artificial
Longman Dictionary of Contemporary English 5++LDOCE 5++ar·ti·fi·cial /ˌɑːtɪˈfɪʃəl◂ $ ˌɑːr-/ ●●● S3 adjective [usually before noun] 1 ARTIFICIALnot real or not made of natural things but made to be like something that is real or natural 人造的，人工的 SYN false OPP natural artificial flowers 假花 artificial light 人造光 artificial fertilizers 化肥2 an artificial situation or quality exists because someone has made it exist, and not because it is really necessary 人为的 artificial distinctions 人为差别 artificial barriers of gender and race 性别和种族的人为障碍3 PRETENDartificial behaviour is not sincere – used to show disapproval 〔行为〕虚假的，不真挚的，矫揉造作的〔含贬义〕 OPP genuine an artificial smile 假笑 —artificially adverb Food prices are being kept artificially low. 食品价格正被人为地控制在低水平。 —artificiality /ˌɑːtəfɪʃiˈæləti $ ˌɑːr-/ noun [uncountable]n COLLOCATIONSnounsartificial light/lightingEnergy is being wasted by using artificial lighting when daylight is adequate.artificial sweeteners (=used to make food or drink taste sweeter)Diet drinks contain artificial sweeteners like saccharin.artificial colours (=used in food)I try to buy food that is free from artificial colours.artificial flavoursIce cream often has artificial flavours in it.artificial additives (=used to give food more colour or taste)Artificial additives such as colourings, sweeteners and flavour enhancers aren’t permitted in baby foods.artificial preservatives (=used to preserve food)This jam has no artificial preservatives.artificial flowersa vase of stiff-looking artificial flowersan artificial environmentAnimals hate being confined in an artificial environment.artificial grassartificial grass tennis courtsartificial snowSome ski resorts use huge amounts of artificial snow.an artificial pitch British EnglishThe club is building a new artificial training pitch at its sports ground. THESAURUSartificial not real or natural, but made to look or work like something real or natural 人造的；人工的〔尤指模拟自然的〕artificial flowers 假花He was given an artificial heart. 他被植入了人造心脏。synthetic made using chemical processes rather than by natural processes 合成的synthetic fabrics 合成纤维a synthetic version of the drug 合成药物man-made made by people – used especially about geographical features and materials 〔尤指地貌或材料〕人造的，人工的a man-made lake 人工湖man-made fibres 人造纤维fake made to look or seem like something else, especially in order to deceive people 伪造的，冒充的a fake passport 假护照fake fur 人造毛皮imitation made to look like something, but not real – used especially about guns, jewellery, and leather 〔尤指枪支、珠宝和皮革〕人造的，仿制的imitation firearms 仿真枪imitation pearls 人造珍珠false artificial – used especially about teeth, eyelashes, and beards 〔尤指牙齿、睫毛和胡须〕人造的，人工的a set of false teeth 一副假牙simulated not real, but made to look, sound, or feel real, especially by means of special computers or machines 〔尤指由计算机或机械〕模仿的，模拟的a simulated space flight 模拟航天飞行virtual made, done, seen etc on a computer, rather than in the real world 〔在计算机上〕虚拟的，非现实的a virtual tour of the garden 虚拟花园游览
Examples from the Corpus
artificial• On the surface she seems quite a pleasant woman, but there's something very artificial about her.• High import taxes give their goods an artificial advantage in the market.• Carter was saying all the right things, but his smile was artificial, and I knew I couldn't trust him.• The natural and artificial characterizing ingredients must be named on the labels.• artificial Christmas trees• In front of the grate was a tall electric fire with artificial coals, a high curved back and a triple set of burners.• The juice contains no artificial coloring or flavors.• Our ice cream contains no artificial colors or flavors.• Paradoxically the ecological problems deriving from the application of artificial fertilizers are often equally complex and extensive.• On the table was a vase filled with artificial flowers.• Through binoculars I had noted the breakwaters of what appeared to be a small artificial harbour just a mile along the coast.• Constraint-based programming is an artificial intelligence technique which finds the optimum way to allocate means and resources.• Glen wears an artificial leg.• It took Frank a while to learn to walk with the artificial leg.• The plants can grow just as well in artificial light.• We have one of those electric heaters with artificial logs.• A wreath of artificial poppies has been held down by a brick.• I usually use artificial sweetener in my coffee instead of sugar.• artificial sweeteners for coffee• An example, perhaps slightly artificial, would be found in a family photograph.Origin artificial (1300-1400) Old French artificiel, from Latin artificialis, from artificium; → ARTIFICEar·ti·fi·cial adjective →n COLLOCATIONS1 →THESAURUS1LDOCE OnlineChineseSyllable
Corpus or real not of not natural made
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artificial
ar‧ti‧fi‧cial S3 /ˌɑːtəˈfɪʃəl◂, ˌɑːtɪˈfɪʃəl◂ $ ˌɑːr-/
adjective [usually before noun]
SYN false
OPP natural:
artificial flowers
artificial light
artificial fertilizers
2. an artificial situation or quality exists because someone has made it exist, and not because it is really necessary:
artificial distinctions
artificial barriers of gender and race
3. artificial behaviour is not sincere – used to show disapproval
OPP genuine:
an artificial smile
—artificially adverb:
Food prices are being kept artificially low.
—artificiality /ˌɑːtəfɪʃiˈæləti, ˌɑːtɪfɪʃiˈæləti $ ˌɑːr-/ noun [uncountable]
■ nouns
▪artificial light/lighting Energy is being wasted by using artificial lighting when daylight is adequate.
▪artificial sweeteners (=used to make food or drink taste sweeter) Diet drinks contain artificial sweeteners like saccharin.
▪artificial colours (=used in food) I try to buy food that is free from artificial colours.
▪artificial flavours Ice cream often has artificial flavours in it.
▪artificial additives (=used to give food more colour or taste) Artificial additives such as colourings, sweeteners and flavour enhancers aren’t permitted in baby foods.
▪artificial preservatives (=used to preserve food) This jam has no artificial preservatives.
▪artificial flowers a vase of stiff-looking artificial flowers
▪an artificial environment Animals hate being confined in an artificial environment.
▪artificial grass artificial grass tennis courts
▪artificial snow Some ski resorts use huge amounts of artificial snow.
▪an artificial pitch British English The club is building a new artificial training pitch at its sports ground.
▪ artificial not real or natural, but made to look or work like something real or natural: artificial flowers | He was given an artificial heart.
▪synthetic made using chemical processes rather than by natural processes: synthetic fabrics | a synthetic version of the drug
▪man-made made by people – used especially about geographical features and materials: a man-made lake | man-made fibres
▪fake made to look or seem like something else, especially in order to deceive people: a fake passport | fake fur
▪imitation made to look like something, but not real – used especially about guns, jewellery, and leather: imitation firearms | imitation pearls
▪false artificial – used especially about teeth, eyelashes, and beards: a set of false teeth
▪simulated not real, but made to look, sound, or feel real, especially by means of special computers or machines: a simulated space flight
▪virtual made, done, seen etc on a computer, rather than in the real world: a virtual tour of the garden
ar‧ti‧fi‧cial S3 /ˌɑːtəˈfɪʃəl◂, ˌɑːtɪˈfɪʃəl◂ $ ˌɑːr-/
adjective [usually before noun] Date: 1300-1400
Language: Old French
Origin: artificiel, from Latin artificialis, from artificium; ⇨ artifice
1. not real or not made of natural things but made to be like something that is real or natural Language: Old French
Origin: artificiel, from Latin artificialis, from artificium; ⇨ artifice
SYN false
OPP natural:
2. an artificial situation or quality exists because someone has made it exist, and not because it is really necessary:
3. artificial behaviour is not sincere – used to show disapproval
OPP genuine:
—artificially adverb:
—artificiality /ˌɑːtəfɪʃiˈæləti, ˌɑːtɪfɪʃiˈæləti $ ˌɑːr-/ noun [uncountable]
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artificial made or produced to copy sth natural; not real 指人工的、人造的、假的 ：◆ artificial flowers 假花 ◆ artificial light 人造光 synthetic made by combining chemical substances rather than being produced naturally by plants or animals 指人工合成的 ：◆ synthetic drugs 合成药物 ◆ shoes with synthetic soles 合成鞋底的鞋 false not natural 指非天然的、非天生的、假的 ：◆ false teeth 假牙 ◆ a false beard 假胡子 man-made made by people; not natural 指人造的、非天然的 ：◆ man-made fibres such as nylon 尼龙之类的人造纤维 fake made to look like sth else; not real 指伪造的、冒充的、假的 ：◆ a fake-fur jacket 一件人造毛皮的短上衣 imitation [ 指仿制的、人造的、假的 ：◆ She would never wear imitation pearls. 她绝不会戴假珍珠。
Patterns
artificial/synthetic/man-made fabrics/fibres/materials/products artificial/synthetic/fake/imitation fur/leather artificial/synthetic/false/fake/imitation diamonds/pearls