demand
Word family
Longman Dictionary of Contemporary English 5++LDOCE 5++de·mand1 /dɪˈmɑːnd $ dɪˈmænd/ ●●● S2 W1 noun 1 [singular, uncountable]PE the need or desire that people have for particular goods and services 需要，需求 Production is increasing faster than demand. 生产仍比需求增长快。demand for the demand for new housing 对新住房的需求in demand (=wanted) 被需要 As a speaker he was always in demand. 作为一位演讲者，他始终受到欢迎。 → supply and demand2 [countable]ASK FOR something/ASK somebody TO DO something a very firm request for something that you believe you have the right to get 要求 demonstrations in support of the nationalists’ demands 声援民族主义者要求的示威游行demand for their demand for higher salaries 他们提高工资的要求demand that demands that he should resign 要求他辞职的呼声3 demands [plural]DIFFICULT the difficult, annoying, or tiring things that you need to do, or a skill you need to have 要求〔指需要做的困难事情或需要掌握的技能〕demands of the demands of modern life 现代生活的种种要求demands on The curriculum makes great demands on the teacher. 这门课程对教师提出了很高的要求。 There are heavy demands on people’s time these days. 如今，人们的时间都很紧。place/put demands on/upon somebody/something the increased demands placed on police officers 对警察越来越高的要求4 popular demand POPULARwhen a lot of people have asked for something to be done, performed etc 普遍要求，公众要求by/due to popular demand (=because of popular demand) 由于普遍要求 The exhibition will run for an extra week, due to popular demand. 应公众要求，这次展览将延长一周。5 on demand formalASK FOR something/ASK somebody TO DO something whenever someone asks 一经要求 Should you feed your baby on demand, or stick to a timetable? 给宝宝喂食应该按需还是按时？ COLLOCATIONSADJECTIVES/NOUN + demandhigh (=a lot of people want something) 需求大的Demand for housing is higher than ever. 住房需求比以往任何时候都要大。low (=not many people want something) 需求小的Recently the demand for new cars has been relatively low. 近来,新车需求相对较少。a big demand 大的需求There’s always a big demand for photographs of celebrities. 对于名人照片的需求一直很大。a great/huge demand (=very big) 巨大的需求There is a huge demand for business software and services. 商业软件和服务的需求量巨大。increased/increasing/growing demand 增长的/正在增长的/正在增加的需求One of the problems is the growing demand for housing. 问题之一是日益增长的住房需求。falling demand (=decreasing) 减少的需求the falling demand for coal 煤炭需求量的减少consumer demand (=the desire of consumers to buy goods) 消费需求Consumer demand for new technology is strong. 新技术的消费需求旺盛。verbsmeet/satisfy demand (=supply as much as people need or want) 满足需求There are reports that the company cannot produce enough to meet demand. 有报道称,该公司的产量无法满足需求。keep up with demand (also keep pace with demand) (=satisfy the demand) 跟上需求Public funding for higher education has not kept up with demand. 用于高等教育的公共资金没有跟上需求。cope with demand (=satisfy demand) 满足需求The existing services were not capable of coping with the demand for advice. 现有的服务不能满足咨询需求。increase/boost demand 提升/推动需求A very hard winter boosted the demand for natural gas. 严冬推动了对天然气的需求。reduce demand 降低需求Higher interest rates reduce the demand for credit. 利率上调降低了信贷需求。demand rises/increases 需求上升/增加Demand for energy has continued to rise. 能源需求持续上升。demand falls (=becomes lower) 需求下降Demand for the products has fallen in the last six months. 在过去的六个月中,这些产品的需求下降了。phrasesbe much in demand (also be in great demand) (=be wanted by a lot of people) 需求量很大Fuel-efficient cars are now much in demand. 时下低油耗汽车需求量很大。supply outstrips/exceeds demand (=more is available than people need or want) 供过于求In the 1980s, the supply of grain far exceeded the demand. 20世纪80年代,粮食的供应远远超过需求。a lack of demand 需求不足Many factories closed through lack of demand. 因需求不足,许多工厂关闭了。a surge in demand (=a sudden increase) 需求激增There’s often a surge in demand for the Internet at the weekend. 周末时,对于因特网的需求常常会激增。Examples from the Corpus
demand• A demand from your boss that you babysit his children is clearly unreasonable.• Some working moms worry about the conflicting demands of home and job.• In short, there is a I 5,000-bushel shortage of or excess demand for, corn.• Kallay returned to his original demands for the release of comrades from prison, and the resignation of the Sierra Leone government.• The government has refused the rebels' demand to release their leader from prison.• The union's demand for an 8% across-the-board increase is still under consideration.• The kidnappers made several demands in their telephone call to police.• A list of the students' demands was presented to the dean of the law school.• This growth is necessary to mitigate the supply / demand imbalance and for the continued economic health of the region.• The desire is great because the demands for knowing in life are so great.• Recessions often start because the demand for credit falls.• Though land is theoretically very expensive there, the recession has cut the demand.• It follows that their demand for bank deposits is also growing at twice the rate of growth of nominal income.• With demand for short and medium term paper picking up, most issues registered gains of up to £3/4.demand for• Glover faced a demand for his resignation.• There isn't much demand for leaded gasoline anymore.demand that• His indignation frequently boiled over to a point where he thought and demanded that a libel writ should be issued.• Prestige, if nothing else, demanded that it be entered into with due pomp and circumstance.• The work of individuation, however, demands that one should not be compulsively affected in this way.• But Eliades is demanding that pot, plus Lewis' fight fee of around £5m, is frozen by a court judge.• For their part, opposition leaders demanded that Mr Fujimori step down immediately in favour of a transition government.• Administrators finally bowed to demands that the university be renamed.• Giving up his five wives and dozen concubines, Vladimir demanded that all his subjects in Kiev become baptized.• We demanded that every student who took part in the protest be granted amnesty.• The polyester products maker attributed the forecast to weak world-wide demand that has lowered production volumes and increased manufacturing costs.demand2 ●●● W2 verb [transitive] 1 INSISTto ask for something very firmly, especially because you think you have a right to do this 〔坚决〕要求〔尤因认为有权这么做〕 Angry demonstrators demanded the resignation of two senior officials. 愤怒的示威者要求两名高级官员辞职。demand to know/see/have etc something I demand to know what’s going on. 我要求知道发生了什么事情。demand that They demanded that the military government free all political prisoners. 他们要求军政府释放所有政治犯。demand something of somebody It seemed that no matter what she did, more was demanded of her. 好像无论她做什么，都会有更多的要求等着她。 ‘Where are you going?’ she demanded angrily. “你要去哪里？” 她气愤地质问道。5 ► Don’t say demand for something. Say demand something: I demand my money back! (NOT I demand for my money back!)不要说 demand for something. 而要说 demand something: I demand my money back! (不说 I demand for my money back!) 我要求退款！► see thesaurus at ask, insist2 NEEDif one thing demands another, it needs that thing in order to happen or be done successfully 需要n GRAMMAR: Patterns with demand• You demand something: I demand an explanation!• You demand to do something: She demanded to see the manager.• In everyday English, you demand that someone does something: I demand that he apologizes.• In formal English, you demand that someone do something, using the base form of the verb (=the infinitive without ‘to’): His opponents are demanding that he resign. ✗Don’t say: demand someone to do something• You use the base form of the verb when talking about the past: They demanded that he resign. In everyday English, people also say: They demanded that he resigned.• You demand that someone should do something: His opponents demanded that he should resign. This pattern is often used in the past, when reporting what someone has demanded.→ See Verb tableExamples from the Corpus
demand• The evidence demanded a long time for Earth processes to have had any effect in carving mountains and accumulating sediment.• Stopped controversially in their first battle, Razor demanded a second go at Tyson.• The chief demanded a thorough investigation into the murder.• Both exchange and mutuality however, demand additional discipline for success.• How dare you say that! I demand an apology.• The laboratory was surrounded by protesters demanding an end to the animal experiments.• I demand an explanation for your appalling behaviour.• I caught Alice going through my letters and demanded an immediate explanation.• "Did you do this?" Kathryn demanded angrily.• Waster and the beggars scorned poor food and demanded better, fine bread instead of that with beans in it and well-cooked meat.• Parents are demanding greater control over their children's education.• The baby demands most of Cindy's time.• The receivers are informed that they are not allowed to ask questions nor to demand repeats of words or phrases.• One of the men brandished a jagged-edge Bowie knife and demanded that 25-year-old Julie handed over her handbag containing £95.• Realizing that her husband had deceived her, she demanded that he tell her the whole truth.• State health inspectors have demanded that the city act immediately to clean the water supply.• You should demand that they finish the job now, not some time in August.• Just go to the dry cleaners, show them the dress, and demand that they pay for the damage.• The President demanded the release of the hostages.• Daley demanded to know why the police had not been called in to stop the rioting.• The guards demanded to see her I.D. before they allowed her in the building.• The police officer made Neil get out of the car and demanded to see his driver's licence.demand to know/see/have etc something• Even before Urquhart could demand to know what on earth he thought he was doing, the babbling commenced.• He kept demanding to know how it got there.• Lifting the phone from the desk, he demanded to know what was going on.• Once in a while she sent food back to the kitchen and demanded to see the cook.• One day Mulholland was approached by a man in a carriage who demanded to know his name and what he was doing.• Paxon specifically demanded to know whether Rep.• She saw an empty space on the walls and demanded to know where the picture was.• The sheriff demanded to know how the solicitor had got hold of a confidential social inquiry report.demanded ... attention• But other things have demanded her attention.• Far and Middle Eastern issues similarly demanded attention.• Her face kept swimming forward, her eyes demanded attention.• It was true that a major problem had just cropped up which demanded immediate attention.• Some of the men demanded as much attention.• Too many things demanded his attention at the same rime.• They demanded attention, more photography, and the remainder of the party drew further away.• They demanded attention which it was not humanly possible to give.From Longman Business Dictionarydemandde‧mand /dɪˈmɑːnddɪˈmænd/ noun [uncountable]ECONOMICS1the amount of spending on goods and services by companies and people in a particular economyDemand in the US economy generated 23 million new jobs during the 1990s.2the total amount of a type of goods or services that people or companies buy in a particular period of timedemand forLower interest rates did nothing to increase demand for loans to buy houses.There was a very strong demand for jeans and T-shirts over the last month.Chrysler said its Jeep plant won’t operate next week because of weak demand.3the total amount of a type of goods or services that people or companies would buy if they were availablePower companies have been forced to reduce voltage when demand exceeded available supplies during extreme cold or hot spells.Demand for phone service in Thailand far outstrips the supply with back orders totaling about one million.4law of demand the idea that the more something costs, the less demand for it there is → aggregate demand → consumer demand → cyclical demand → derived demand → domestic demand → elastic demand → excess demand → global demand → inelastic demand → institutional demand → market demand → primary demand → selective demand → see also elasticity of demand, on demandOrigin demand2 (1300-1400) Old French demander, from Latin mandare “to order”de·mand1 noun →COLLOCATIONS1demand2 verb →n GRAMMAR1LDOCE OnlineChineseSyllable
or that Corpus Business the people desire need
demand
de‧mand1 S2 W1 /dɪˈmɑːnd $ dɪˈmænd/ 
noun1. [singular, uncountable] the need or desire that people have for particular goods and services:
Production is increasing faster than demand.
demand for
the demand for new housing
in demand (=wanted)
As a speaker he was always in demand. ⇨ supply and demand
2. [countable] a very firm request for something that you believe you have the right to get:
demonstrations in support of the nationalists’ demands
demand for
their demand for higher salaries
demand that
demands that he should resign
3. demands [plural] the difficult, annoying, or tiring things that you need to do, or a skill you need to have
demands of
the demands of modern life
demands on
The curriculum makes great demands on the teacher.
There are heavy demands on people’s time these days.
place/put demands on/upon somebody/something
the increased demands placed on police officers
4. popular demand when a lot of people have asked for something to be done, performed etc
by/due to popular demand (=because of popular demand)
The exhibition will run for an extra week, due to popular demand.
5. on demand formal whenever someone asks:
Should you feed your baby on demand, or stick to a timetable?
■ ADJECTIVES/NOUN + demand
▪high (=a lot of people want something) Demand for housing is higher than ever.
▪low (=not many people want something) Recently the demand for new cars has been relatively low.
▪a big demand There’s always a big demand for photographs of celebrities.
▪a great/huge demand (=very big) There is a huge demand for business software and services.
▪increased/increasing/growing demand One of the problems is the growing demand for housing.
▪falling demand (=decreasing) the falling demand for coal
▪consumer demand (=the desire of consumers to buy goods) Consumer demand for new technology is strong.
■ verbs
▪meet/satisfy demand (=supply as much as people need or want) There are reports that the company cannot produce enough to meet demand.
▪keep up with demand (also keep pace with demand ) (=satisfy the demand) Public funding for higher education has not kept up with demand.
▪cope with demand (=satisfy demand) The existing services were not capable of coping with the demand for advice.
▪increase/boost demand A very hard winter boosted the demand for natural gas.
▪reduce demand Higher interest rates reduces the demand for credit.
▪demand rises/increases Demand for energy has continued to rise.
▪demand falls (=becomes lower) Demand for the products has fallen in the last six months.
■ phrases
▪be much in demand (also be in great demand ) (=be wanted by a lot of people) Fuel-efficient cars are now much in demand.
▪supply outstrips/exceeds demand (=more is available than people need or want) In the 1980s, the supply of grain far exceeded the demand.
▪a lack of demand Many factories closed through lack of demand.
▪a surge in demand (=a sudden increase) There’s often a surge in demand for the Internet at the weekend.
demand2 W2 verb [transitive]
Angry demonstrators demanded the resignation of two senior officials.
demand to know/see/have etc something
I demand to know what’s going on.
demand that
They demanded that the military government free all political prisoners.
demand something of somebody
It seemed that no matter what she did, more was demanded of her.
‘Where are you going?’ she demanded angrily.
► Do not say ‘demand for something’. Say demand something: I demand my money back! (NOT I demand for my money back!)
2. if one thing demands another, it needs that thing in order to happen or be done successfully:
Too many things demanded his attention at the same time.
It’s a desperate situation demanding a desperate remedy.
| I |
noun1. [singular, uncountable] the need or desire that people have for particular goods and services: demand for
in demand (=wanted)
2. [countable] a very firm request for something that you believe you have the right to get:
demand for
demand that
3. demands [plural] the difficult, annoying, or tiring things that you need to do, or a skill you need to have
demands of
demands on
place/put demands on/upon somebody/something
4. popular demand when a lot of people have asked for something to be done, performed etc
by/due to popular demand (=because of popular demand)
5. on demand formal whenever someone asks:
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| II |
verb [transitive] Date: 1300-1400
Language: Old French
Origin: demander, from Latin mandare 'to order'
1. to ask for something very firmly, especially because you think you have a right to do this:Language: Old French
Origin: demander, from Latin mandare 'to order'
demand to know/see/have etc something
demand that
demand something of somebody
► Do not say ‘demand for something’. Say demand something: I demand my money back! (NOT I demand for my money back!)
2. if one thing demands another, it needs that thing in order to happen or be done successfully:
Managing the economy 管理经济
handle/run/manage the economy管理经济 boost investment/spending/employment/growth促进投资／支出／就业／增长速度 stimulate demand/the economy/industry刺激需求／经济／工业 cut/reduce investment/spending/borrowing削减投资／支出／借贷 reduce/curb/control/keep down inflation减少／遏制通货膨胀 create/fuel growth/demand/a boom/a bubble创造／刺激增长／需求／繁荣／泡沫 encourage/foster/promote/stimulate/stifle innovation/competition鼓励／促进／刺激／抑制创新／竞争 encourage/work with/compete with the private sector鼓励私营部门；与私营部门合作／竞争 increase/boost/promote US/agricultural exports增加／促进美国／农业出口 ban/restrict/block cheap/foreign imports禁止／限制／阻止廉价／国外进口产品 the economy grows/expands/shrinks/contracts/slows (down)/recovers/improves/is booming 经济增长／扩张／收缩／萎缩／放缓／复苏／改善／繁荣 enjoy an economic/housing/property boom享受经济／住房／房地产的繁荣期
Economic problems 经济问题
push up/drive up prices/costs/inflation抬高价格／成本；加剧通货膨胀 damage/hurt/destroy industry/the economy破坏工业／经济 cause/lead to/go into/avoid/escape recession引起／导致／进入／避开经济衰退 experience/suffer a recession/downturn经历／遭受经济衰退 fight/combat inflation/deflation/unemployment抵抗通货膨胀／通货紧缩／失业 cause/create inflation/poverty/unemployment导致／造成通货膨胀／贫穷／失业 create/burst a housing/stock market bubble造成／引爆住房／股票市场泡沫 cause/trigger a stock market crash/the collapse of the banking system引起股市崩盘／银行系统崩溃 face/be plunged into a financial/an economic crisis面临／陷入财政／经济危机 be caught in/experience cycles of boom and bust陷入／经历周期性繁荣与萧条
Public finance 公共财政
cut/reduce/slash/increase/double the defence/( defense/education/aid budgetespecially
削减／大幅削减／增加／加倍国防／教育／援助预算 increase/boost/slash/cut public spending增加／大幅削减／削减公共支出 increase/put up/raise/cut/lower/reduce taxes提高／降低税收 raise/cut/lower/reduce interest rates提高／降低利率 ease/loosen/tighten monetary policy放宽／收紧货币政策 balance the (state/federal) budget平衡（州／联邦）预算 achieve/maintain a balanced budget达到／保持预算平衡 run a ($4 trillion) budget deficit/surplus有（4 万亿美元的）预算赤字／盈余
also
demand to ask for sth very firmly; to say very firmly that sb should have or do sth 指强烈要求、坚决要求 ：◆ She demanded an immediate explanation. 她强烈要求立即作出解释。 require [ ( to make sb do or have sth, especially because it is necessary according to a law or set of rules or standardsrather
指要求做（某事）、达到（某水平），尤指根据法规或规定 ：◆ All candidates will be required to take a short test. 所有候选人都要做一个小测验。 expect to demand that sb should do, have or be sth, especially because it is their duty or responsibility 指要求、认为应得、指望，尤因义务或责任 ：◆ I expect to be paid promptly for the work. 我要求即时付工钱。 insist to demand that sth happens or that sb agrees to do sth 指坚决要求、坚持 ：◆ I didn't want to go but he insisted. 我并不想去，但他硬要我去。 ◆ We insist on the highest standards at all times.我们始终坚持最高标准。 ask to expect or demand sth 指期望、要求 ：◆ You're asking too much of him. 你对他要求过分了。
demand, expect or ask? 用 demand、expect 还是 ask？
Ask is not as strong asdemand orexpect , both of which can be more like a command.* ask 不如 demand 和 expect 语气强烈，demand 和 expect 更像命令。
Patterns
to demand/require/expect/ask sth of/from sbto demand/require/expect/insist/ask that… to require/expect/ask sb to do sth to demand/require/expect/ask a lot/too much/a great deal to be too much to expect/ask
ask to say or write sth in the form of a question, in order to get information 指口头或书面提问、询问 ：◆ 'Where are you going?' she asked. “你去哪？” 她问道。 ◆ She asked the students their names. 她问了学生的姓名。 ◆ Can I ask a question ?我能提个问题吗？ enquire/inquire ( to ask sb for informationrather
指询问、查询 ：◆ I called the station to enquire about train times. 我打电话到车站询问了火车时刻。 demand to ask a question very firmly 指严正地问、质问 ：◆ 'And where have you been?' he demanded angrily. “那你去了哪里？” 他怒气冲冲地质问道。
Patterns
to ask/enquire about/after sb/sthto ask/enquire/demand sth of sbto ask/enquire/demand what/who/how , etc.to ask/enquire politely to ask/enquire/demand angrily