conviction
Longman Dictionary of Contemporary English 5++LDOCE 5++con·vic·tion /kənˈvɪkʃən/ ●○○ noun 1 [countable]BELIEVE a very strong belief or opinion 坚定的信仰[主张]religious/political etc convictions a woman of strong political convictions 一位有坚定政治信念的妇女deep/strong conviction The Dotens have a deep conviction that marriage is for life. 多滕夫妇深信婚姻是一辈子的事。conviction that The students possess the conviction that they can make a difference to their community. 学生们坚信他们能为社区带来变化。2 [uncountable]BELIEVE the feeling of being sure about something and having no doubts 深信；坚信；肯定with/without conviction He was able to say with conviction that he had changed. 他可以肯定地说，他变了。 ‘No, ’ she said, without conviction. “不。”她迟疑地说道。 It was a reasonable explanation, but his voice lacked conviction. 这解释合情合理，只是他的语气不坚定。 It took her so much effort to speak that what she said carried great conviction (=showed she felt sure of what she said). 她费了很大的劲在说，因此说出来的话显得很确定。3 [countable, uncountable]SCTGUILTY a decision in a court of law that someone is guilty of a crime, or the process of proving that someone is guilty 定罪，判罪 OPP acquittal They had no previous convictions. 他们没有前科。 Applicants are checked for criminal convictions. 申请人接受审查是否有过犯罪记录。conviction for This was her third conviction for theft. 这是她第三次被判犯盗窃罪。 the trial and conviction of Jimmy Malone 对吉米•马隆的审讯及定罪 → have the courage of your convictions at courage(2)n COLLOCATIONS – Meaning 3: a decision in a court of law that someone is guilty of a crime, or the process of proving that someone is guiltyADJECTIVES/NOUN + convictiona criminal convictionJason already had a criminal conviction for theft.a murder/manslaughter/fraud etc convictionHe lost his job following a drugs conviction.a previous/prior conviction (=a crime someone was found guilty of in the past)The man had five previous convictions for being drunk and disorderly.a wrongful conviction (=a guilty verdict that was wrong)The trial led to the men's wrongful conviction.verbshave a conviction for somethingYou must declare whether you have any convictions.lead to a convictionThey offered a reward for information leading to the conviction of the killer.obtain/secure a conviction (=make someone be found guilty)The prosecution had obtained a conviction based on false evidence.appeal against conviction (=ask a court of law to change it)The men intend to appeal against their convictions.quash/overturn a conviction (=officially say that it was wrong)The Court of Appeal quashed their convictions.uphold a conviction (=officially say that it was right)The conviction was upheld by the Court of Appeal.
Examples from the Corpus
conviction• The trial and conviction of Jimmy Malone took over three months.• The fact that they do not believe with any great conviction the theories underlying the shocks, makes their task even harder.• He sells his company and he sells himself marketing his own deeply held convictions.• Then, with more conviction, she pronounced my name.• It does not follow that increases in crime accompanied by increased numbers of convictions necessarily entails more people being incarcerated.• Mrs. Warren and her husband appealed the conviction.• Americans held the conviction that anyone could become rich if they worked hard.• He only had one tiny conviction for shoplifting so far, and felt sure that wouldn't be held against him.conviction that• He brought to his office a conviction that a bishop had a dual responsibility to serve both church and monarchy.• She just appeared and moved in with the clear conviction that we were still a family.• There is now a growing conviction that the religious sources for a new public ethos have to be mobilised again.• He was poor himself but passionate in his conviction that Modigliani deserved a sponsor.• The pentecostal conviction that everyone has the responsibility to spread the word did the rest.• Male speaker Anybody with strong convictions that what he is doing is right is bound to stir up controversy.• The consensus will last only so long as most lawyers accept the convictions that support it.carried ... conviction• I tried to argue, Holmes, but somehow my words carried insufficient conviction.conviction for• a conviction for driving while drunkFrom Longman Business Dictionaryconvictioncon‧vic‧tion /kənˈvɪkʃən/ nounLAW1[countable] a decision in a court of law that someone is guilty of a crimeSmith, who had no previous motoring convictions, had been rushing home to see his family when he hit another car.conviction forHe had a conviction for burglary in South Africa.2[uncountable] the process of proving someone guilty in a court of lawEven when crimes are known to the police, only a small proportion lead to arrest, conviction and sentence.legal safeguards against wrongful convictioncon·vic·tion noun →n COLLOCATIONS1LDOCE OnlineChineseSyllable
Corpus opinion or very a belief strong Business
conviction
con‧vic‧tion W3 /kənˈvɪkʃən/
noun
1. [countable] a very strong belief or opinion
religious/political etc convictions
a woman of strong political convictions
deep/strong conviction
The Dotens have a deep conviction that marriage is for life.
conviction that
The students possess the conviction that they can make a difference to their community.
2. [uncountable] the feeling of being sure about something and having no doubts
with/without conviction
He was able to say with conviction that he had changed.
‘No,’ she said, without conviction.
It was a reasonable explanation, but his voice lacked conviction.
It took her so much effort to speak that what she said carried great conviction (=showed she felt sure of what she said).
3. [uncountable and countable] a decision in a court of law that someone is guilty of a crime, or the process of proving that someone is guilty
OPP acquittal:
They had no previous convictions.
Applicants are checked for criminal convictions.
conviction for
This was her third conviction for theft.
the trial and conviction of Jimmy Malone
⇨ have the courage of your convictions at courage(2)
■ ADJECTIVES/NOUN + conviction
▪a criminal conviction Jason already had a criminal conviction for theft.
▪a murder/manslaughter/fraud etc conviction He lost his job following a drugs conviction.
▪a previous/prior conviction (=a crime someone was found guilty of in the past) The man had five previous convictions for being drunk and disorderly.
▪a wrongful conviction (=a guilty verdict that was wrong) The trial led to the men's wrongful conviction.
■ verbs
▪have a conviction for something You must declare whether you have any convictions.
▪lead to a conviction They offered a reward for information leading to the conviction of the killer.
▪obtain/secure a conviction (=make someone be found guilty) The prosecution had obtained a conviction based on false evidence.
▪appeal against conviction (=ask a court of law to change it) The men intend to appeal against their convictions.
▪quash/overturn a conviction (=officially say that it was wrong) The Court of Appeal quashed their convictions.
▪uphold a conviction (=officially say that it was right) The conviction was upheld by the Court of Appeal.
con‧vic‧tion W3 /kənˈvɪkʃən/
noun1. [countable] a very strong belief or opinion
religious/political etc convictions
deep/strong conviction
conviction that
2. [uncountable] the feeling of being sure about something and having no doubts
with/without conviction
3. [uncountable and countable] a decision in a court of law that someone is guilty of a crime, or the process of proving that someone is guilty
OPP acquittal:
conviction for
⇨ have the courage of your convictions at courage(2)
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Breaking the law 犯法
break/violate/obey/uphold the law违反／违背／遵守／维护法律 be investigated/arrested/tried for a crime/a robbery/fraud因犯罪／抢劫／诈骗而被调查／逮捕／审判 be arrested/ ( especially
NAmE indicted/convicted on charges of rape/fraud/( felony chargesespecially
因被控犯强奸罪／诈骗罪／重型罪遭逮捕／起诉／定罪 be arrested on suspicion of arson/robbery/shoplifting因涉嫌纵火／抢劫／在商店行窃而被逮捕 be accused of/be charged with murder/( homicide/four counts of fraudespecially
NAmE 被指控犯有谋杀罪／杀人罪／四项诈骗罪 face two charges of indecent assault面临两项猥亵罪的指控 admit your guilt/liability/responsibility (for sth)承认（对某事的）罪责／责任 deny the allegations/claims/charges否认指控 confess to a crime坦白罪行 grant/be refused/be released on/skip/jump bail准许／不准保释；交保释金获释；弃保潜逃
The legal process 法律程序
stand/await/bring sb to/come to/be on trial受审；候审；把某人送交法院审判；开庭审理；受到审判 take sb to/come to/settle sth out of court把某人告上法庭；被法庭受理；庭外和解某事 face/avoid/escape prosecution面临／免于／逃脱起诉 seek/retain/have the right to/be denied access to legal counsel寻求／聘请／有权聘用／无权聘用律师 hold/conduct/attend/adjourn a hearing/trial开庭；出庭；休庭 sit on/influence/persuade/convince the jury担任／影响／说服陪审团 sit/stand/appear/be put/place sb in the dock坐在／站在／出现在／被送上／将某人送上被告席 plead guilty/not guilty to a crime认罪；不认罪 be called to/enter ( the witness boxBrE 被召唤进入／进入证人席 take/put sb on the stand/( the witness standNAmE 出庭作证；让某人出庭作证 call/subpoena/question/cross-examine a witness传唤／以传票传唤／讯问／盘问证人 give/hear the evidence against/on behalf of sb提供／听取对某人不利／有利的证据 raise/withdraw/overrule an objection提出／撤销／否决异议 reach a unanimous/majority verdict作出一致的／多数人赞同的裁决 return/deliver/record a verdict of not guilty/unlawful killing/accidental death作出／宣布无罪／非法杀人／意外死亡的裁决 convict/acquit the defendant of the crime宣判被告有罪／无罪 secure a conviction/your acquittal获得有罪／无罪判决 lodge/file an appeal提出上诉 appeal (against)/challenge/uphold/overturn a conviction/verdict对判决／裁决提出上诉／质疑；维持／撤销判决／裁决
Sentencing and punishment 判刑与惩罚
pass sentence on sb宣布对某人的判决 carry/face/serve a seven-year/life sentence会被判处／面临／服七年徒刑／无期徒刑 receive/be given the death penalty被判死刑 be sentenced to ten years (in prison/jail)被判十年（监禁） carry/impose/pay a fine (of $3 000)/a penalty (of 14 years imprisonment)会被判处／处以／缴纳（3 000 美元的）罚金／（14 年的）监禁 be imprisoned/jailed for drug possession/fraud/murder因持有毒品罪／诈骗罪／谋杀罪被监禁 do/serve time/ten years服刑；服十年徒刑 be sent to/put sb in/be released from jail/prison被送进监狱；把某人送进监狱；被释放出狱 be/put sb/spend X years on death row在／把某人关在死囚牢房；在死囚牢房度过…年 be granted/be denied/break (your) parole获准假释；假释遭拒；违反假释规定
