calculation
Word family
Longman Dictionary of Contemporary English 5++LDOCE 5++cal·cu·la·tion /ˌkælkjəˈleɪʃən/ ●●○ noun 1 [countable usually plural, uncountable]COUNT/CALCULATE when you use numbers in order to find out an amount, price, or value 计算 Dee looked at the bill and made some rapid calculations. 迪看了看账单，很快地算了算。by somebody’s/some/many calculations By some calculations, the population will reach eight million soon. 据一些人估算，人口很快将达到八百万。2 [countable, uncountable]CAREFUL careful planning in order to get what you want, especially without caring about the effects on other people 算计，自私的打算 → miscalculation political calculation 政治算计3. [uncountable] when you think carefully about what the probable results will be if you do something 估计，推断，预测 → miscalculation COLLOCATIONSverbsdo/make a calculation 计算The children should be able to do that calculation in their heads. 孩子们应该能够心算出来。perform a calculation formal (=do one) 进行计算Computers can perform calculations very quickly. 计算机可以大法官快速地进行计算。adjectivesa simple calculation 简单的计算A simple calculation will show that these figures are incorrect. 随便算一算就知道这些数据是不对的。a rough calculation (=not very detailed or exact) 粗略的计算I made a few rough calculations of how much it would cost. 我粗略地计算了一下这需要多少钱。a quick/rapid calculation 快速的计算He did a rapid calculation. 他快速地算了一下。a detailed calculation 详细的计算Your report must be supported by detailed calculations. 你的报告必须依靠详尽的计算支持。complex calculations 复杂的计算Computers can be used to handle complex calculations. 计算机可用于处理复杂的计算。mathematical calculations 数学计算npages of mathematical calculationssomebody's calculations are right/correct/accurate 某人的计算是正确的Fortunately his calculations were accurate. 幸好他的计算是精确的。somebody's calculations are wrong/inaccurate 某人的计算是错误的Some of our calculations were wrong. 我们的某些计算结果是错误的。Examples from the Corpus
calculation• Mickey sat at the kitchen table doing calculations on a scratch pad.• The tape will keep running back and forth through the device so long as further calculations need to be performed.• Now his calculations were for naught.• In contrast Stanley's usually made the inspired calculations of a good invitation side out for a scoring spree.• Once all the necessary calculations have been made the experiment can proceed.• The methods of calculation for the Cornfield confidence intervals and the population and relative attributable risks are given by Breslow and Day.• This type of calculation would take several hours without a computer.• According to Skogström, the charging structure is still based on calculations for commercial vessels.• According to our calculations, 2000 jobs will be lost.• Leibniz plans a system of characters capable of such precise calculation that mental error would be equivalent to an error of computation.by somebody’s/some/many calculations• About $ 3 by our calculations.• Estimates of world oil reserves have increased steadily since the 1970s, more than doubling by some calculations.• Such factors required rectifying by the appropriate calculations.cal·cu·la·tion noun →COLLOCATIONS1LDOCE OnlineChineseSyllable
Corpus use find in you order out when numbers to
calculation
cal‧cu‧la‧tion S2 /ˌkælkjəˈleɪʃən, ˌkælkjʊˈleɪʃən/
noun
Dee looked at the bill and made some rapid calculations.
by sb’s/some/many calculations
By some calculations, the population will reach eight million soon.
2. [uncountable and countable] careful planning in order to get what you want, especially without caring about the effects on other people ⇨ miscalculation:
political calculation
3. [uncountable] when you think carefully about what the probable results will be if you do something ⇨ miscalculation
■ verbs
▪do/make a calculation The children should be able to do that calculation in their heads.
▪perform a calculation formal (=do one) Computers can perform calculations very quickly.
■ adjectives
▪a simple calculation A simple calculation will show that these figures are incorrect.
▪a rough calculation (=not very detailed or exact) I made a few rough calculations of how much it would cost.
▪a quick/rapid calculation He did a rapid calculation.
▪a detailed calculation Your report must be supported by detailed calculations.
▪complex calculations Computers can be used to handle complex calculations.
▪mathematical calculations pages of mathematical calculations
▪somebody's calculations are right/correct/accurate Fortunately his calculations were accurate.
▪somebody's calculations are wrong/inaccurate Some of our calculations were wrong.
cal‧cu‧la‧tion S2 /ˌkælkjəˈleɪʃən, ˌkælkjʊˈleɪʃən/
noun Word Family: adjective: calculable ≠ incalculable, calculated, calculating; noun: calculation, calculator; verb: calculate; adverb: calculatedly
1. [countable usually plural, uncountable] when you use numbers in order to find out an amount, price, or value: by sb’s/some/many calculations
2. [uncountable and countable] careful planning in order to get what you want, especially without caring about the effects on other people ⇨ miscalculation:
3. [uncountable] when you think carefully about what the probable results will be if you do something ⇨ miscalculation
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Theory 理论
formulate/advance a theory/hypothesis创立理论；提出假设 build/construct/create/develop a simple/theoretical/mathematical model创立一个简单／理论／数学模型 develop/establish/provide/use a theoretical/conceptual framework创立／建立／提供／使用理论／概念框架 advance/argue/develop the thesis that…提出／论证／详尽阐述…的论题 explore an idea/a concept/a hypothesis探讨一个想法／概念／假设 make a prediction/an inference预测；推断 base a prediction/your calculations on sth基于…做出预测／估算 investigate/evaluate/accept/challenge/reject a theory/hypothesis/model研究／评估／接受／质疑／拒绝接受一个理论／假设／模型
Experiment 实验
design an experiment/a questionnaire/a study/a test设计一项实验／问卷／研究／测试 do research/an experiment/an analysis做研究／实验／分析 make observations/measurements/calculations观察；测量；计算 carry out/conduct/perform an experiment/a test/a longitudinal study/observations/clinical trials进行实验／测试／纵向研究／观察／临床试验 run an experiment/a simulation/clinical trials进行实验／模拟／临床试验 repeat an experiment/a test/an analysis重做实验／测试／分析 replicate a study/the results/the findings做相同的研究；得出同样的结果／调查结果 observe/study/examine/investigate/assess a pattern/a process/a behaviour/( a behaviorespecially
观察／研究／审查／调查／评估一种模式／一个过程／一种行为 fund/support the research/project/study资助／支持研究／项目／专题研究 seek/provide/get/secure funding for research寻求／提供／得到／争取到研究资金
Results 结果
collect/gather/extract data/information收集／提取数据／信息 yield data/evidence/similar findings/the same results得到数据／证据／类似调查结果／相同结果 analyse/examine the data/soil samples/a specimen分析／考查数据／土壤样本／样本 consider/compare/interpret the results/findings思考／比较／解释结果／调查结果 fit the data/model与数据／模型相符合 confirm/support/verify a prediction/a hypothesis/the results/the findings证实／支持／核实预测／假设／结果／调查结果 prove a conjecture/hypothesis/theorem证明猜测／假设／定理 draw/make/reach the same conclusions得出同样的结论 read/review the records/literature阅读／评论记录／文献 describe/report an experiment/a study描述／报告一项实验／研究 present/publish/summarize the results/findings提交／公布／总结结果／调查结果 present/publish/read/review/cite a paper in a scientific journal向科学杂志提交一篇论文；在科学杂志发表一篇论文；阅读／评论／引用科学杂志上的一篇论文