budget
Longman Dictionary of Contemporary English 5++LDOCE 5++bud·get1 /ˈbʌdʒɪt/ ●●○ S3 W3 noun [countable] 1 SPEND MONEYthe money that is available to an organization or person, or a plan of how it will be spent 预算budget of a welfare program with a budget of $2 million 预算为200万美元的福利计划budget for The budget for photography has been cut. 摄影方面的预算被削减了。 We had a really tight budget. 我们的预算很紧。on/within budget (=not using more money than planned) 在预算内 The project was completed within budget. 这一项目在预算内完成。under budget (=using less money than planned) 低于预算 If you come in under budget, everyone will be very impressed. 如果没有超出预算，大家都会很佩服你。over budget (=using more money than planned) 超出预算 Feature movies always run over budget. 拍故事片总是超支。2 on a budget if you are on a budget, you do not have much money to spend 钱不多的，控制预算的 Travellers on a budget might prefer to camp. 钱不多的旅游者可能更喜欢野营。 a book which offers great ideas for decorating on a budget 为经济型装修支妙招的一本书 families on a tight budget 经济拮据的家庭3. PEPG (also Budget) British English an official statement that a government makes about how much it intends to spend and what taxes will be necessary 〔政府的〕预算案 COLLOCATIONSADJECTIVES/NOUN + budgetan annual/monthly/weekly budget 年度/月度/周预算The organization has an annual budget of $24 million. 该机构的年度预算为2,400万美元。the national/federal/state budget 国家/联邦/州预算He has a plan to balance the federal budget. 他有一个平衡联邦预算的计划。the defence/education etc budget 国防/教育等预算We had to make cuts in the defence budget. 我们必须削减国防预算。the family/household budget 家庭预算Often the husband and wife contribute equally to the family budget. 通常夫妇俩会平均分担家庭预算。a big/large budget 庞大的预算The club does not have a large budget for new players. 这家俱乐部没有大笔预算来引进新球员。a small/low/limited budget 小额的/低的/有限的预算It was a project with a low budget. 这一项目的预算很少。a tight budget (=small and limited) 紧缩的预算nMost young people have to live within a tight budget.a fixed budget 固定的预算nOur clients usually have a fixed budget.a shoestring budget (=a very small budget) 小额的/低的/有限的预算nThe film had been made on a shoestring budget.na total budgetThe National Institute of Health had a total budget of $11. 3 billion.nan overall budget (=total)There has been an increase in the overall budget made available by the Government for training.verbshave a budget 有预算Hospital caterers have a budget of about £20 per person per week. 医院饮食供应商的预算是每人每周20英镑。overspend your budget 超出预算The Metropolitan Police has overspent its budget by £70 million. 伦敦警察厅超出预算达7,000万英镑。keep within a budget (=spend only the money that is available) 控制在预算内nFurther cuts are needed in order to keep within the budget.balance the budget (=spend only the money that is available) 平衡预算nthe importance of balancing the budget and cutting taxesbudget + NOUNa budget deficit (=when a government has spent more money than it has) 预算赤字The country has a budget deficit of over $4 billion. 该国预算赤字逾40亿美元。a budget surplus (=when a government has more money than it spends) 预算盈余A huge budget surplus of over £16 billion was recorded. 记录中有逾160亿英镑的巨额预算盈余。budget cuts (=reductions in the amount of money that is available) 预算削减nThe department has suffered severe budget cuts.
Examples from the Corpus
budget• It is unlikely the new government will have time to draft a budget.• Texas faces a budget deficit of over $4 billion.• The company has had to cut £46.000 from its advertising budget.• A percentage of the takings is usually allocated to advertising: this is the advertising budget.• the firm's annual budget• Government cuts in the defence budget have meant a loss of 2000 jobs.• More cuts in the defense budget are expected.• Mission-driven budgets relieve legislators of micromanagement decisions, freeing them to focus on the larger problems they were elected to solve.• His first budget, in 1991, contained a $ 7 billion tax increase.• Mum always worked out the household budget according to what we could afford.• The job will involve budgeting and decision-making, as well as managing the project.• The Council has to make savings on its budget of nearly £10 million to meet Government targets.• The second reason is the fact that most people have a limited budget and are already spending all their cash on games.• Key resources are technical personnel and aircraft spare parts which account for the largest share of the maintenance budget.• Several of our recent projects have been wildly over budget.• The council has said that jobs will have to be cut in order to balance the budget.• The Republicans were wedded to conservative fiscal views that stressed the importance of balancing the budget and cutting taxes.• The renovation work to St George's Hall was completed six months ahead of schedule and under budget.• You can choose any type of wood for your furniture, according to your budget.budget for• We'll be able to go if we budget for it.budget2 verb [intransitive, transitive] 1 SPEND MONEYto carefully plan and control how much money you spend and what you will buy with it 编制预算；把…编入预算；按计划花钱 We’ll have to budget more carefully. 我们必须更仔细地安排开支。 This scheme enables you to budget the cost through fixed monthly payments. 这个计划可以让你把费用分摊在每个月里等额偿还。budget for We’ve budgeted for a new car next year. 我们已经把明年要买新车纳入预算。2. PLANif you budget something such as time, you decide how much of it you will need （为…）作出安排 —budgeting noun [uncountable]→ See Verb tableExamples from the Corpus
budget• Our annual expenditure on training has been carefully budgeted.• It amounts to £92.5 million over five years which is supposed to be additional money to what is already budgeted.• The optional BillLimit feature enables customers to budget by setting a monthly limit.• By the time I had budgeted for food and rent I only had a few pounds left.• At university, young people have to budget for their living expenses, and organise their time.• Most service providers do not budget for this part of the business and often are shocked to see how much it costs.• We'll have to budget more carefully in the future. We've spent far more than we can afford.• Mark's capable of earning a lot, but he's no idea how to budget or save.• They are suddenly faced with finding a place to rent and budgeting the cost of living.• No money was budgeted to widen the freeway.• City officials concede, however, that there is no money budgeted yet for the project.• Each question should take 20 minutes, so budget your time accordingly.budget3 adjective [only before noun] 1 CHEAPvery low in price – often used in advertisements 经济的，特价的，便宜的〔常用于广告中〕 SYN cheap budget flights 低价航班► see thesaurus at cheap2 low-budget/big-budget used for saying how much money has been spent on doing something, especially making a film 〔尤指拍摄电影〕低预算/高预算的 low-budget movies 低预算电影Examples from the Corpus
budget• a budget flight• The Tourist Information Office will give you a list of budget hotels in the area.nthe BudgetBudget, the nin the UK, a plan for how the government will collect all the money it needs, which is announced each year by the chancellor of the exchequer (=the minister in charge of financial matters). The Chancellor is always shown going to Parliament carrying a special red case that contains the Budget speech. The speech is broadcast on television and radio, and most people take an interest in the effects of the Budget on taxes and on the price of things like petrol, alcohol, and cigarettes.From Longman Business DictionaryBudgetBud‧get /ˈbʌdʒɪt/ noun [countable]ECONOMICS an official statement that a government makes about how much it intends to spend and what the rates of taxes will be for the next year or six monthsThere is a great deal in the Budget to help investment.This year’s Budget is expected to include measures to help small businesses.budgetbudget1 noun [countable]1ACCOUNTINGFINANCEa detailed plan made by an organization or a government of how much it will receive as income over a particular period of time, and how much it will spend, what it will spend the money on etcEach year business managers draw up a budget and suggest a series of financial targets.The President has promised to balance the government’s budget (=make sure that no more is spent than is received as income) within three years.2COMMERCEFINANCEthe amount of money that an organization has to spend on a particular activity in a given period of time, usually a yearHospital caterers have a budget of about £10 per person per week.The service operates on a very tight budget (=with very little money to spare).The film was made on a shoestring budget (=a very small budget). → see also mini-budget3on a budget if you are on a budget, you have to do something with as little money as possibleOur self catering apartments are popular with those on a budget.budgetbudget2 verb [intransitive, transitive]ACCOUNTINGCOMMERCE to carefully plan and control how much you spendbudget (something) for something$100 million has been budgeted for fees and expenses. —budgeted adjectiveThe group has been trading slightly below budgeted levels.the gap between budgeted sales and turnover→ See Verb tableOrigin budget1 (1400-1500) Old French bougette “small leather bag”, from bouge “leather bag”, from Latin bulga; from the idea of bringing your spending plan out of its bagbud·get1 noun →COLLOCATIONS1budget2 verbbudget3 adjectiveBudget, theLDOCE OnlineChineseSyllable
the organization to person, or money is Business an Corpus that available
budget
bud‧get1 S1 W2 /ˈbʌdʒət, ˈbʌdʒɪt/ 
noun [countable]
budget of
a welfare program with a budget of $2 million
budget for
The budget for photography has been cut.
We had a really tight budget.
on/within budget (=not using more money than planned)
The project was completed within budget.
under budget (=using less money than planned)
If you come in under budget, everyone will be very impressed.
over budget (=using more money than planned)
Feature movies always run over budget.
2. on a budget if you are on a budget, you do not have much money to spend:
Travellers on a budget might prefer to camp.
a book which offers great ideas for decorating on a budget
families on a tight budget
3. (also Budget) British English an official statement that a government makes about how much it intends to spend and what taxes will be necessary
■ ADJECTIVES/NOUN + budget
▪an annual/monthly/weekly budget The organization has an annual budget of $24 million.
▪the national/federal/state budget He has a plan to balance the federal budget.
▪the defence/education etc budget We had to make cuts in the defence budget.
▪the family/household budget Often the husband and wife contribute equally to the family budget.
▪a big/large budget The club does not have a large budget for new players.
▪a small/low/limited budget It was a project with a low budget.
▪a tight budget (=small and limited) Most young people have to live within a tight budget.
▪a fixed budget Our clients usually have a fixed budget.
▪a shoestring budget (=a very small budget) The film had been made on a shoestring budget.
▪a total budget The National Institute of Health had a total budget of $11. 3 billion.
▪an overall budget (=total) There has been an increase in the overall budget made available by the Government for training.
■ verbs
▪have a budget Hospital caterers have a budget of about £20 per person per week.
▪overspend your budget The Metropolitan Police has overspent its budget by £70 million.
▪keep within a budget (=spend only the money that is available) Further cuts are needed in order to keep within the budget.
▪balance the budget (=spend only the money that is available) the importance of balancing the budget and cutting taxes
■ budget + NOUN
▪a budget deficit (=when a government has spent more money than it has) The country has a budget deficit of over $4 billion.
▪a budget surplus (=when a government has more money than it spends ) A huge budget surplus of over £16 billion was recorded.
▪budget cuts (=reductions in the amount of money that is available) The department has suffered severe budget cuts.
budget2 verb [intransitive and transitive]
1. to carefully plan and control how much money you spend and what you will buy with it:
We’ll have to budget more carefully.
This scheme enables you to budget the cost through fixed monthly payments.
budget for
We’ve budgeted for a new car next year.
2. if you budget something such as time, you decide how much of it you will need
—budgeting noun [uncountable]
budget3 adjective [only before noun]
1. very low in price – often used in advertisements
SYN cheap:
budget flights
2. low-budget/big-budget used for saying how much money has been spent on doing something, especially making a film:
low-budget movies
▪ cheap costing very little money, or less than you expected: My shoes were really cheap – they only cost £25. | The cheapest way to get to Chicago is to take the bus. | cheap flights
▪low low prices, rents, and fees do not cost a lot of money. Do not use cheap with these words: Why is the share price so low? | You could get equally good accommodation elsewhere at a lower rent.
▪inexpensive especially written not expensive – use this especially about things that are of good quality, even though they do not cost a lot: The furniture is inexpensive, but well made. | a simple inexpensive meal | a hotel that offers air-conditioned rooms at relatively inexpensive prices
▪reasonable a reasonable price seems fair because it is not too high: The restaurant serves good food at reasonable prices. | Only £25 a night? That sounds reasonable.
▪economical cheap because you do not need to use a lot of money or fuel: an economical car | It is usually more economical to buy in large quantities.
▪affordable cheap enough for most people to be able to buy or pay for: affordable housing | Single mothers often have trouble finding affordable childcare. | The shop sells designer fashions at affordable prices.
▪competitive competitive prices and rates are as low as those charged by other shops or companies: I think you’ll find our prices are extremely competitive. | The hotel offers a high standard of service at very competitive rates.
▪budget [only before noun] budget flights, airlines, hotels etc have specially low prices: You can get a budget flight to Amsterdam for only £19. | a list of budget hotels for under $50 a night | budget accommodation for families with young children
▪be good/great value to be worth at least the price you pay for it, so that you feel pleased and think you have spent your money well: The meals at Charlie’s Pizza are really good value. | The holiday is great value for money.
▪be a bargain informal to be extremely cheap: I got this shirt when I was in Indonesia. It was a real bargain.
| I |
noun [countable] Date: 1400-1500
Language: Old French
Origin: bougette 'small leather bag', from bouge 'leather bag', from Latin bulga; from the idea of bringing your spending plan out of its bag
1. the money that is available to an organization or person, or a plan of how it will be spentLanguage: Old French
Origin: bougette 'small leather bag', from bouge 'leather bag', from Latin bulga; from the idea of bringing your spending plan out of its bag
budget of
budget for
on/within budget (=not using more money than planned)
under budget (=using less money than planned)
over budget (=using more money than planned)
2. on a budget if you are on a budget, you do not have much money to spend:
3. (also Budget) British English an official statement that a government makes about how much it intends to spend and what taxes will be necessary
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| II |
verb [intransitive and transitive]1. to carefully plan and control how much money you spend and what you will buy with it:
budget for
2. if you budget something such as time, you decide how much of it you will need
—budgeting noun [uncountable]
| III |
adjective [only before noun]1. very low in price – often used in advertisements
SYN cheap:
2. low-budget/big-budget used for saying how much money has been spent on doing something, especially making a film:
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Budget
Budget, the
in the UK, a plan for how the government will collect all the money it needs, which is announced each year by the Chancellor of the Exchequer (=the minister in charge of financial matters). The Chancellor is always shown going to Parliament carrying a special red case that contains the Budget speech. The speech is broadcast on television and radio, and most people take an interest in the effects of the Budget on taxes and on the price of things like petrol, alcohol, and cigarettes.
Budget, the
in the UK, a plan for how the government will collect all the money it needs, which is announced each year by the Chancellor of the Exchequer (=the minister in charge of financial matters). The Chancellor is always shown going to Parliament carrying a special red case that contains the Budget speech. The speech is broadcast on television and radio, and most people take an interest in the effects of the Budget on taxes and on the price of things like petrol, alcohol, and cigarettes.
Running a business 经营企业
buy/acquire/own/sell a company/firm/franchise收购／获得／拥有／出售公司／商行／特许经销权 set up/establish/start/start up/launch a business/company创办企业／公司 run/operate a business/company/franchise经营企业／公司／专卖店 head/run a firm/department/team管理公司／部门／团队 make/secure/win/block a deal达成／阻止一笔交易 expand/grow/build the business扩展业务 boost/increase investment/spending/sales/turnover/earnings/exports/trade增加投资／支出／销售量／营业额／收入／出口／贸易 increase/expand production/output/sales增加产量／输出量／销售量 boost/maximize production/productivity/efficiency/income/revenue/profit/profitability使产量／生产力／效率／收入／收益／利润／收益增加／最大化 achieve/maintain/sustain growth/profitability实现／维持／保持增长／收益 cut/reduce/bring down/lower/slash costs/prices削减成本／价格 announce/impose/make cuts/cutbacks宣布／强制实行／实施削减
Sales and marketing 销售和市场营销
break into/enter/capture/dominate the market打入／进入／占领／控制市场 gain/grab/take/win/boost/lose market share取得／夺取／得到／赢得／增加／丢失市场份额 find/build/create a market for sth为某物找到／建立／开创市场 start/launch an advertising/a marketing campaign发起广告／营销宣传活动 develop/launch/promote a product/website开发／推出／推销产品／网站 create/generate demand for your product为产品创造需求 attract/get/retain/help customers/clients吸引／赢得／留住／帮助顾客／客户 drive/generate/boost/increase demand/sales刺激／创造／提高／增加需求／销售量 beat/keep ahead of/out-think/outperform the competition打败／领先于／智胜／胜过竞争对手 meet/reach/exceed/miss sales targets完成／达到／超过／未达到销售目标
Finance 财务
draw up/set/present/agree/approve a budget起草／制订／提出／批准预算 keep to/balance/cut/reduce/slash the budget执行／平衡／削减／大幅削减预算 be/come in below/under/over/within budget未超出／超出预算；在预算之内 generate income/revenue/profit/funds/business产生收益／利润／资金／营业额 fund/finance a campaign/a venture/an expansion/spending/a deficit为活动／商业项目／扩张／开支／赤字提供资金 provide/raise/allocate capital/funds提供／筹集／分配资金 attract/encourage investment/investors吸引／鼓励投资／投资者 recover/recoup costs/losses/an investment收回成本／亏损／投资 get/obtain/offer sb/grant sb credit/a loan获得／为某人提供／准予某人贷款 apply for/raise/secure/arrange/provide finance申请／筹集／获得／安排／提供资金
Failure 失败；不成功
lose business/trade/customers/sales/revenue失去生意／买卖／顾客／销量／收益 accumulate/accrue/incur/run up debts累积／积累／招致／积欠债务 suffer/sustain enormous/heavy/serious losses蒙受惨重损失 face cuts/a deficit/redundancy/bankruptcy面临削减／赤字／裁员／破产 file for/ ( NAmE enter/avoid/escape bankruptcy申请／避免／幸免破产 ( BrE go into administration/liquidation进入行政接管／清算 liquidate/wind up a company清算／关闭公司 survive/weather a recession/downturn艰难渡过萧条期／衰退期 propose/seek/block/oppose a merger提出／寻求／阻止／反对合并 launch/make/accept/defeat a takeover bid发起／进行／接受／阻止收购投标
also
Managing the economy 管理经济
handle/run/manage the economy管理经济 boost investment/spending/employment/growth促进投资／支出／就业／增长速度 stimulate demand/the economy/industry刺激需求／经济／工业 cut/reduce investment/spending/borrowing削减投资／支出／借贷 reduce/curb/control/keep down inflation减少／遏制通货膨胀 create/fuel growth/demand/a boom/a bubble创造／刺激增长／需求／繁荣／泡沫 encourage/foster/promote/stimulate/stifle innovation/competition鼓励／促进／刺激／抑制创新／竞争 encourage/work with/compete with the private sector鼓励私营部门；与私营部门合作／竞争 increase/boost/promote US/agricultural exports增加／促进美国／农业出口 ban/restrict/block cheap/foreign imports禁止／限制／阻止廉价／国外进口产品 the economy grows/expands/shrinks/contracts/slows (down)/recovers/improves/is booming 经济增长／扩张／收缩／萎缩／放缓／复苏／改善／繁荣 enjoy an economic/housing/property boom享受经济／住房／房地产的繁荣期
Economic problems 经济问题
push up/drive up prices/costs/inflation抬高价格／成本；加剧通货膨胀 damage/hurt/destroy industry/the economy破坏工业／经济 cause/lead to/go into/avoid/escape recession引起／导致／进入／避开经济衰退 experience/suffer a recession/downturn经历／遭受经济衰退 fight/combat inflation/deflation/unemployment抵抗通货膨胀／通货紧缩／失业 cause/create inflation/poverty/unemployment导致／造成通货膨胀／贫穷／失业 create/burst a housing/stock market bubble造成／引爆住房／股票市场泡沫 cause/trigger a stock market crash/the collapse of the banking system引起股市崩盘／银行系统崩溃 face/be plunged into a financial/an economic crisis面临／陷入财政／经济危机 be caught in/experience cycles of boom and bust陷入／经历周期性繁荣与萧条
Public finance 公共财政
cut/reduce/slash/increase/double the defence/( defense/education/aid budgetespecially
削减／大幅削减／增加／加倍国防／教育／援助预算 increase/boost/slash/cut public spending增加／大幅削减／削减公共支出 increase/put up/raise/cut/lower/reduce taxes提高／降低税收 raise/cut/lower/reduce interest rates提高／降低利率 ease/loosen/tighten monetary policy放宽／收紧货币政策 balance the (state/federal) budget平衡（州／联邦）预算 achieve/maintain a balanced budget达到／保持预算平衡 run a ($4 trillion) budget deficit/surplus有（4 万亿美元的）预算赤字／盈余
save to keep money instead of spending it, often in order to buy a particular thing 常指为了买某物而攒钱、储蓄 ：◆ I'm saving for a new car. 我正攒钱想买辆新车。 budget to be careful about the amount of money you spend; to plan to spend an amount of money for a particular purpose 指谨慎花钱、把…编入预算 ：◆ If we budget carefully we'll be able to afford the trip. 我们精打细算一点，就能够负担这次旅行。 economize to use less money, time, etc. than you normally use 指节省、节约、节俭 tighten your belt ( to spend less money because there is less availablerather
指勒紧腰带省吃俭用 ：◆ With the price increases, we are all having to tighten our belts. 由于物价上涨，我们都只好勒紧裤腰带了。
Patterns
to save up/budget for sthto have to save/budget/economize/tighten our beltsto try to/manage to save/budget/economize
cheap costing little money or less money than you expected; charging low prices 指花钱少、便宜、收费低廉 NOTE Cheap can also be used in a disapproving way to suggest that sth is poor quality as well as low in price.* cheap 亦可作贬义，指价低质劣 ：◆ a bottle of cheap perfume 一瓶低价劣质香水 competitive (of prices, goods or services) as cheap as or cheaper than those offered by other companies; able to offer goods or services at competitive prices 指价格、产品或服务收费方面具有竞争力 budget [ （尤用于广告）指仅提供基本服务因而价格低廉 affordable cheap enough for most people to afford 指多数人买得起或负担得来的 reasonable (of prices) not too expensive 指价格不太高、公道的 inexpensive ( cheaprather
指不昂贵 NOTE Inexpensive is often used to mean that sth is good value for its price. It is sometimes used instead ofcheap , becausecheap can suggest that sth is poor quality.* inexpensive 常含物有所值之义，有时用以代替 cheap，因为 cheap 可有质量低劣的含义。
Patterns
cheap/competitive/budget/affordable/reasonable prices/fares/rates cheap/competitive/budget/affordable/inexpensive products/services