. Work out is less formal than calculate, and is more common in everyday English: You need to work out how much you will need to borrow.
▪figure out (also figure American English) informal to calculate an amount: We still haven't figured out how much it's all going to cost. | the method for figuring welfare payments
▪count to find out the total number of things or people in a group by looking at each one and adding them all together: The teacher counted the children as they got on the bus.
▪total (also total up ) to add a number of things together to get a final number: Once the scores have been totaled, we will announce the winner. | Okay, now let's total up who had the most points.
▪quantify formal to say how much something costs, how much of it there is, how serious or effective it is etc: I think it's difficult to quantify the cost at the moment, for a variety of reasons. | How do you quantify the benefits of the treatment? | a reliable method for quantifying the amount of calcium in the blood
▪assess formal to calculate what the value or cost of something is, or decide how good, bad etc something is: The value of the paintings was assessed at $20 million. | They are still assessing the damage. | We need to have a better way of assessing students' progress.
▪estimate to guess an amount, price, or number as exactly as you can, based on the knowledge you have: The police department estimates that the number of violent crimes will decrease by 2%.
▪put a figure on something to say what you think the exact total amount or value of something is, especially when it is a lot: It's hard to put a figure on it, but the final cost is likely to be over £225 million. | The company has refused to put a figure on its losses.
▪project to calculate what an amount will be in the future, using the information you have now: The company projects sales of $4 million this year.
REGISTER
In everyday English, people often say put something at an amount rather than estimate something at:
▪The damage was put at thousands of dollars.
| I |
noun [countable] Word Family: noun: estimate, estimation, estimator, overestimate ≠ underestimate; verb: estimate, overestimate ≠ underestimate; adjective: estimated
1. a calculation of the value, size, amount etc of something made using the information that you have, which may not be complete: 2. a statement of how much it will probably cost to build or repair something
estimate for
| COLLOCATIONS |
| (for Meanings 1 & 2) |
▪
▪
▪
▪
▪
▪
■ adjectives
▪
▪
▪
▪
▪
▪
▪
▪
■ phrases
▪
▪
| II |
verb [transitive]to try to judge the value, size, speed, cost etc of something, without calculating it exactly
be estimated to be/have/cost etc
estimate something at something
estimate that
estimate how many/what etc
—estimated adjective:
—estimator noun [countable]
| THESAURUS |
▪
▪
▪
▪
▪
▪
▪
▪
▪
REGISTER
In everyday English, people often say put something at an amount rather than estimate something at:
▪
Word Family: noun: estimate, estimation, estimator, overestimate ≠ underestimate; verb: estimate, overestimate ≠ underestimate; adjective: estimated
Date: 1500-1600
Language: Latin
Origin: past participle of aestimare 'to think important'
Language: Latin
Origin: past participle of aestimare 'to think important'
Renting 租房子
live in a rented/( rental propertyespecially
NAmE 住在租来的住所里 rent/share/move into a furnished house/( flat/BrE ( apartmentespecially
NAmE 租用／合住／搬进配有家具的房屋／公寓 rent a studio/( a studio flat/BrE ( a studio apartment/especially
NAmE ( a bedsitBrE 租一个单间公寓 find/get a housemate/( a flatmate/BrE ( a roommateNAmE 找一个室友 sign/break the lease/rental agreement/contract签署／违反租约／租赁协议／合同 extend/renew/terminate the lease/( tenancyBrE 延长租赁期限；续签／终止租约 afford/pay the rent/the bills/( the utilitiesNAmE 付得起／支付租金／账单／水电气等杂费 ( especially
BrE fall behind with/ ( especially
NAmE fall behind on the rent拖欠租金 pay/lose/return a damage deposit/( security depositNAmE 支付／失去／退还损坏押金／保证金 give/receive a month's/two-weeks' notice to leave/vacate the property提前一个月／两周发出／收到离开／腾空住房的通知
Being a landlord 做房东
have a flat/apartment/room ( to let/BrE ( for rentespecially
NAmE 有一间公寓／一个房间要出租 rent (out)/lease (out)/ ( BrE let (out)/sublet a flat/apartment/house/property出租／转租公寓／房屋／房产 collect/increase/raise the rent收取／增加／提高房租 evict the existing tenants赶走现有房客 attract/find new/prospective tenants吸引／寻找新的／可能的房客 invest in rental property/( property to let/BrE ( the buy-to-let marketBrE 投资购房用于出租
Buying 购买房子
buy/acquire/purchase a house/(a) property/( (a piece of) prime real estateespecially
NAmE 购置一栋房子／一处房产／（一块）优质房地产 call/contact/use ( an estate agent/BrE ( a Realtor™/NAmE ( a real estate agent/brokerNAmE 电话联系／联系／任用房地产经纪人 make/ ( BrE put in an offer on a house提供房子的报价 put down/save for ( a deposit on a houseBrE 支付／存钱付房屋订金 make/put/save for ( a down payment on a house/homeespecially
NAmE 支付／攒钱支付买房的首付金 apply for/arrange/take out a mortgage/home loan申请／商定／取得按揭／住房贷款 (struggle to) pay the mortgage（竭力）支付按揭贷款 make/meet/keep up/cover the monthly mortgage payments/( repaymentsBrE also
支付每月的按揭贷款 ( BrE repossess/ ( especially
NAmE foreclose on sb's home/house收回某人的房子；终止某人的房屋赎回权
Selling 出售房子
put your house/property on the market/up for sale/up for auction将房屋／房产投放市场／出售／拍卖 increase/lower your price/the asking price提高／降低价格／要价 have/hold/hand over the deed/( deeds of/to the house, land, etc.especially
BrE 持有／移交房屋、土地等契约