country
Longman Dictionary of Contemporary English 5++LDOCE 5++coun·try1 /ˈkʌntri/ ●●● S1 W1 noun (plural countries) 1 [countable]SGCOUNTRY/NATION an area of land that is controlled by its own government, president, king etc 国，国家 → nation the Scandinavian countries 斯堪的纳维亚国家 developing countries 发展中国家 travelling to a foreign country 到国外旅行 → mother country2 the country a) DNCOUNTRYSIDEland that is outside towns and cities, including land used for farming 郊外，乡村 SYN the countrysidein the country I’ve always wanted to live in the country. 我一直想住在乡下。 b) PERSON/PEOPLEall the people who live in a particular country 全国人民，全体国民 The president has the support of the country. 总统有全国人民的支持。3 DN[uncountable] an area of land that is suitable for a particular activity, has particular features, or is connected with a particular person or people 〔适合某种活动、具有某种特点或与某些人有关的〕地区，区域，地方 The Peak District is good walking country. 皮克区是散步的好地方。 mountainous country 多山地区 the rugged moors of Brontë country 布朗蒂地区崎岖的旷野4 [uncountable] country and western music 乡村音乐 I’m a big fan of country. 我是乡村音乐的忠实歌迷。5. go to the country British EnglishPGP if a prime minister goes to the country, they ask for a general election to be held 〔首相〕召集大选，举行大选 COLLOCATIONS – Meaning 1: an area of land that is controlled by its own government, president, king etc 国，国家ADJECTIVES/NOUN + countrya foreign country (=not your own country) 外国Have you ever worked in a foreign country? 你在外国工作过吗？na strange country (=not your own country)She was in a strange country, with no friends and no family.a European/African/Asian etc country 欧洲/非洲/亚洲等国家The president will be visiting four European countries. 总统将访问欧洲四国。a democratic/capitalist/communist etc country 民主/资本主义/共产主义等国家the former socialist countries of Eastern Europe 东欧前社会主义国家your home/native country (=where you were born or live permanently) 祖国，出生国After five years in America, she returned to her home country, Japan. 在美国待了五年之后，她回到了自己的祖国——日本。a developing/Third World country (=poor and trying to increase its industry and trade) 发展中/第三世界国家Many developing countries receive some foreign aid. 许多发展中国家都获得一些外国援助。a developed country (=rich and where most people have a comfortable life) 发达国家nDeveloped countries are responsible for most emissions of carbon dioxide.an underdeveloped country (=poor and developing more slowly than others) 欠发达国家nThe disease still exists, mainly in underdeveloped countries.an industrialized country 工业国nAmerica and other industrialized countriesan advanced country 发达国家ntechnologically advanced countries such as Japana Christian/Muslim/Catholic etc country 基督教/伊斯兰教/天主教等国家nEngland became a Christian country in the seventh century.your adopted country (=that you have chosen to live in permanently) 你的居留国nI felt proud of my adopted country, America.na great country (=important, with many past achievements)the great countries of European independent country (=not controlled by another country) 独立国家nMalaysia has been an independent country since 1963.nan occupied country (=controlled by an army from another country)For many years, Egypt was an occupied country.a free country (=where people’s actions are not too restricted) 自由的国家nYou can go where you like – it’s a free country.a member country (=belonging to a particular international organization) 成员国nthe member countries of the European Communitythe host country (=where an event is held) 主办国,东道国nWhich is the host country for the next Olympic Games?verbsrun/govern the country (=officially control a country) 治理国家The government has the job of running the country. 政府有治理国家的责任。rule a country (=have complete control of a country) 统治国家For a long time the country was ruled by military dictators. 这个国家长期由军事独裁者统治。nleave the countryThe journalists were given 24 hours to leave the country.flee the country (=leave it very quickly to avoid trouble) 逃离国家At the outbreak of the war, many people fled the country. 战争一爆发，许多人逃离了这个国家。serve your country (=work for your country in an official way) 为祖国效劳Remember those who are serving our country as soldiers, sailors, and airmen. 记住那些为祖国效劳的陆海空三军将士。lead the country 领导国家nShe became the first woman to lead the country.represent your country 代表国家nIt’s a great honour to be chosen to represent your country in a sport.betray your country (=be disloyal, especially by giving secrets to other countries) 背叛祖国nHe betrayed his country for the sake of communism.phrasessomebody’s/something’s country of origin (=where you were born or live permanently, or where something was produced) 某人的原籍国/某物的原产国Please give your name, age, and country of origin. 请写上你的姓名、年龄，以及原籍国。n COLLOCATIONS – Meaning 3: an area of land that is suitable for a particular activity, has particular features, or is connected with a particular person or people 〔适合某种活动、具有某种特点或与某些人有关的〕地区，区域，地方ADJECTIVES/NOUN + countryopen country (=away from towns, and with few buildings, walls, trees etc)We left the city and headed towards the open country in the north.wild country (=not used or farmed by people)I love the wild country of the Scottish Highlands.rough country (=difficult to travel over)a vehicle especially designed for rough countrywalking/riding/farming etc countryTo the east is an area of rich farming country.mountain/mountainous countrya vast stretch of mountain countryhill/hilly countryHe grew up in Texas hill country.wooded country (=with a lot of trees)They escaped through hilly, wooded country.desert countryNot much grows in this desert country. THESAURUScountry an area of land controlled by its own government, president, king etc 〔有自己的政府、总统、国王等的〕国家Thailand is a beautiful country. 泰国是一个美丽的国家。Which country would you most like to visit? 你最想去哪个国家？nation a country, considered especially in relation to its people and its political and economic structure 〔尤指从人民和政治经济结构来考虑的〕国家The events shocked the whole nation. 这些事件震动了举国上下。The US is the most powerful nation in the world. 美国是世界上最强大的国家。Leaders of the world’s major industrialized nations attended the meeting. 世界上主要工业国的领导人出席了此次会议。state a country considered as a political organization with its own government 〔作为一个有自己政府的政治机构来看的〕国家They believe that Scotland should be an independent sovereign state. 他们认为苏格兰应该是一个独立的主权国家。Most European states joined the Council of Europe. 大多数欧洲国家都加入了欧洲理事会。power a country that is very strong and important 大国a meeting of the great powers 大国会议Britain is still a world power. 英国依然是世界强国。superpower one of the most powerful countries in the world 超级大国During the Cuban Missile Crisis there was a real danger of conflict between the two world superpowers. 古巴导弹危机期间，两个世界超级大国之间发生冲突的可能性非常大。land literary a country – used in stories 国度〔用于故事中〕He told them about his journeys to foreign lands. 他给他们讲述他的异国之旅。a traveller from a far-off land 一个来自遥远国度的旅行者
Examples from the Corpus
country• The ceremony was televised in over 30 countries.• One of the most important issues facing all countries is the threat of global warming.• Brazil is one of the biggest countries in the world.• The Midwest is largely farming country.• Not many people live in the hill country anymore.• They evolved in the bloodstreams of people in hot countries as a defence against malaria and occur mainly in black people.• Voice over 13,000 children, across the country, have been treated to Kids Out today.• Swanepoel, the pilot whom I had met when I first arrived in the country, tipped me off to that one.• In our field, probably the most powerful guy in the country.• When he formed his own contracting firm, his partners were some of the best-known politicians and railway men in the country.• The northeast of the country will experience heavy rainfall and high winds.• The bill proposes raising the ownership limit from the current 12 stations covering no more than 25 percent of the country.• Riots and demonstrations broke out all over the country after the assassination of Martin Luther King.• Most people in this country are worried about the economy.• You have corruption in your country.country2 adjective [only before noun] 1 COUNTRYSIDEbelonging to or connected with the countryside 乡下的，农村的 SYN rural OPP urban They much preferred country life to life in the city. 他们喜欢农村生活远甚于城市生活。2 relating to country and western music 乡村音乐的 a country singer 乡村音乐歌手Examples from the Corpus
country• Old country churches are a big tourist attraction.• Umbria is a wonderful region where life is simple and the people are decent country folk.• Country leg, country foot, country stink.• country music singer Dwight Yoakam• It took us an hour to reach the farm house, driving along winding country roads.• twisting country roads• Brattleboro offers all the pleasures of a small country town.Origin country1 (1200-1300) Old French contrée, from Medieval Latin contrata “(land) which lies opposite”, from Latin contra; → CONTRA-coun·try1 noun →COLLOCATIONS1 →n COLLOCATIONS2
→THESAURUS1country2 adjectiveLDOCE OnlineChineseSyllable
→THESAURUS1country2 adjectiveLDOCE OnlineChineseSyllable
Corpus controlled by of land area is that an
country
coun‧try1 S1 W1 /ˈkʌntri/ 
noun (plural countries)
the Scandinavian countries
developing countries
travelling to a foreign country ⇨ mother country
2. the country
a. land that is outside towns and cities, including land used for farming
SYN the countryside
in the country
I’ve always wanted to live in the country.
b. all the people who live in a particular country:
The President has the support of the country.
3. [uncountable] an area of land that is suitable for a particular activity, has particular features, or is connected with a particular person or people:
The Peak District is good walking country.
mountainous country
the rugged moors of Brontë country
4. [uncountable] country and western music:
I’m a big fan of country.
5. go to the country British English if a prime minister goes to the country, they ask for a general election to be held
■ ADJECTIVES/NOUN + country
▪a foreign country (=not your own country) Have you ever worked in a foreign country?
▪a strange country (=not your own country) She was in a strange country, with no friends and no family.
▪a European/African/Asian etc country The President will be visiting four European countries.
▪a democratic/capitalist/communist etc country the former socialist countries of Eastern Europe
▪your home/native country (=where you were born or live permanently) After five years in America, she returned to her home country, Japan.
▪a developing/Third World country (=poor and trying to increase its industry and trade) Many developing countries receive some foreign aid.
▪a developed country (=rich and where most people have a comfortable life) Developed countries are responsible for most emissions of carbon dioxide.
▪an underdeveloped country (=poor and developing more slowly than others) The disease still exists, mainly in underdeveloped countries.
▪an industrialized country America and other industrialized countries
▪an advanced country technologically advanced countries such as Japan
▪a Christian/Muslim/Catholic etc country England became a Christian country in the seventh century.
▪your adopted country (=that you have chosen to live in permanently) I felt proud of my adopted country, America.
▪a great country (=important, with many past achievements) the great countries of Europe
▪an independent country (=not controlled by another country) Malaysia has been an independent country since 1963.
▪an occupied country (=controlled by an army from another country) For many years, Egypt was an occupied country.
▪a free country (=where people’s actions are not too restricted) You can go where you like – it’s a free country.
▪a member country (=belonging to a particular international organization) the member countries of the European Community
▪the host country (=where an event is held) Which is the host country for the next Olympic Games?
■ verbs
▪run/govern the country (=officially control a country) The government has the job of running the country.
▪rule a country (=have complete control of a country) For a long time the country was ruled by military dictators.
▪leave the country The journalists were given 24 hours to leave the country.
▪flee the country (=leave it very quickly to avoid trouble) At the outbreak of the war, many people fled the country.
▪serve your country (=work for your country in an official way) Remember those who are serving our country as soldiers, sailors, and airmen.
▪lead the country She became the first woman to lead the country.
▪represent your country It’s a great honour to be chosen to represent your country in a sport.
▪betray your country (=be disloyal, especially by giving secrets to other countries) He betrayed his country for the sake of communism.
■ phrases
▪sb’s/sth’s country of origin (=where you were born or live permanently, or where something was produced) Please give your name, age, and country of origin.
■ ADJECTIVES/NOUN + country
▪open country (=away from towns, and with few buildings, walls, trees etc) We left the city and headed towards the open country in the north.
▪wild country (=not used or farmed by people) I love the wild country of the Scottish Highlands.
▪rough country (=difficult to travel over) a vehicle especially designed for rough country
▪walking/riding/farming etc country To the east is an area of rich farming country.
▪mountain/mountainous country a vast stretch of mountain country
▪hill/hilly country He grew up in Texas hill country.
▪wooded country (=with a lot of trees) They escaped through hilly, wooded country.
▪desert country Not much grows in this desert country.
▪ country an area of land controlled by its own government, president, king etc: Thailand is a beautiful country. | Which country would you most like to visit?
▪nation a country, considered especially in relation to its people and its political and economic structure: The events shocked the whole nation. | The US is the most powerful nation in the world. | Leaders of the world’s major industrialized nations attended the meeting.
▪state a country considered as a political organization with its own government: They believe that Scotland should be an independent sovereign state. | Most European states joined the Council of Europe.
▪power a country that is very strong and important: a meeting of the great powers | Britain is still a world power.
▪superpower one of the most powerful countries in the world: During the Cuban Missile Crisis there was a real danger of conflict between the two world superpowers.
▪land literary a country – used in stories: He told them about his journeys to foreign lands. | a traveller from a far-off land
country2 adjective [only before noun]
1. belonging to or connected with the countryside
SYN rural
OPP urban:
They much preferred country life to life in the city.
2. relating to country and western music:
a country singer
| I |
noun (plural countries) Date: 1200-1300
Language: Old French
Origin: contrée, from Medieval Latin contrata '(land) which lies opposite', from Latin contra; ⇨ contra-
1. [countable] an area of land that is controlled by its own government, president, king etc ⇨ nation:Language: Old French
Origin: contrée, from Medieval Latin contrata '(land) which lies opposite', from Latin contra; ⇨ contra-
2. the country
a. land that is outside towns and cities, including land used for farming
SYN the countryside
in the country
b. all the people who live in a particular country:
3. [uncountable] an area of land that is suitable for a particular activity, has particular features, or is connected with a particular person or people:
4. [uncountable] country and western music:
5. go to the country British English if a prime minister goes to the country, they ask for a general election to be held
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adjective [only before noun]1. belonging to or connected with the countryside
SYN rural
OPP urban:
2. relating to country and western music:
Country is the most usual, neutral word for a geographical area that has or used to have its own government.* country 是指国家的最普通的中性词。 State emphasizes the political organization of an area under an independent government. Especially inBrE * state 侧重指独立政府统治下的政权机构，尤其在英式英语中，该词亦可指政府 ：◆ the member states of the EU 欧盟成员国 ◆ The state provides free education. 政府提供免费教育。 In NAmE the state usually refers to one of the 50 states of the US, not to the government of the country as a whole.在美式英语中，the state 通常指美国 50 个州中的一个州，而非指作为一个整体的国家政府。
country (often the country ) an area that is away from towns and cities, especially one with particular natural features（常作 the country）尤指具有自然特征的乡下、乡村 ：◆ She lives in the country. 她住在乡下。 ◆ an area of wooded country 树木覆盖的乡村地区 landscape everything that you can see when you look across a large area of land, especially in the country 尤指乡村的风景或景色 ：◆ This pattern of woods and fields is typical of the English landscape. 这种林地与田野的格局是典型的英格兰乡村景色。 countryside land outside towns and cities, with fields, woods and farms 指乡村、农村 NOTE Countryside is usually used when you are talking about the beauty or peacefulness of a country area.* countryside 通常用于强调乡村地区的美丽或宁静 ：◆ a little village in the French countryside 法国乡间的小村庄 terrain ( land指地带、土地 NOTE Terrain is used when you are describing the natural features of an area, for example if it is rough, flat, etc.* terrain 用于描述某地区的地形或地势 ：◆ The truck bumped its way over the rough terrain. 卡车在崎岖不平的地面上颠簸行进。 land (usually the land ) the countryside; the way people live in the country as opposed to in towns and cities（通常作 the land）指与城镇相对的农村、农村生活方式 ：◆ Many younger people are leaving the land to find work in the cities. 许多较年轻的人陆续离开农村到城市去找工作。 scenery the natural features of an area, such as mountains, valleys, rivers and forests, especially when these are attractive to look at 指自然风景、景色、风光 ：◆ We stopped on the mountain pass to admire the scenery. 我们在山口停下来欣赏风景。
Patterns
mountainous/mountain/wild/rugged country/landscape/countryside/terrain/scenerybeautiful/glorious/dramatic country/landscape/countryside/sceneryopen country/landscape/countryside/terrain/landrolling country/landscape/countrysideto protect the landscape/countryside/land
Town 城镇
live in a city/a town/an urban environment/( a concrete jungle/the suburbs/shanty towns/slums住在城里／镇上／城区／混凝土丛林／郊区／棚户区／贫民窟 live ( downtown/in the downtown area/especially
NAmE ( in the city centreBrE 住在市中心 enjoy/like the hectic pace of life/the hustle and bustle of city life喜欢忙碌的生活节奏／城市生活的热闹 cope with the stress/pressure of urban life应对城市生活的压力 get caught up in the rat race卷入大城市里为财富、权力等的疯狂追逐中 prefer/seek the anonymity of life in a big city更喜欢／追求大城市里人与人互不相识的生活 be drawn by/resist the lure of the big city被大城市的诱惑所吸引；抵御大城市的诱惑 head for the bright lights (of the big city/New York)奔向（大城市／纽约）五光十色的生活 enjoy/love the vibrant/lively nightlife享受／喜爱充满生机的夜生活 have/be close to all the amenities拥有／紧靠各种便利设施 be surrounded by towering skyscrapers/a soulless urban sprawl被高耸入云的摩天大楼／毫无生气的城市拓展区所包围 use/travel by/rely on ( public transport/BrE ( public transportationNAmE 使用／出行乘坐／依赖公共交通 put up with/get stuck in/sit in massive/huge/heavy/endless/constant traffic jams忍受／陷入大面积／严重的／没完没了的／持续的交通堵塞 tackle/ease/reduce/relieve/alleviate the heavy/severe traffic congestion处理／缓解严重的交通堵塞 be affected/choked/damaged by pollution受到污染的影响；被污染呛得透不过气；受到污染的伤害
Country 乡村
live in a village/the countryside/an isolated area/a rural backwater/( the sticks住在村里／乡村／偏僻的地区／落后的乡村／偏远的乡村地区 enjoy/like the relaxed/slower pace of life享受／喜欢悠闲／缓慢的生活节奏 enjoy/love/explore the great outdoors享受／喜欢／探索蓝天碧野 look for/find/get/enjoy a little peace and quiet寻找／找到／得到／享受一点宁静与安宁 need/want to get back/closer to nature需要／想要回去／接近大自然 be surrounded by open/unspoilt/picturesque countryside四周被空旷的／未被污染的／风景如画的乡村环绕 escape/quit/get out of/leave the rat race逃离／退出城市中你死我活的竞争 seek/achieve a better/healthy work-life balance寻求／达到工作与生活更好的／健康的平衡 downshift to a less stressful life选择压力较小的生活 seek/start a new life in the country在乡村寻求／开始一种新的生活 ( BrE up sticks/ NAmE pull up stakes and move to/head for…突然迁居到… create/build/foster a strong sense of community树立／培养强烈的社群意识 depend on/be employed in/work in agriculture依赖／从事农业 live off/farm/work the land靠土地为生；耕种土地 tackle/address the problem of rural unemployment解决农村失业问题
