cold
Longman Dictionary of Contemporary English 5++LDOCE 5++cold1 /kəʊld $ koʊld/ ●●● S1 W1 adjective (comparative colder, superlative coldest) 1 OBJECTS/SURFACES/LIQUIDS/ROOMS ETCCOLDobjects/surfaces/liquids/rooms 物体/表面/液体/房间 something that is cold has a low temperature 冷的，寒冷的 ，冰凉的 OPP hot → coldness She splashed her face with cold water. 她往脸上泼冷水。 a blast of cold air 一股冷空气 We slept on the cold ground. 我们睡在冰冷的地上。 The house felt cold and empty. 屋子里感觉很冷，空荡荡的。ice/stone/freezing cold (=very cold) 非常冷，冰冷 The radiator is stone cold; isn’t the heating working? 暖气片冰凉冰凉的，是不是暖气停了？go/get cold (=become cold) 变冷 My tea’s gone cold. 我的茶已经凉了。 Come and eat or your dinner will get cold! 过来吃饭吧，要不饭菜就凉了！2 WEATHERCOLDweather 天气 when there is cold weather, the temperature of the air is very low 冷的，寒冷的 OPP hot → coldness It was so cold this morning I had to scrape the ice off my windshield. 今天早晨太冷了，我不得不把挡风玻璃上的冰刮掉。 The day was bitterly cold. 这天天气严寒。 The hut sheltered her from the cold wind. 这棚屋为她遮挡了寒风。cold winter/evening/January etc the coldest winter on record 有史以来最冷的一个冬天cold out/outside It was raining and freezing cold outside. 外面在下雨，非常寒冷。 The weather gets colder around the middle of October. 10 月中旬时天气开始转冷。turn/grow cold (=become cold or colder, especially suddenly) 〔尤指突然〕变冷 The nights grew colder. 夜里开始变得更冷了。3 be/feel/look/get cold COLDif you are cold, your body is at a low temperature 很冷/感到冷/看起来冷/变冷 Could you turn up the heater, I’m cold. 你能把取暖器打开吗？我很冷。 I feel so cold! 我觉得冷极了！ My feet are as cold as ice (=very cold). 我双脚冰冷。4 FOOD EATEN COLDEATfood 食物 cold food is cooked but not eaten hot 冷的，凉的 a plate of cold meats 一盘冷肉 a cold buffet 自助冷餐 Serve the potatoes cold. 把土豆凉着端上来。5 LACKING FEELINGEMOTIONALlacking feeling 缺乏情感 unfriendly or lacking normal human feelings such as sympathy, pity, humour etc 冷漠的，冷酷的 OPP warm → coldly, coldness Martin was really cold towards me at the party. 马丁在聚会上对我非常冷淡。 His voice was as cold as ice. 他的声音冷冰冰的。 She gave him a cold stare. 她冷冷地瞪了他一眼。 a cold calculated murder 一起冷血的蓄意谋杀► see thesaurus at unfriendly6 get/have cold feet informalBRAVE# to suddenly feel that you are not brave enough to do something you planned to do 临阵退缩，胆怯7. give somebody the cold shoulder informalIGNORE to deliberately ignore someone or be unfriendly to them, especially because they have upset or offended you 故意冷落某人，冷待某人8 LIGHT/COLOURCOLOUR/COLORlight/colour 光线/颜色 a cold colour or light reminds you of things that are cold 给人冷感的，冷的 OPP warm → coldness9 in the cold light of day in the morning, when you can think clearly or see something clearly 在头脑清醒时的早晨；在天光大亮的早上10. cold (hard) cash MONEY American English money in the form of paper money and coins rather than cheques or credit cards 现款，现金11 leave somebody cold INTERESTEDto not feel interested in or affected by something in any way 无法引起某人的兴趣；未打动某人12. take/need a cold shower SEX/HAVE SEX WITHused humorously to say that someone is sexually excited and the cold water will stop them feeling that way 需要冲个冷水澡〔幽默用法，指某人有性冲动〕13 somebody’s trail/scent is cold TRAIL/SCENTLONG TIMEused to say that you cannot find someone because it has been too long since they passed or lived in a particular place 某人已经踪迹全无14 GAMEDGin games 在游戏中 [not before noun] used in children’s games, to say that someone is far away from the hidden object or answer they are trying to find 〔儿童游戏中〕远离隐藏物的；离猜中差得远的15 cold facts facts without anything added to make them more pleasant or interesting 客观的事实16. cold steel literaryWEAPON a weapon such as a knife or sword 冷兵器，利器〔如刀、剑等〕 → in cold blood at blood1(3), → cold fish at fish1(8), → blow hot and cold at blow1(21), → cold comfort at comfort1(7), → pour cold water over/on at pour(6), → a cold sweat at sweat2(3) COLLOCATIONS – Meaning 2: when there is cold weather, the temperature of the air is very low 冷的，寒冷的ncold + NOUNcold weatherMore cold weather is expected later this week.a cold night/dayIt was a cold night with a starlit sky.a cold winterA cold winter will increase oil consumption.a cold windA cold wind was blowing from the north.a cold spell (=a period of cold weather, especially a short one)We’re currently going through a bit of a cold spell.a cold snap (=a short period of very cold weather)There had been a sudden cold snap just after Christmas.nadverbsfreezing/icy coldTake your gloves – it’s freezing cold out there.bitterly cold (=very cold)The winter of 1921 was bitterly cold.unusually/exceptionally colda period of unusually cold weatherquite/pretty coldIt’s going to be quite cold today.cold out/outsideIt’s too cold out – I’m staying at home.verbsnbecome cold (also get cold informal)In my country, it never really gets cold.turn/grow cold (=become cold, especially suddenly) 〔尤指突然〕变冷nThe birds fly south before the weather turns cold. THESAURUSperson 人cold used especially when you feel uncomfortable 冷的，冰凉的 冷的〔尤指感到不舒服〕I’m cold – can I borrow a sweater? 我很冷——借件毛衣给我好吗？cool a little cold, especially in a way that feels comfortable 凉爽的，凉快的The air-conditioning keeps everyone cool. 空调让每个人都感到凉爽。freezing (cold) spoken very cold and very uncomfortable 极冷的You look absolutely freezing! 你看上去冷极了！shivery cold and unable to stop shivering, especially because you are ill 冷得发抖的,哆嗦的〔尤因生病〕I felt shivery and had a headache. 我冷得发抖，还头痛。weather 天气cold used especially when you feel uncomfortable 冷的，冰凉的 冷的，寒冷的〔尤指感到不舒服〕It gets very cold here in the winter. 这里的冬天非常冷。cool a little cold, often in a way that feels comfortable 凉爽的，凉快的It’s very hot in the day, but cooler at night. 白天非常热，但夜里凉快一点。a nice cool breeze 凉爽的微风chilly a little cold, but not very cold, in a way that feels rather uncomfortable 微冷的，有寒意的a chilly autumn day 一个清冷的秋日It’s a bit chilly. 有点寒意。freezing (cold) spoken very cold and very uncomfortable 极冷的It’s freezing outside. 外面冷极了。bitterly cold very cold and very uncomfortable 非常寒冷的It can be bitterly cold in the mountains. 山里有时非常寒冷。icy (cold) very cold, especially when the temperature is below zero 冰冷的〔尤指温度在零度以下〕The wind was icy cold. 寒风凛冽。crisp cold, dry, and clear, in a way that seems pleasant 清新凉爽的I love these crisp autumn mornings. 我喜欢秋天里这种清冷的早晨。frosty in frosty weather, the ground is covered in a frozen white powder 霜冻的It was a bright frosty morning. 那天早上，地上结霜，阳光明媚。arctic extremely cold and unpleasant, with snow and ice 极冷的，天寒地冻的He would not survive for long in the arctic conditions. 他在这冰天雪地的环境里活不了很久。arctic weather 严寒的天气room 房间cold used especially when you feel uncomfortable 冷的，冰凉的 冷的，寒冷的〔尤指感到不舒服〕It’s cold in here. 这里很冷。cool a little cold, especially in a way that feels comfortable 凉爽的，凉快的Let’s go inside where it’s cool. 我们进去吧，里面挺凉快。freezing (cold) spoken very cold 极冷的I had to sleep in a freezing cold room. 我只得睡在一个冰冷的房间里。draughty British English, drafty American English /ˈdrɑːfti $ ˈdræfti/ with cold air blowing in from outside, in a way that feels uncomfortable 通风的，有过堂风的Old houses can be very draughty. 老房子有时风很大。food, liquid, or something you touch 食物、液体或触摸的物品cold 冷的，冰凉的The water’s too cold for swimming. 这水太冷不能游泳。a cold stone floor 冰冷的石头地面cool a little cold, especially in a way that seems pleasant 凉的，凉爽的a nice cool drink 一杯清凉的饮料cool white sheets 让人感觉凉爽的白色被单freezing (cold) very cold 冰冷的His friends pulled him from the freezing water. 他的朋友把他从冰冷的水里拖了上来。chilled food and drinks that are chilled have been deliberately made cold 冷却的，冰镇的a bottle of chilled champagne 一瓶冰镇香槟frozen kept at a temperature which is below zero 冷冻的，冷藏的frozen peas 冷冻豌豆
Examples from the Corpus
cold• He woke up in the middle of the night feeling cold.• I'd hate to live somewhere where it's always cold.• I wanted to swim, but the water was too cold.• By the time I got off the phone, my coffee was stone cold.• Come and sit by the fire. You look cold.• Come eat your dinner before it gets cold.• "He has abused his position, " a cold and angry protester said.• His manner all evening was cold and unfriendly.• How about a nice cold beer?• I think we'll just have a cold buffet.• Dad, I'm cold. Can I put the heater on?• I thought you were supposed to get cold chills on your right leg.• a cold, clear night• It gets really cold here at night.• It's so cold. I wish I was back home in Morocco.• a cold January evening• I want something cold like an ice cream bar.• He waited an hour for the train on a cold platform.• a cold, pragmatic decision• I love being in a warm bed in a cold room.• a cold stone floor• It was a very professional, cold time.• Brewing Clean the white plastic brewing bucket with the sterilising fluid and rinse it thoroughly with cold water.• The first cold winds rattled the windowpane, and I had made it just in time.• You aren't the cold woman you're pretending to be!felt cold• As the flames died down he felt cold air on his face.• Suddenly he felt cold and afraid.• He suddenly felt cold but he could also feel the sweat running down the sides of his face.• Chrissy felt cold even to think about it.• She felt cold night air on her face.• She felt cold suddenly, and pushed everything back into the envelope.• He felt cold, thick fluid being splashed on him.bitterly cold• It was a Friday and bitterly cold.• It was bitterly cold and it was raining.• When morning came, bitterly cold and still dark, she had made up her mind.• He wrote that it was not as he had pictured it as the weather was bitterly cold and wet with some snow.• I wasn't annoyed except that it was bitterly cold, freezing.• We all know how bitterly cold it is now outside; it is not very cold here, of course.• On the bitterly cold morning of Sunday 13 November 1715 the two armies were woken respectively by bagpipes and trumpets.• It is bitterly cold outside today, but probably not cold enough to trigger the payments.cold2 ●●● S2 W3 noun 1 [countable]MIILLNESS/DISEASE a common illness that makes it difficult to breathe through your nose and often makes your throat hurt 感冒，伤风2 [uncountable] (also the cold)COLD a low temperature or cold weather 冷，寒冷3. come in from the cold ACCEPTto become accepted or recognized, especially by a powerful group of people 被〔团体〕承认[接纳]4 leave somebody out in the cold informalIGNORE to not include someone in an activity 冷落某人，排斥某人 COLLOCATIONSverbshave (got) a cold 得了感冒She’s staying at home today because she’s got a cold. 她今天因感冒待在家里。be getting a cold (=be starting to have a cold) 要感冒了I think I might be getting a cold. 我想我可能要感冒了。catch a cold (=start to have one) 患感冒I caught a cold and had to miss the match. 我患了感冒，只得错过这场比赛。come down with a cold (also go down with a cold British English) informal (=catch one) 得了感冒nA lot of people go down with colds at this time of year.be suffering from a cold formal (=have one) 患上感冒nHe was suffering from a cold and not his usual energetic self.nsuffer from colds formal (=have colds)Some people suffer from more colds than others.ADJECTIVES/NOUN + colda bad cold 重感冒If you have a bad cold, just stay in bed. 如果得了重感冒，就卧床休息。a nasty cold (also a heavy cold British English) (=a bad one) 重感冒He sounded as if he had a heavy cold. 他听上去像得了重感冒。a streaming cold British English (=in which a lot of liquid comes from your nose) 感冒流鼻涕nYou shouldn’t go to work if you’ve got a streaming cold.a slight cold 轻微的感冒nIt’s only a slight cold – I’ll be fine tomorrow.a chest cold (=affecting your chest) 影响胸部的感冒nHe’s coughing all the time with a bad chest cold.a head cold (=affecting your nose and head) 影响头部的感冒nA bad head cold can sometimes feel like flu.nthe common cold formalThere are hundreds of viruses that cause the common cold.Examples from the Corpus
cold• Going on vacation is a lot like getting a cold.• The nighttime cold had a new bite.• After addressing a public meeting in support of extending the franchise to agricultural workers he had caught a severe cold.• Come in out of the cold.• The cold pressed into his rib cage.• Having a parched nose and throat may lower resistance to colds, croup, sinusitis and respiratory problems.cold3 adverb 1 American EnglishSUDDENLY suddenly and completely 突然地，贸然地；完全地，彻底地2 out cold UNCONSCIOUS informal unconscious 不省人事3 READYwithout preparation 无准备地Examples from the Corpus
cold• He looked at me coldly, but said nothing.• The woman coldly told us to mind our own business.• Judy stopped cold, and waited for the laughter to finish.Origin cold1 Old English ceald, caldcold1 adjective →10-16
→COLLOCATIONS1 →THESAURUS1cold2 noun →COLLOCATIONS1cold3 adverbLDOCE OnlineChinese
→COLLOCATIONS1 →THESAURUS1cold2 noun →COLLOCATIONS1cold3 adverbLDOCE OnlineChinese
cold has a something is Corpus that
cold
cold1 S1 W1 /kəʊld $ koʊld/ 
adjective (comparative colder, superlative coldest)
OPP hot ⇨ coldness:
She splashed her face with cold water.
a blast of cold air
We slept on the cold ground.
The house felt cold and empty.
ice/stone/freezing cold (=very cold)
The radiator is stone cold; isn’t the heating working?
go/get cold (=become cold)
My tea’s gone cold.
Come and eat or your dinner will get cold__
2. WEATHER when there is cold weather, the temperature of the air is very low
OPP hot ⇨ coldness:
It was so cold this morning I had to scrape the ice off my windshield.
The day was bitterly cold.
The hut sheltered her from the cold wind.
cold winter/evening/January etc
the coldest winter on record
cold out/outside
It was raining and freezing cold outside.
The weather gets colder around the middle of October.
turn/grow cold (=become cold or colder, especially suddenly)
The nights grew colder.
3. be/feel/look/get cold if you are cold, your body is at a low temperature:
Could you turn up the heater, I’m cold.
I feel so cold__
My feet are as cold as ice (=very cold).
4. FOOD cold food is cooked but not eaten hot:
a plate of cold meats
a cold buffet
Serve the potatoes cold.
5. LACKING FEELING unfriendly or lacking normal human feelings such as sympathy, pity, humour etc
OPP warm ⇨ coldly, coldness:
Martin was really cold towards me at the party.
His voice was as cold as ice.
She gave him a cold stare.
a cold calculated murder
6. get/have cold feet informal to suddenly feel that you are not brave enough to do something you planned to do:
The plan failed after sponsors got cold feet.
7. give somebody the cold shoulder informal to deliberately ignore someone or be unfriendly to them, especially because they have upset or offended you
8. LIGHT/COLOUR a cold colour or light reminds you of things that are cold
OPP warm ⇨ coldness:
the cold light of a fluorescent tube
9. in the cold light of day in the morning, when you can think clearly or see something clearly:
The house seemed less threatening in the cold light of day.
10. cold (hard) cash American English money in the form of paper money and coins rather than cheques or credit cards
11. leave somebody cold to not feel interested in or affected by something in any way:
Opera left him cold.
12. take/need a cold shower used humorously to say that someone is sexually excited and the cold water will stop them feeling that way
13. sb’s trail/scent is cold used to say that you cannot find someone because it has been too long since they passed or lived in a particular place:
I tracked the boy as far as the factory, but there his trail went cold.
14. IN GAMES [not before noun] used in children’s games, to say that someone is far away from the hidden object or answer they are trying to find:
You’re getting colder__
15. cold facts facts without anything added to make them more pleasant or interesting:
Statistics can be merely cold facts.
16. cold steel literary a weapon such as a knife or sword
⇨ in cold blood at blood1(3), ⇨ cold fish at fish1(8), ⇨ blow hot and cold at blow1(21), ⇨ cold comfort at comfort1(7), ⇨ pour cold water over/on at pour(6), ⇨ a cold sweat at sweat2(4)
■ cold + NOUN
▪cold weather More cold weather is expected later this week.
▪a cold night/day It was a cold night with a starlit sky.
▪a cold winter A cold winter will increase oil consumption.
▪a cold wind A cold wind was blowing from the north.
▪a cold spell (=a period of cold weather, especially a short one) We’re currently going through a bit of a cold spell.
▪a cold snap (=a short period of very cold weather) There had been a sudden cold snap just after Christmas.
■ adverbs
▪freezing/icy cold Take your gloves – it’s freezing cold out there.
▪bitterly cold (=very cold) The winter of 1921 was bitterly cold.
▪unusually/exceptionally cold a period of unusually cold weather
▪quite/pretty cold It’s going to be quite cold today.
▪cold out/outside It’s too cold out – I’m staying at home.
■ verbs
▪become cold (also get cold informal) In my country, it never really gets cold.
▪turn/grow cold (=become cold, especially suddenly) The birds fly south before the weather turns cold.
■ person
▪cold used especially when you feel uncomfortable: I’m cold – can I borrow a sweater?
▪cool a little cold, especially in a way that feels comfortable: The air-conditioning keeps everyone cool.
▪freezing (cold) spoken very cold and very uncomfortable: You look absolutely freezing__
▪shivery cold and unable to stop shivering, especially because you are ill: I felt shivery and had a headache.
■ weather
▪cold used especially when you feel uncomfortable: It gets very cold here in the winter.
▪cool a little cold, often in a way that feels comfortable: It’s very hot in the day, but cooler at night. | a nice cool breeze
▪chilly a little cold, but not very cold, in a way that feels rather uncomfortable: a chilly autumn day | It’s a bit chilly.
▪freezing (cold) spoken very cold and very uncomfortable: It’s freezing outside.
▪bitterly cold very cold and very uncomfortable: It can be bitterly cold in the mountains.
▪icy (cold) very cold, especially when the temperature is below zero: The wind was icy cold.
▪crisp cold, dry, and clear, in a way that seems pleasant: I love these crisp autumn mornings.
▪frosty in frosty weather, the ground is covered in a frozen white powder: It was a bright frosty morning.
▪arctic extremely cold and unpleasant, with snow and ice: He would not survive for long in the arctic conditions. | arctic weather
■ room
▪cold used especially when you feel uncomfortable: It’s cold in here.
▪cool a little cold, especially in a way that feels comfortable: Let’s go inside where it’s cool.
▪freezing (cold) spoken very cold: I had to sleep in a freezing cold room.
▪draughty British English, drafty American English /ˈdrɑːfti $ ˈdræfti/ with cold air blowing in from outside, in a way that feels uncomfortable: Old houses can be very draughty.
■ food, liquid, or something you touch
▪cold : The water’s too cold for swimming. | a cold stone floor
▪cool a little cold, especially in a way that seems pleasant: a nice cool drink | cool white sheets
▪freezing (cold) very cold: His friends pulled him from the freezing water.
▪chilled food and drinks that are chilled have been deliberately made cold: a bottle of chilled champagne
▪frozen kept at a temperature which is below zero: frozen peas
cold2 noun
1. [countable] a common illness that makes it difficult to breathe through your nose and often makes your throat hurt:
I’ve got a bad cold.
Keep your feet dry so you don’t catch a cold. ⇨ common cold
2. [uncountable] (also the cold) a low temperature or cold weather:
I was shivering with cold.
Don’t go out in the cold without your coat__
you’ll catch your death of cold British English (=used to warn someone that they may become very ill if they do not keep themselves warm in cold weather)
3. come in from the cold to become accepted or recognized, especially by a powerful group of people
4. leave somebody out in the cold informal to not include someone in an activity:
He chose to favour us one at a time and the others were left out in the cold.
■ verbs
▪have (got) a cold She’s staying at home today because she’s got a cold.
▪be getting a cold (=be starting to have a cold) I think I might be getting a cold.
▪catch a cold (=start to have one) I caught a cold and had to miss the match.
▪come down with a cold (also go down with a cold British English) informal (=catch one) A lot of people go down with colds at this time of year.
▪be suffering from a cold formal (=have one) He was suffering from a cold and not his usual energetic self.
▪suffer from colds formal (=have colds) Some people suffer from more colds than others.
■ ADJECTIVES/NOUN + cold
▪a bad cold If you have a bad cold, just stay in bed.
▪a nasty cold (also a heavy cold British English) (=a bad one) He sounded as if he had a heavy cold.
▪a streaming cold British English (=in which a lot of liquid comes from your nose) You shouldn’t go to work if you’ve got a streaming cold.
▪a slight cold It’s only a slight cold – I’ll be fine tomorrow.
▪a chest cold (=affecting your chest) He’s coughing all the time with a bad chest cold.
▪a head cold (=affecting your nose and head) A bad head cold can sometimes feel like flu.
▪the common cold formal There are hundreds of viruses that cause the common cold.
cold3 adverb
1. American English suddenly and completely:
Paul stopped cold. ‘What was that noise?’
2. out cold informal unconscious:
He drank until he was out cold.
You were knocked out cold (=hit on the head so that you became unconscious).
3. without preparation:
I can’t just get up there and make a speech cold!
| I |
adjective (comparative colder, superlative coldest) Language: Old English
Origin: ceald, cald
1. OBJECTS/SURFACES/LIQUIDS/ROOMS something that is cold has a low temperature Origin: ceald, cald
OPP hot ⇨ coldness:
ice/stone/freezing cold (=very cold)
go/get cold (=become cold)
2. WEATHER when there is cold weather, the temperature of the air is very low
OPP hot ⇨ coldness:
cold winter/evening/January etc
cold out/outside
turn/grow cold (=become cold or colder, especially suddenly)
3. be/feel/look/get cold if you are cold, your body is at a low temperature:
4. FOOD cold food is cooked but not eaten hot:
5. LACKING FEELING unfriendly or lacking normal human feelings such as sympathy, pity, humour etc
OPP warm ⇨ coldly, coldness:
6. get/have cold feet informal to suddenly feel that you are not brave enough to do something you planned to do:
7. give somebody the cold shoulder informal to deliberately ignore someone or be unfriendly to them, especially because they have upset or offended you
8. LIGHT/COLOUR a cold colour or light reminds you of things that are cold
OPP warm ⇨ coldness:
9. in the cold light of day in the morning, when you can think clearly or see something clearly:
10. cold (hard) cash American English money in the form of paper money and coins rather than cheques or credit cards
11. leave somebody cold to not feel interested in or affected by something in any way:
12. take/need a cold shower used humorously to say that someone is sexually excited and the cold water will stop them feeling that way
13. sb’s trail/scent is cold used to say that you cannot find someone because it has been too long since they passed or lived in a particular place:
14. IN GAMES [not before noun] used in children’s games, to say that someone is far away from the hidden object or answer they are trying to find:
15. cold facts facts without anything added to make them more pleasant or interesting:
16. cold steel literary a weapon such as a knife or sword
⇨ in cold blood at blood1(3), ⇨ cold fish at fish1(8), ⇨ blow hot and cold at blow1(21), ⇨ cold comfort at comfort1(7), ⇨ pour cold water over/on at pour(6), ⇨ a cold sweat at sweat2(4)
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noun1. [countable] a common illness that makes it difficult to breathe through your nose and often makes your throat hurt:
2. [uncountable] (also the cold) a low temperature or cold weather:
you’ll catch your death of cold British English (=used to warn someone that they may become very ill if they do not keep themselves warm in cold weather)
3. come in from the cold to become accepted or recognized, especially by a powerful group of people
4. leave somebody out in the cold informal to not include someone in an activity:
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adverb1. American English suddenly and completely:
2. out cold informal unconscious:
3. without preparation:
cold having a temperature that is lower than usual or lower than the human body; (of food or drink) not heated; cooled after being cooked 指寒冷的、冷的，（食物、饮料）凉的、冷的 ：◆ I'm cold. Turn the heating up. 我觉得冷，把暖气温度调高一点。 ◆ Outside it was bitterly cold. 外面非常寒冷。 ◆ a cold wind 寒风 ◆ hot and cold water 热水和凉水 ◆ It's cold chicken for lunch. 午餐有鸡肉冷盘。 cool ( fairly cold, especially in a pleasant wayoften
指凉爽的、凉快的 ：◆ a long cool drink 一大口冷饮 ◆ We found a cool place to sit. 我们找了一个凉快的地方坐下来。 freezing extremely cold; having a temperature below 0° Celsius 指极冷的、冰冻的、冰点以下的 ：◆ It's absolutely freezing outside. 外面冷得不得了。 ◆ I'm freezing! 我要冻僵了！ chilly ( too cold to be comfortablerather
指寒冷的、阴冷的 ：◆ Bring a coat. It might turn chilly later. 带件大衣，过一会儿天气可能会变冷。 lukewarm ( slightly warm, sometimes in an unpleasant wayoften
指微温的、不冷不热的、温吞的 ：◆ Her coffee was now lukewarm. 她的咖啡变得微温。 tepid ( slightly warm, sometimes in an unpleasant wayoften
指微温的、不冷不热的、温吞的 ：◆ a jug of tepid water 一壶温水
lukewarm or tepid? 用 lukewarm 还是 tepid？
There is really no difference in meaning or use between these words. 以上两词在含义和用法上无实际区别。
Patterns
to feel/get cold/cool/chillycold/cool/freezing/chilly air/weather a cold/cool/freezing/chilly wind cold/cool/freezing/lukewarm/tepid water a cold/cool/lukewarm/tepid shower/bath cold/lukewarm/tepid tea/coffee/food a cold/cool drink It's cold/chilly/freezing outside.
Becoming ill 生病
catch a cold/an infectious disease/the flu/( flu/pneumonia/a virus/BrE ( a bug染上感冒／传染病／流感／肺炎／病毒／小毛病 get ( ill/BrE ( sick/a disease/AIDS/breast cancer/a cold/the flu/NAmE ( flu/a migraineBrE 患病／艾滋病／乳腺癌／感冒／流感／偏头痛 come down with a cold/the flu/( fluBrE 得了感冒／流感 contract a deadly disease/a serious illness/HIV/AIDS感染致命疾病／严重疾病／艾滋病病毒／艾滋病 be infected with a virus/a parasite/HIV受病毒／寄生虫／艾滋病病毒感染 develop cancer/diabetes/a rash/an ulcer/symptoms of hepatitis患上癌症／糖尿病／皮疹／溃疡；出现肝炎症状 have a heart attack/a stroke心脏病／中风发作 provoke/trigger/produce an allergic reaction引起／产生过敏反应 block/burst/rupture a blood vessel使血管阻塞／破裂 damage/sever a nerve/an artery/a tendon损伤／切断神经／动脉／肌腱
Being ill 病了
feel ( ill/sick/nauseous/queasyBrE 感到不适／想吐／恶心 be running ( a temperature/BrE ( a feverNAmE 发烧 have a head cold/diabetes/heart disease/lung cancer/a headache/( a high temperature/BrE ( a feverNAmE 患伤风感冒／糖尿病／心脏病／肺癌；头痛；发烧 suffer from asthma/malnutrition/frequent headaches/bouts of depression/a mental disorder患哮喘／营养不良症／经常性头痛／多发性抑郁症／精神错乱 be laid up with/ ( BrE be in bed with a cold/the flu/( flu/a migraineBrE 因感冒／流感／偏头痛而卧床休息 nurse a cold/a headache/a hangover调治感冒／头痛／宿醉 battle/fight cancer/depression/addiction/alcoholism与癌症／抑郁症作斗争；戒瘾；戒酒
Treatments 治疗
examine a patient给病人做检查 diagnose a condition/disease/disorder诊断疾病 be diagnosed with cancer/diabetes/schizophrenia诊断为癌症／糖尿病／精神分裂症 prescribe/be given/be on/take drugs/medicine/medication/pills/painkillers/antibiotics开／得到／服用药／药片／止痛药／抗生素 treat sb for cancer/depression/shock治疗某人的癌症／抑郁症／休克 have/undergo an examination/an operation/surgery/a kidney transplant/therapy/chemotherapy/treatment for cancer接受检查／手术／外科手术／肾移植手术／治疗／化疗／癌症治疗 have/be given an injection/( a flu jab/BrE ( a flu shot/a blood transfusion/a scan/an X-rayNAmE 打针；接种流感疫苗；接受输血；做扫描检查；照 X 光 cure a disease/an ailment/cancer/a headache/a patient治疗疾病／病痛／癌症／头痛／病人 prevent the spread of disease/further outbreaks/damage to the lungs防止疾病扩散／疾病进一步爆发／对肺部造成伤害 be vaccinated against the flu/( flu/the measles/BrE ( measles/polio/smallpoxBrE 接种流感／麻疹／小儿麻痹症／天花疫苗 enhance/boost/confer/build immunity to a disease增加对疾病的免疫力