burn
Word family
Longman Dictionary of Contemporary English 5++LDOCE 5++burn1 /bɜːn $ bɜːrn/ ●●● S2 W3 verb (past tense and past participle burnt /bɜːnt $ bɜːrnt/ or burned) 1 PRODUCE HEATproduce flames and heat 产生火和热 [intransitive] a) if a fire burns, it produces heat and flames 〔火〕燃烧 There was a fire burning in the fireplace. 壁炉里烧着火。 An average household candle will burn for about six hours. 一般的家用蜡烛可以点六小时左右。 b) if something is burning, it is producing flames and being damaged or destroyed by fire 〔某物〕燃烧 Parts of the building are still burning. 大楼的有些地方仍在燃烧。2 DESTROY WITH FIREdestroy STH with fire 烧毁某物 [transitive] to destroy or damage something with fire 焚烧，烧毁 I burnt all his old letters. 我把他以前的信全烧了。 Cars were burned and shops were looted during the rioting. 暴乱期间，汽车被焚，商店遭抢劫。 The Grand Hotel had burnt to the ground. 格兰德大酒店被大火夷为平地。 Make sure the iron isn’t too hot or you’ll burn the cloth. 注意熨斗温度不能过高，免得烫坏布料。 He dropped his cigarette and burnt a hole in the carpet. 他的香烟掉下来，把地毯烫了一个洞。3 injure/kill SB with fire 烧伤/烧死某人 [transitive] to hurt yourself or someone else with fire or something hot 烧伤；烫伤 I burned my hand on the oven door. 我的手被烤箱门烫伤了。 She was badly burned in a road accident. 她在一次交通事故中被严重烧伤。 Sixteen passengers were burned to death (=died in a fire). 有16名乘客被烧死。 A family of five were burned alive in their home last night (=died in a fire). 昨晚有一五口之家在家中被活活烧死。 Heretics were burnt at the stake (=burnt in a fire as a punishment). 异教徒被绑在火刑柱上烧死。4 sun 太阳 [intransitive, transitive] if the sun burns your skin, or if your skin burns, it becomes red and painful from the heat of the sun （使）晒伤 → sunburn I burn quite easily. 我很容易晒伤。 Don’t forget you can still get burnt when you’re swimming or when it’s cloudy. 别忘了，就是在游泳或阴天的时候还是会晒伤的。 Her face and neck were quite badly burned. 她的脸和颈部晒伤严重。5 food 食物 [intransitive, transitive] to spoil food by cooking it for too long, or to become spoiled in this way 烧焦，烧糊 I’m afraid I’ve burnt the pizza. 我怕是把比萨饼烤糊了。burn something to a crisp/cinder The meat was burned to a crisp. 那肉给烤焦了。6 chemicals 化学物 [transitive]DAMAGE to damage or destroy something by a chemical action 烧伤，灼伤 Quite a lot of household chemicals can burn your skin. 许多家用化学品都会烧伤皮肤。7 fuel 燃料 [intransitive, transitive]TPUSE something if you burn a fuel, or if it burns, it is used to produce power, heat, light etc （使）〔燃料〕燃烧 The boiler burns oil to produce heat. 锅炉烧油产生热量。 greenhouse gases caused by the burning of fossil fuels 燃烧矿物燃料产生的温室气体8 fat/energy 脂肪/能量 [transitive] if you burn fat or calories, you use up energy stored in your body by being physically active 消耗〔脂肪或热量〕9 SHINElight 灯 [intransitive] if a light or lamp burns, it shines or produces light 发光，照亮10 feel hot and painful 感到热和痛 [intransitive, transitive]FEEL HOT/COLD/TIRED ETC if a part of your body burns, or if something burns it, it feels unpleasantly hot （使）〔身体部位〕灼痛，（使）火辣辣地痛11 BE EMBARRASSEDface/cheeks 脸/面颊 [intransitive] if your face or cheeks are burning, they feel hot because you are embarrassed or upset 〔脸因窘迫或生气而〕发烫12. CD 光盘 [transitive] if you burn a CD or DVD, you record music, images, or other information onto it using special computer equipment 刻录〔光盘或数字影碟〕13 be burning with rage/desire etc STRONG FEELING OR BELIEFto feel a particular emotion very strongly 满腔怒火/满怀强烈的欲望等14 be burning to do something WANTto want to do or find out something very much 渴望做某事15 be/get burned informal16 burn your fingers/get your fingers burned informalHARM/BE BAD FOR to suffer the unpleasant results of something that you have done 〔因自己做的事〕吃苦头，吃亏17. burn a hole in your pocket SPEND MONEYif money burns a hole in your pocket, you want to spend it as soon as you can 有钱烧得慌，有钱就花光18 burn your bridges/boats informalDECIDE to do something with the result that you will not be able to return to a previous situation again, even if you want to 破釜沉舟，自绝后路19. burn the candle at both ends informalWORK HARD to get very tired by doing things until very late at night and getting up early in the mornings 一根蜡烛两头烧，起早贪黑而疲惫不堪20. burn the midnight oil informalWORK HARD to work or study until late at night 挑灯夜战，开夜车21 it burns somebody that/how etc American EnglishANGRY used to say that something makes someone feel angry or jealous 使某人心生怒气[妒意]22 GO FASTgo fast 快速行驶 [intransitive always + adverb/preposition] informalFAST/QUICK to travel very fast 疾驰n GrammarBurn belongs to a group of verbs where the same noun can be the subject of the verb or its object. • You can say: You’re burning the toast! In this sentence, ‘the toast’ is the object of burn.• You can also say: The toast is burning! In this sentence, ‘the toast’ is the subject of burn.n COLLOCATIONS – Meaning 3: to hurt yourself or someone else with fire or something hotadverbsbe badly/severely burnedHis face had been badly burned in the fire.be burned aliveThe animals were burned alive when a farm building caught fire.phrasesbe burned to deathAnyone inside the truck would have been burned to death.be burned at the stake (=burned in a fire as a punishment)In those days witches were burned at the stake. THESAURUSto be burning 在燃烧burn to produce heat and flames 燃烧The fire was still burning. 火还在燃烧着。A pile of branches was burning in the yard. 院子里一堆树枝在燃烧。be on fire if a building, car, piece of clothing etc is on fire, it is burning and being damaged 〔建筑物、汽车、衣物等〕着火，起火Before long, the neighbouring houses were on fire too. 没过多久，相邻的房子也着火了。be alight especially written if something is alight, it is burning 在燃烧By the time the fire engines got there, the whole building was already alight. 等消防车到那里时，整栋大楼都已经燃着了。nThe candle was still alight.be ablaze especially written if something is ablaze, it is burning with a lot of flames, so that it is seriously damaged 在熊熊燃烧Twelve hours after the bombing raid, many parts of the city were still ablaze. 空袭过了12小时后，城市的许多地方仍燃烧着熊熊大火。nThe two hundred tonnes of straw were now ablaze and firefighters struggled to get the fire under control.blaze to burn very brightly with a lot of flames and heat 熊熊燃烧A big log fire was blazing in the fireplace. 壁炉里用原木生的火烧得正旺。smoulder British English, smolder American English /ˈsməʊldə $ ˈsmoʊldər/ to burn slowly and continuously, producing smoke but no flames 〔没有火焰地〕阴燃，闷燃A cigarette smouldered in the ashtray. 一支香烟在烟灰缸内闷燃。nThe fire in the chemical factory was so intense that it was still smouldering a week later.nflicker if a fire or flame flickers, it burns with an unsteady light that appears and disappears quicklyA welcoming fire flickered in the grate. Inside the shrine candles flicker next to statues of saints.to start burning 开始燃烧catch fire to start burning accidentally 失火，着火We were worried the house would catch fire. 我们担心房子会失火。nTwo farm workers died when a barn caught fire yesterday.burst into flames to suddenly start burning and produce a lot of flames that cause serious damage 突然起大火The plane crashed into the side of the mountain and burst into flames. 飞机撞上山腰，熊熊燃烧起来。ignite /ɪɡˈnaɪt/ technical if a chemical or gas ignites, it starts burning 〔化学品或气体〕点燃，起火The compound ignites at 450 degrees Celsius. 这种化合物在450摄氏度燃烧。nScientists could not explain why the gas had suddenly ignited.to burn something 烧坏某物burn to damage or destroy something with fire or heat 烧毁，烧坏；烫坏She lit a fire and burned his letters one by one. 她点起火，把他的来信一封接一封地烧掉。set fire to something (also set something on fire) to make something start burning so that it gets damaged 点火烧毁某物Vandals set fire to an empty warehouse. 破坏分子放火焚烧一处空仓库。nTeresa wondered if the burning log might set fire to the curtains.nThe Vikings attacked villages along the coast and set them on fire.nSparks from the fireplace could easily set the curtains on fire.scorch to damage the surface of something by burning it so that a dark mark is left on it 烧焦，烤焦Having the iron on a very high heat can scorch the fabric. 熨斗温度太高会烫焦衣料。nThe heater was left on all night and it scorched the wall.singe /sɪndʒ/ to damage hair, wool, paper etc by burning it slightly so that the ends or edges are burnt 轻微烧焦，燎焦The flames were hot enough to singe your eyebrows. 火焰烫得都能把眉毛燎焦。scald to burn your skin with very hot liquid or steam 〔被高温液体或蒸汽〕烫伤The coffee was so hot it nearly scalded his tongue. 咖啡热得差点烫伤了他的舌头。nIt’s easy to knock a pan off the stove and scald yourself.nHe was scalded by steam escaping from the broken pipe. nignite technical to make something start to burn, especially something that burns easily such as a gas or chemicalThe gas is ignited by an electrical spark.It appears he threw away a lit cigarette which ignited the petrol spilt on the ground.to make something stop burning 使某物停止燃烧put out to make something such as a fire, cigarette, or candle stop burning 扑灭，熄灭It took firefighters four hours to put out the blaze. 消防员花了四个小时才把大火扑灭。nShe threw sand on the fire to put it out.I put out my cigarette and went back into the house. 我熄灭香烟，走回屋内。extinguish /ɪkˈstɪŋɡwɪʃ/ formal to make something such as a fire, cigarette, or candle stop burning 扑灭，熄灭He managed to extinguish the flames with his coat. 他用自己的外套设法把火扑灭了。Customers who smoke will be asked to extinguish their cigarettes or leave the premises. 吸烟的顾客会被要求熄灭香烟或离开。blow out to make a flame or fire stop burning by blowing on it 吹灭He blew out the candle and went to sleep. 他吹熄蜡烛去睡觉了。The wind blew out the fire. 风把火吹灭了。 PHRASAL VERBS→ See Verb tableExamples from the Corpus
burn• The best protection is to get out of the sun before you get burned.• Fritter should turn golden brown but not burn.• Does styrofoam burn?• Someone had dropped a cigarette and burned a hole in the carpet.• Over 35 houses burned as wildfire swept through the town.• Christmas lights burned brightly all around town.• At one end of the room a coal fire burned brightly.• Our bodies are designed to burn carbohydrates and store fats.• The engine only burns diesel fuel.• They arrived within minutes to save the building from being burnt down.• She burnt her arm on a camping stove.• There was a hot fire in the potbellied stove and an oil lamp burning high on a table in the corner.• Marcus burned his hand on the stove.• She lit a fire and burned his letters one by one.• Most of the garbage is burned in a pit behind the building.• Jerry was badly burned in the explosion.• A pile of branches was burning in the yard.• Amongst the Phoenicians live infants were placed in the arms of a idol, and died in the flames burning inside it.• Miguel was angry enough to burn it.• There were signs, however, that she might burn out.• Oh, no! I've burnt the chicken!• Oh no, I burned the toast!• Most of his possessions had been burnt to a cinder.• Hard woods generally don't burn well.• The candle flickered briefly, then burned with a steady flame.• Cheap Scotch burns your throat.• Don't touch the iron. You'll burn yourself.burnt to the ground• Andrew was forced to return to Britian because the medical unit he was working with was burnt to the ground.• The headquarters was burnt to the ground.• Buses were destroyed and a luxury tourist hotel burnt to the ground, although no holidaymakers were injured.burnt at the stake• Governor Dulcitius had her sisters burnt at the stake.• He was then burnt at the stake.• Refusing to recant his doctrines as heretical, he was condemned to be burnt at the stake at Konstanz.get burnt• Andy can juggle fire clubs and no longer gets burnt.• Many of them got burnt out.burn along/up etc• The harder and faster they work. the more calories they will burn up and the leaner they will become.• The body not only burns up fat, but muscle and organs as well.• The usual solution, massive storage centers for recycled resources, burns up its slim profitability.• Most of these fireballs burn up or explode in the atmosphere and vanish without a trace.• Two uranium-fuelled Cosmos satellites from the Soviet Union burnt up re-entering the atmosphere around 20 years ago.• Two cases burning up the Internet show the extent to which technology has become the front line in the battles over privacy.• Coal fires burning along the way.• Millions burn up their free hours on one service, then hop to another to grab more free hours.burn2 ●●○ S3 noun [countable] 1 MIBURNan injury caused by fire, heat, the light of the sun, or acid 〔因火、高温、太阳光或酸引起的〕烧伤；灼伤；烫伤2 a mark on something caused by fire or heat 烧[烫]伤的痕迹3. a painful mark on the skin caused by it rubbing hard against something rough 擦伤4 the burn informalEXERCISE a painful hot feeling in your muscles when you exercise a lot 〔大量锻炼使肌肉产生的〕酸痛感5. DN British English a small stream 小溪Examples from the Corpus
burn• He said the average length of time for a burn survivor to get over grief is 12 to 18 months.• The child had cigarette burns on his arms and legs.• The knot under his chin was still firmly fastened and he had extensive burns on his head and face.• She was treated for minor burns on her hands.• Jones suffered only minor burns when her house was set ablaze last week.• She suffered powder burns to her right hand and a bullet passed through the sleeve of her nightgown.• Radial burns can also be used to circularize an elliptical orbit.• Billy was taken to the hospital with severe burns.• Severe burns result after skin contact even with dilute solutions; the burns may not appear until hours after exposure.• The ambulance men arrived and immediately poured ice cold water over the burns.minor burns• She needed treatment for smoke inhalation and minor burns.• Mercifully he suffered only minor burns to his wrists and neck, the judge said.• He was taken to hospital with minor burns to his hair, left arm, face and ears.• Luckily they got out with minor burns, but that could have been very serious.burn marks• There was one chair and a narrow desk riddled with graffiti and burn marks.• He would have burn marks on his hands.• There were minute burn marks on his hands and on his shoulders.• Boy was bruised badly around the mouth, and had red burn marks around both of his wrists.• But, this should be avoided, as we created several burn marks through over-zealous use.• There was a pillow with burn marks.From Longman Business Dictionaryburnburn /bɜːnbɜːrn/ verb (past tense and past participle burned or burnt /bɜːntbɜːrnt/) [transitive]1COMPUTING to copy information held on a computer’s HARD DRIVE onto a CD ROM2be/get burned informal to lose a lot of money in a business deal, usually because it involves a high riskA lot of investors got burned buying junk bonds which turned out to be worthless.3burn your fingers/get your fingers burnt informal to suffer from the results of an unsuccessful business activitySince burning their fingers on 100% lending that turned into bad debt, lenders have been limiting borrowing to 75% of the property’s value.→ See Verb tableOrigin burn1 Old English byrnan “to burn” and bærnan “to cause to burn”burn1 verb →10-22
→n GRAMMAR1 →n COLLOCATIONS1 →THESAURUS1 →PHRASAL VERBS1burn2 nounLDOCE OnlineChinese
→n GRAMMAR1 →n COLLOCATIONS1 →THESAURUS1 →PHRASAL VERBS1burn2 nounLDOCE OnlineChinese
Corpus if Business produces flames it fire heat burns, a and
burn
burn1 S2 W3 /bɜːn $ bɜːrn/ 
verb (past tense and past participle burnt /bɜːnt $ bɜːrnt/ or burned)
a. if a fire burns, it produces heat and flames:
There was a fire burning in the fireplace.
An average household candle will burn for about six hours.
b. if something is burning, it is producing flames and being damaged or destroyed by fire:
Parts of the building are still burning.
2. DESTROY SOMETHING WITH FIRE [transitive] to destroy or damage something with fire:
I burnt all his old letters.
Cars were burned and shops were looted during the rioting.
The Grand Hotel had burnt to the ground.
Make sure the iron isn’t too hot or you’ll burn the cloth.
He dropped his cigarette and burnt a hole in the carpet.
3. INJURE/KILL SOMEBODY WITH FIRE [transitive] to hurt yourself or someone else with fire or something hot:
I burned my hand on the oven door.
She was badly burned in a road accident.
Sixteen passengers were burned to death (=died in a fire).
A family of five were burned alive in their home last night (=died in a fire).
Heretics were burnt at the stake (=burnt in a fire as a punishment).
4. SUN [intransitive and transitive] if the sun burns your skin, or if your skin burns, it becomes red and painful from the heat of the sun ⇨ sunburn:
I burn quite easily.
Don’t forget you can still get burnt when you’re swimming or when it’s cloudy.
Her face and neck were quite badly burned.
5. FOOD [intransitive and transitive] to spoil food by cooking it for too long, or to become spoiled in this way:
I’m afraid I’ve burnt the pizza.
burn something to a crisp/cinder
The meat was burned to a crisp.
6. CHEMICALS [transitive] to damage or destroy something by a chemical action:
Quite a lot of household chemicals can burn your skin.
7. FUEL [intransitive and transitive] if you burn a fuel, or if it burns, it is used to produce power, heat, light etc:
The boiler burns oil to produce heat.
greenhouse gases caused by the burning of fossil fuels
8. FAT/ENERGY [transitive] if you burn fat or CALORIES, you use up energy stored in your body by being physically active:
Taking a brisk walk every morning is a great way to burn calories.
a fat-burning exercise
9. LIGHT [intransitive] if a light or lamp burns, it shines or produces light:
A lamp was burning in the kitchen window.
The hall light was still burning.
10. FEEL HOT AND PAINFUL [intransitive and transitive] if a part of your body burns, or if something burns it, it feels unpleasantly hot:
The whisky burned my throat as it went down.
My eyes were burning from the smoke.
11. FACE/CHEEKS [intransitive] if your face or cheeks are burning, they feel hot because you are embarrassed or upset:
I could feel my cheeks burning as I spoke.
12. CD [transitive] if you burn a CD or DVD, you record music, images, or other information onto it using special computer equipment
13. be burning with rage/desire etc to feel a particular emotion very strongly:
She was burning with curiosity.
14. be burning to do something to want to do or find out something very much:
I was burning to know how he had got on in New York.
15. be/get burned informal
a. to be emotionally hurt by someone or something:
Take things slowly – don’t get burned again.
b. to lose a lot of money:
The company got badly burned in the dot.com collapse.
16. burn your fingers/get your fingers burned informal to suffer the unpleasant results of something that you have done:
I tried a dating agency once, but got my fingers badly burnt – I’ll never do it again.
17. burn a hole in your pocket if money burns a hole in your pocket, you want to spend it as soon as you can
18. burn your bridges/boats informal to do something with the result that you will not be able to return to a previous situation again, even if you want to:
I’m really tempted to take up that job offer in Washington, but I don’t want to burn my boats with this company.
19. burn the candle at both ends informal to get very tired by doing things until very late at night and getting up early in the mornings
20. burn the midnight oil informal to work or study until late at night
21. it burns somebody that/how etc American English used to say that something makes someone feel angry or jealous:
It really burns me the way they treat us.
22. GO FAST [intransitive always + adverb/preposition] informal to travel very fast
burn along/up etc
a sports car burning up the motorway
■ adverbs
▪be badly/severely burned His face had been badly burned in the fire.
▪be burned alive The animals were burned alive when a farm building caught fire.
■ phrases
▪be burned to death Anyone inside the truck would have been burned to death.
▪be burned at the stake (=burned in a fire as a punishment) In those days witches were burned at the stake.
■ to be burning
▪burn to produce heat and flames: The fire was still burning. | A pile of branches was burning in the yard.
▪be on fire if a building, car, piece of clothing etc is on fire, it is burning and being damaged: Before long, the neighbouring houses were on fire too.
▪be alight especially written if something is alight, it is burning: By the time the fire engines got there, the whole building was already alight. | The candle was still alight.
▪be ablaze especially written if something is ablaze, it is burning with a lot of flames, so that it is seriously damaged: Twelve hours after the bombing raid, many parts of the city were still ablaze. | The two hundred tonnes of straw were now ablaze and firefighters struggled to get the fire under control.
▪blaze to burn very brightly with a lot of flames and heat: A big log fire was blazing in the fireplace.
▪smoulder British English, smolder American English /ˈsməʊldə $ ˈsmoʊldər/ to burn slowly and continuously, producing smoke but no flames: A cigarette smouldered in the ashtray. | The fire in the chemical factory was so intense that it was still smouldering a week later.
▪flicker if a fire or flame flickers, it burns with an unsteady light that appears and disappears quickly: A welcoming fire flickered in the grate. | Inside the shrine candles flicker next to statues of saints.
■ to start burning
▪catch fire to start burning accidentally: We were worried the house would catch fire. | Two farm workers died when a barn caught fire yesterday.
▪burst into flames to suddenly start burning and produce a lot of flames that cause serious damage: The plane crashed into the side of the mountain and burst into flames.
▪ignite /ɪɡˈnaɪt/ technical if a chemical or gas ignites, it starts burning: The compound ignites at 450 degrees Celsius. | Scientists could not explain why the gas had suddenly ignited.
■ to burn something
▪burn to damage or destroy something with fire or heat: She lit a fire and burned his letters one by one.
▪set fire to something (also set something on fire ) to make something start burning so that it gets damaged: Vandals set fire to an empty warehouse. | Teresa wondered if the burning log might set fire to the curtains. | The Vikings attacked villages along the coast and set them on fire. | Sparks from the fireplace could easily set the curtains on fire.
▪scorch to damage the surface of something by burning it so that a dark mark is left on it: Having the iron on a very high heat can scorch the fabric. | The heater was left on all night and it scorched the wall.
▪singe /sɪndʒ/ to damage hair, wool, paper etc by burning it slightly so that the ends or edges are burnt: The flames were hot enough to singe your eyebrows.
▪scald to burn your skin with very hot liquid or steam: The coffee was so hot it nearly scalded his tongue. | It’s easy to knock a pan off the stove and scald yourself. | He was scalded by steam escaping from the broken pipe.
▪ignite technical to make something start to burn, especially something that burns easily such as a gas or chemical: The gas is ignited by an electrical spark. | It appears he threw away a lit cigarette which ignited the petrol spilt on the ground.
■ to make something stop burning
▪put out to make something such as a fire, cigarette, or candle stop burning: It took firefighters four hours to put out the blaze. | She threw sand on the fire to put it out. | I put out my cigarette and went back into the house.
▪extinguish /ɪkˈstɪŋɡwɪʃ/ formal to make something such as a fire, cigarette, or candle stop burning: He managed to extinguish the flames with his coat. | Customers who smoke will be asked to extinguish their cigarettes or leave the premises.
▪blow out to make a flame or fire stop burning by blowing on it: He blew out the candle and went to sleep. | The wind blew out the fire.
burn away phrasal verb
if something burns away or is burned away, it is destroyed by fire
burn something ↔ away
All her hair had been burnt away.
burn down phrasal verb
1. if a building burns down or is burned down, it is destroyed by fire:
She was worried that the house might burn down while they were away.
burn something ↔ down
The old town hall was burnt down in the 1970s.
2. if a fire burns down, the flames become weaker and it produces less heat
burn something ↔ off phrasal verb
1. to remove something by burning it:
You can use a blowlamp to burn off the old paint.
2. to use energy that is stored in your body by doing physical exercise:
I decided to go for a run to try and burn off a few calories.
burn out phrasal verb
1. if a fire burns out or burns itself out, it stops burning because there is no coal, wood etc left:
He left the fire to burn itself out.
2. be burnt out if a building or vehicle is burnt out, the inside of it is destroyed by fire:
The hotel was completely burnt out. Only the walls remained.
We passed several burnt out cars.
3. burn something ↔ out to remove something by burning it:
The cancer cells are burnt out using a laser beam.
4. to work so hard over a period of time that you become unable to continue working because you are tired, ill, or unable to think of any new ideas:
It’s a high-pressure job and you could burn out young.
be/get burnt out
He was almost burnt out by the time he was 21.
burn yourself out
She’s in danger of burning herself out. ⇨ burnout(1)
5. if an engine or electric wire burns out or is burnt out, it stops working because it has been damaged by getting too hot:
The plugs are wired so that if one burns out, the others will still start the engine.
burn something ↔ out
I think you’ve burnt out one of the gaskets.
6. if a rocket or jet burns out, it stops working because all its fuel has been used ⇨ burnout(2)
burn up phrasal verb
1. if something burns up or is burnt up, it is completely destroyed by fire or heat:
The satellite will burn up as it re-enters the Earth’s atmosphere.
burn something ↔ up
Most of the woodland has now been burnt up.
2. burn something ↔ up informal to use a lot of something in a careless way:
Most household appliances burn up loads of electricity.
He just burns up money!
3. be burning up spoken if someone is burning up, they are very hot, usually because they are ill:
Feel his forehead – he’s burning up.
4. burn somebody up American English informal to make someone very angry:
The way he treats her really burns me up.
5. burn something ↔ up to use energy that is stored in your body, by being physically active:
As we get older, our body becomes less efficient at burning up calories.
burn2 S3 noun [countable]1. an injury caused by fire, heat, the light of the sun, or acid:
His body was covered in cigarette burns.
severe/serious burns
She was taken to the hospital with serious burns.
Several of the survivors suffered severe burns.
She is being treated for minor burns.
2. a mark on something caused by fire or heat:
The desk was covered with graffiti and burn marks.
3. a painful mark on the skin caused by it rubbing hard against something rough
4. the burn informal a painful hot feeling in your muscles when you exercise a lot:
Go for the burn.
5. British English a small stream
| I |
verb (past tense and past participle burnt /bɜːnt $ bɜːrnt/ or burned) Language: Old English
Origin: byrnan 'to burn' and bærnan 'to cause to burn'
1. PRODUCE FLAMES AND HEAT [intransitive]Origin: byrnan 'to burn' and bærnan 'to cause to burn'
a. if a fire burns, it produces heat and flames:
b. if something is burning, it is producing flames and being damaged or destroyed by fire:
2. DESTROY SOMETHING WITH FIRE [transitive] to destroy or damage something with fire:
3. INJURE/KILL SOMEBODY WITH FIRE [transitive] to hurt yourself or someone else with fire or something hot:
4. SUN [intransitive and transitive] if the sun burns your skin, or if your skin burns, it becomes red and painful from the heat of the sun ⇨ sunburn:
5. FOOD [intransitive and transitive] to spoil food by cooking it for too long, or to become spoiled in this way:
burn something to a crisp/cinder
6. CHEMICALS [transitive] to damage or destroy something by a chemical action:
7. FUEL [intransitive and transitive] if you burn a fuel, or if it burns, it is used to produce power, heat, light etc:
8. FAT/ENERGY [transitive] if you burn fat or CALORIES, you use up energy stored in your body by being physically active:
9. LIGHT [intransitive] if a light or lamp burns, it shines or produces light:
10. FEEL HOT AND PAINFUL [intransitive and transitive] if a part of your body burns, or if something burns it, it feels unpleasantly hot:
11. FACE/CHEEKS [intransitive] if your face or cheeks are burning, they feel hot because you are embarrassed or upset:
12. CD [transitive] if you burn a CD or DVD, you record music, images, or other information onto it using special computer equipment
13. be burning with rage/desire etc to feel a particular emotion very strongly:
14. be burning to do something to want to do or find out something very much:
15. be/get burned informal
a. to be emotionally hurt by someone or something:
b. to lose a lot of money:
16. burn your fingers/get your fingers burned informal to suffer the unpleasant results of something that you have done:
17. burn a hole in your pocket if money burns a hole in your pocket, you want to spend it as soon as you can
18. burn your bridges/boats informal to do something with the result that you will not be able to return to a previous situation again, even if you want to:
19. burn the candle at both ends informal to get very tired by doing things until very late at night and getting up early in the mornings
20. burn the midnight oil informal to work or study until late at night
21. it burns somebody that/how etc American English used to say that something makes someone feel angry or jealous:
22. GO FAST [intransitive always + adverb/preposition] informal to travel very fast
burn along/up etc
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■ to start burning
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■ to burn something
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burn away phrasal verb
if something burns away or is burned away, it is destroyed by fire
burn something ↔ away
burn down phrasal verb
1. if a building burns down or is burned down, it is destroyed by fire:
burn something ↔ down
2. if a fire burns down, the flames become weaker and it produces less heat
burn something ↔ off phrasal verb
1. to remove something by burning it:
2. to use energy that is stored in your body by doing physical exercise:
burn out phrasal verb
1. if a fire burns out or burns itself out, it stops burning because there is no coal, wood etc left:
2. be burnt out if a building or vehicle is burnt out, the inside of it is destroyed by fire:
3. burn something ↔ out to remove something by burning it:
4. to work so hard over a period of time that you become unable to continue working because you are tired, ill, or unable to think of any new ideas:
be/get burnt out
burn yourself out
5. if an engine or electric wire burns out or is burnt out, it stops working because it has been damaged by getting too hot:
burn something ↔ out
6. if a rocket or jet burns out, it stops working because all its fuel has been used ⇨ burnout(2)
burn up phrasal verb
1. if something burns up or is burnt up, it is completely destroyed by fire or heat:
burn something ↔ up
2. burn something ↔ up informal to use a lot of something in a careless way:
3. be burning up spoken if someone is burning up, they are very hot, usually because they are ill:
4. burn somebody up American English informal to make someone very angry:
5. burn something ↔ up to use energy that is stored in your body, by being physically active:
| II |
noun [countable]1. an injury caused by fire, heat, the light of the sun, or acid: severe/serious burns
2. a mark on something caused by fire or heat:
3. a painful mark on the skin caused by it rubbing hard against something rough
4. the burn informal a painful hot feeling in your muscles when you exercise a lot:
5. British English a small stream
burn to damage, injure, destroy or kill sb/sth with fire, heat or acid; to be damaged, etc. by fire, heat or acid 指烧（或灼）坏、烧（或灼）伤、烧（或灼）死 ：◆ She burned all his letters. 她把他的信全部付之一炬。 ◆ The house burned down in 1995.那所房子在 1995 年烧毁了。 char [ 指（使）烧黑、烧焦 ：◆ The bodies had been charred beyond recognition. 这些尸体已烧焦，无法辨认。 scald to burn part of your body with very hot liquid or steam 指被高温液体或气体烫伤 scorch to burn and slightly damage a surface by making it too hot 指把物体表面烫坏、烧煳、烤焦 ：◆ I scorched my dress when I was ironing it. 我把自己的连衣裙熨焦了。 singe to burn the surface of sth slightly, usually by mistake; to be burnt in this way 尤指不小心把物体表面烤焦、烫煳 ：◆ He singed his hair as he tried to light his cigarette. 他点烟时把头发给燎了。
scorch or singe? 用 scorch 还是 singe？
Things are scorched by heat or fire. Things can only besinged by fire or a flame.* scorch 指高温烫坏或火烧煳；singe 仅指火或火舌烧焦。
Patterns
to burn/scald yourself/your hand to burn/scorch/singe your hair/clothes burnt out/charred/scorched remains/ruins/buildings
hurt (of part of your body) to feel painful; (of an action) to cause pain 指（身体部位）感到疼痛、（某一动作）引起疼痛 ：◆ My feet hurt. 我脚疼。 ◆ Ouch! That hurt! 哎哟！好疼！ ache to feel a continuous dull pain 指疼痛、隐痛 ：◆ I'm aching all over. 我周身疼痛。 burn (of part of your body) to feel very hot and painful 指（身体部位）火辣辣地痛、发烫 ：◆ Our eyes were burning from the chemicals in the air. 空气中弥漫的化学物质熏得我们的眼睛火辣辣地痛。 sting to make sb feel a sharp burning pain or uncomfortable feeling in part of their body; (of part of your body) to feel this pain 指（使）身体部位感觉刺痛、灼痛 ：◆ My eyes were stinging from the smoke. 烟熏得我眼睛痛。 tingle (of part of your body) to feel as if a lot of small sharp points are pushing into the skin there 指（身体部位）感到刺痛 ：◆ The cold air made her face tingle. 冷空气冻得她的脸发痛。 itch to have an uncomfortable feeling on your skin that makes you want to scratch; to make your skin feel like this 指（使）皮肤发痒 ：◆ I itch all over. 我浑身痒。 ◆ Does the rash itch? 皮疹痒吗？ throb (of part of your body) to feel pain as a series of regular beats 指（身体部位）有规律地抽动、抽痛 ：◆ His head throbbed painfully. 他的头一抽一跳地痛。
Patterns
your eyes hurt/ache/burn/sting/itchyour skin hurts/burns/stings/tingles/itchesyour flesh hurts/burns/stings/tinglesyour head hurts/aches/throbsyour stomach hurts/achesto really hurt/ache/burn/sting/tingle/itch/throbto hurt/ache/sting/itch badly/a lot It hurts/stings/tingles/itches.
also
