battle
Longman Dictionary of Contemporary English 5++LDOCE 5++bat·tle1 /ˈbætl/ ●●● W2 noun [countable] 1 PMfight 打仗 a fight between opposing armies, groups of ships, groups of people etc, especially one that is part of a larger war 〔尤指大型战争中的〕战斗，战役 the Battle of Trafalgar 特拉法尔加战役in battle Her son was killed in battle. 她儿子在战斗中阵亡。into battle a knight riding into battle 策马上战场的一名骑士battle between battles between government forces and the rebels 政府军和叛军之间的战斗 a pitched battle (=a long and serious battle) between police and drug gangs 警方和贩毒团伙之间的一场激战► see thesaurus at war2 competition/argument 竞争/争论COMPETE WITH/TRY TO BEAT a situation in which opposing groups or people compete or argue with each other when trying to achieve success or control 较量，竞争，斗争；争论 a long-running legal battle 一场旷日持久的法律争讼battle for a battle for custody of their children 子女监护权之争battle between a fierce ratings battle between rival TV stations 相互竞争的电视台之间一场激烈的收视率大战battle with an ongoing battle with my mother about eating properly 我和母亲有关合理饮食的持续争论3 change bad situation 改变境遇FIGHT FOR OR AGAINST something an attempt to solve a difficult problem or change an unpleasant situation 奋斗，抗争battle against a battle against the racism of the school system 一场反对学校种族歧视的斗争battle with a long battle with lung cancer 与肺癌的长期抗争battle for Scientology has fought long battles for acceptance as a religion. 科学论派为使人们承认它是一种宗教而进行了长期的斗争。4 be half the battle DIFFICULTto be a difficult or important part of what you have to do 是（完成某事）的关键（最艰难阶段） Just getting an interview is half the battle. 只要得到面试机会就等于成功了一半。5 a battle of wits INTELLIGENTa situation in which opposing sides try to win by using their intelligence 智慧的较量，斗智 A good mystery story is a battle of wits between author and reader. 好的悬疑故事是作者和读者之间智慧的较量。6 battle of wills a situation in which opposing sides refuse to change what they want, in the hope that the other side will decide to change first 意志的较量 a battle of wills between teacher and student 师生之间意志的较量7 do battle (with somebody) FIGHT FOR OR AGAINST somethingto argue with someone or fight against someone （与某人）争论[斗争] She walked into the room with her eyes blazing, ready to do battle. 她眼里燃着怒火走进房间，一副随时准备吵架的样子。8 fight your own battles to argue with someone, or compete in a difficult situation, without having help from other people – used to show approval 独力应付挑战〔含褒义〕 It’s all right, Mum. I can fight my own battles. 没关系，妈妈，我自己能应付。9. the battle of the sexes RELATIONSHIPthe relationship between men and women when it is considered as a fight for power 两性的较量〔指争夺权力〕10. the battle of the bulge the act of trying to lose weight – used humorously 反肥战，减肥之战〔幽默用法〕 COLLOCATIONS – Meaning 3: an attempt to solve a difficult problem or change an unpleasant situation 奋斗，抗争verbsfight a battle (also wage a battle formal) 斗争，作战The police are fighting a tough battle against crime. 警方正在和犯罪活动进行艰苦的斗争。nMany areas around here are waging a constant battle against vandalism.win a battle 打赢一场仗It’s essential to win the battle against inflation. 必须打胜抑制通货膨胀这场战斗。lose a battle 输掉一场仗a brave little girl who lost her battle against cancer 没能战胜癌症的勇敢小女孩nface a battlePaul faces a frantic battle to be fit for the match in November.adjectivesa long/lengthy battle 旷日持久的斗争his long battle with alcoholism 他与酗酒所作的长期斗争an uphill battle (=one that is very difficult) 艰苦的斗争For most people losing weight is an uphill battle. 对大多数人而言，减肥是一场艰苦的斗争。a tough/hard battle 艰难的斗争He faces a tough battle to prove his innocence. 他为证明自己清白而面临一场艰难的斗争。a constant battle 持续的战斗As a student, life was a constant battle against debt. 学生时期的生活就是不停地应付债务。a losing battle (=one that is going to fail) 无成功希望的斗争She was fighting a losing battle to stop herself from crying. 她极力忍住不哭却只是徒劳。
Examples from the Corpus
battle• Growing in the most sinister manner, it is embedded in a battle scene taking place across the River Nile.• This was like a general who had lost a battle or some important territory being disciplined or shot.• a battle between rival gangs• It has implied that where ideological commitments are involved a distinction may be made between relatively easy gestures and hard administrative battles.• So the Task Force sped on toward its goal, every ship now tense and ready for battle.• Jellicoe and his battle fleet were still well to the north.• King Olaf died in battle, in 1030.• Lyndon Johnson first sent U.S. combat troops into battle in March 1965.• Now just kick the tyres, light the fires and leap off unarmed into battle.• a long and costly legal battle• Panting and snorting like a mad battle steed that has lost its rider, the masterless ocean overruns the globe.• a naval battle in the North Sea• About 200 students fought pitched battles with police during the demonstrations.• He was killed in a street battle in 1998.• She loved the chase and the battle and her freedom.• The French lost the Battle of Agincourt in 1415.• The President is fully committed to the battle against the drug traffickers.• They now have a good chance of winning the battle against violence and drugs in the community.• the Battle of the Somme• The battle against racial discrimination is not over.• the Battle of Bunker Hillin battle• Sargent Merriman was killed in battle in 1943.legal battle• Raines retained Abner Burnett of Midland, and the two squared off for a legal battle.• The agreement effectively ends a bitter legal battle in two states between Mrs Harriman and the heirs.• The developer, in turn, sued the city and Pilachowski, setting off a lengthy legal battle.• However, after a prolonged legal battle, Fleiss said she is ready to end her standoff with state authorities.• The legal battle has not ended.• The ruling came at the end of a five-year legal battle between a divorced couple that cost £840,000.• It's the latest stage in a nine-year legal battle over alleged building defects.battle against• the battle against drug and alcohol abusebattle2 ●○○ verb 1 [intransitive, transitive]FIGHT FOR OR AGAINST something to try very hard to achieve something that is difficult or dangerous （与…）斗争，（与…）搏斗2 battle it out COMPETE WITH/TRY TO BEATto keep fighting or opposing each other until one person or team wins 决一胜负3. [intransitive] literaryPMFIGHT to take part in a fight or war 参战，作战→ See Verb tableExamples from the Corpus
battle• Lindsey found herself battling against an almost overwhelming and totally illogical desire to run her fingers through its neatness.• Detectives are convinced 30-year-old Elizabeth battled bravely for her life and tried to escape by fleeing in her boyfriend's four-wheel-drive truck.• Starring newcomer Johnny Depp, it was about four young cops who battled high school crime.• Fighting between the Mujahideen has taken as much effort as battling the demoralised government forces.• Now Haley is also battling the flu.battle against/with• In this play, the king and his army do battle with a larger force representing ambitious elements in the church.• You control our heroine Jill as she battles with different creatures in her search for weapons, gems and health giving food.• Minorities must still battle against discrimination.• Independence and transcending childhood require personality development, not becoming better at a particular task, or doing battle with external difficulties.• If he had drunk from it, the wounds received in his last dreadful battle against his nephew Mordred would have healed.• After a long battle with the local council, she was finally taken to court and fined £800.• The City bought the property under eminent domain proceedings after a protracted battle with the owner.• The Mullahs nest great battle with the Shah came over his White Revolution in the early 1960's.• The police did not only employ the law of criminal procedure in their tactical battle against the striking miners.Origin battle1 (1200-1300) Old French bataille, from Late Latin battalia “fighting”, from Latin battuere “to hit”bat·tle1 noun →COLLOCATIONS1battle2 verbLDOCE OnlineChineseSyllable
ships, Corpus opposing of groups fight armies, a between
battle
bat‧tle1 W2 /ˈbætl/ 
noun [countable]
the Battle of Trafalgar
in battle
Her son was killed in battle.
into battle
a knight riding into battle
battle between
battles between government forces and the rebels
a pitched battle (=a long and serious battle) between police and drug gangs
2. COMPETITION/ARGUMENT a situation in which opposing groups or people compete or argue with each other when trying to achieve success or control:
a long-running legal battle
battle for
a battle for custody of their children
battle between
a fierce ratings battle between rival TV stations
battle with
an ongoing battle with my mother about eating properly
3. CHANGE BAD SITUATION an attempt to solve a difficult problem or change an unpleasant situation
battle against
a battle against the racism of the school system
battle with
a long battle with lung cancer
battle for
Scientology has fought long battles for acceptance as a religion.
4. be half the battle to be a difficult or important part of what you have to do:
Just getting an interview is half the battle.
5. a battle of wits a situation in which opposing sides try to win by using their intelligence:
A good mystery story is a battle of wits between author and reader.
6. battle of wills a situation in which opposing sides refuse to change what they want, in the hope that the other side will decide to change first:
a battle of wills between teacher and student
7. do battle (with somebody) to argue with someone or fight against someone:
She walked into the room with her eyes blazing, ready to do battle.
8. fight your own battles to argue with someone, or compete in a difficult situation, without having help from other people – used to show approval:
It’s all right, Mum. I can fight my own battles.
9. the battle of the sexes the relationship between men and women when it is considered as a fight for power
10. the battle of the bulge the act of trying to lose weight – used humorously
■ verbs
▪fight a battle (also wage a battle formal) The police are fighting a tough battle against crime. | Many areas around here are waging a constant battle against vandalism.
▪win a battle It’s essential to win the battle against inflation.
▪lose a battle a brave little girl who lost her battle against cancer
▪face a battle Paul faces a frantic battle to be fit for the match in November.
■ adjectives
▪a long/lengthy battle his long battle with alcoholism
▪an uphill battle (=one that is very difficult) For most people losing weight is an uphill battle.
▪a tough/hard battle He faces a tough battle to prove his innocence.
▪a constant battle As a student, life was a constant battle against debt.
▪a losing battle (=one that is going to fail) She was fighting a losing battle to stop herself from crying.
battle2 verb
1. [intransitive and transitive] to try very hard to achieve something that is difficult or dangerous:
Firefighters battled the flames.
battle against/with
She had battled against cancer.
battle for
a pressure group battling for better schools
battle to do something
Doctors battled to save his life.
2. battle it out to keep fighting or opposing each other until one person or team wins:
Sixteen teams will battle it out.
3. [intransitive] literary to take part in a fight or war
| I |
noun [countable] Date: 1200-1300
Language: Old French
Origin: bataille, from Late Latin battalia 'fighting', from Latin battuere 'to hit'
1. FIGHT a fight between opposing armies, groups of ships, groups of people etc, especially one that is part of a larger war:Language: Old French
Origin: bataille, from Late Latin battalia 'fighting', from Latin battuere 'to hit'
in battle
into battle
battle between
2. COMPETITION/ARGUMENT a situation in which opposing groups or people compete or argue with each other when trying to achieve success or control:
battle for
battle between
battle with
3. CHANGE BAD SITUATION an attempt to solve a difficult problem or change an unpleasant situation
battle against
battle with
battle for
4. be half the battle to be a difficult or important part of what you have to do:
5. a battle of wits a situation in which opposing sides try to win by using their intelligence:
6. battle of wills a situation in which opposing sides refuse to change what they want, in the hope that the other side will decide to change first:
7. do battle (with somebody) to argue with someone or fight against someone:
8. fight your own battles to argue with someone, or compete in a difficult situation, without having help from other people – used to show approval:
9. the battle of the sexes the relationship between men and women when it is considered as a fight for power
10. the battle of the bulge the act of trying to lose weight – used humorously
| COLLOCATIONS |
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| II |
verb1. [intransitive and transitive] to try very hard to achieve something that is difficult or dangerous:
battle against/with
battle for
battle to do something
2. battle it out to keep fighting or opposing each other until one person or team wins:
3. [intransitive] literary to take part in a fight or war
campaign a series of planned activities that are intended to achieve a particular social, commercial or political aim 指为社会、商业或政治目的而进行的一系列有计划的活动或运动 ：◆ the campaign for parliamentary reform 要求议会改革的运动 ◆ an advertising campaign 广告宣传活动 battle a competition or an argument between people or groups of people trying to win power or control 指个人或集体为赢得权力或控制权而进行的较量、争论或斗争 ：◆ She finally won the legal battle for compensation. 她终于赢得了这场要求赔偿的法律斗争。 ◆ the endless battle between man and nature 人与大自然永无休止的斗争 struggle a competition or an argument between people or groups of people trying to win power or control 指个人或集体为赢得权力或控制权而进行的较量、争论或斗争 ：◆ the struggle for independence 为独立的斗争 ◆ the struggle between good and evil 正邪之争
battle or struggle? 用 battle 还是 struggle？
drive an organized effort by a group of people to achieve sth 指团体为达到目的而作出的有组织的努力 ：◆ the drive for greater efficiency 为提高效率而作出的努力 ◆ a drive to reduce energy consumption 为减少能源消耗而发起的运动
campaign or drive? 用 campaign 还是 drive？
war [ 指为消灭或阻止有害事物而进行的长期斗争 ：◆ the war against crime 反犯罪活动的斗争 fight [ 指为制止或防止坏事物或为达到好目的而进行的斗争，或指竞赛，尤指体育竞赛 ：◆ Workers won their fight to stop compulsory redundancies. 工人赢得了阻止强制裁员的斗争。
war or fight? 用 war 还是 fight？
A war is about stopping things, like drugs and crime, that everyone agrees are bad. Afight can be about achieving justice for yourself.* war 用于制止人人摒弃的事物（如毒品和犯罪）而进行的斗争；fight 可用于为自己伸张正义而进行的斗争。
Patterns
a campaign/battle/struggle/drive/war/fight against stha campaign/battle/struggle/drive/fight for stha one-man/one-woman/personal campaign/battle/struggle/wara bitter campaign/battle/struggle/drive/war/fightto launch/embark on a campaign/battle/driveto lead/continue the campaign/battle/struggle/drive/fightto win/lose a battle/struggle/war/fight
