disease
Longman Dictionary of Contemporary English 5++LDOCE 5++dis·ease /dɪˈziːz/ ●●● S3 W1 noun 1 [countable, uncountable]MI an illness which affects a person, animal, or plant 疾病，病disease of She suffers from a rare disease of the brain. 她患上了一种罕见的脑病。 His father died of heart disease. 他父亲死于心脏病。 She contracted the disease while she was abroad on holiday. 她在国外度假时染上了这种疾病。► see thesaurus at illness2 [countable]MISS something that is seriously wrong with society or with someone’s mind, behaviour etc 〔社会的〕严重弊病；〔某人精神、行为等的〕病态，恶疾 Loneliness is a disease of our urban communities. 孤独是我们都市人群的一种通病。 —diseased adjective diseased muscles 病变的肌肉 a diseased plant 患病害的植物 COLLOCATIONSverbshave a disease 生病How long have you had the disease? 你得这个病多久了？suffer from a disease 患病About three million people suffer from the disease. 约300万人患有这种病。catch/get a disease (also contract a disease formal) 染病He caught the disease while travelling in Africa. 他在非洲旅行时染上了此病。develop a disease 患病A few years ago, she developed a serious lung disease. 几年前,她患上了严重的肺病。pass on a disease (also transmit a disease formal) 传染疾病They may pass the disease on to their children. 他们可能会把病传给自己的孩子。cause a disease 引起疾病Smoking is probably the major factor causing heart disease. 吸烟很可能是诱发心脏病的主要因素。prevent a disease 预防疾病nIt has been claimed that fibre in the diet could help prevent many serious diseases.treat a disease 治疗疾病nThe disease can be treated with antibiotics.cure a disease 治愈疾病nThe plant was believed to cure diseases in humans and cattle. fight (a) disease (=try to stop it continuing) 与疾病抗争nSome bacteria help the human body fight disease.a disease spreads 疾病蔓延nThe government have no idea how far the disease has spread.ADJECTIVES/NOUN + diseasecommon 常见的common childhood diseases 常见的儿童疾病rare 罕见的She suffers from a rare bone disease. 她患有一种罕见的骨病。serious 严重的vaccines against serious diseases like hepatitis and meningitis 预防肝炎、脑膜炎等严重疾病的疫苗fatal/deadly (=that causes death) 致命的If left untreated, the disease can be fatal. 不治疗的话,这种疾病会致命。nThousands of children are struck down by this deadly disease every year.incurable (=that cannot be cured) 无法治愈的Diseases that were once thought incurable can be treated with antibiotics. 曾被认为无法治愈的疾病可以用抗生素治疗。infectious/contagious (=that spreads quickly from one person to another) 传染性的The disease is highly contagious. 这种病的传染性很强。a skin/brain/lung etc disease 皮肤/脑部/肺部等疾病The fumes have caused skin diseases among the villagers. 烟气导致村民患上皮肤病。heart/liver/kidney disease 心脏病/肝病/肾病He is being treated for kidney disease. 他正在接受肾病治疗。a hereditary/inherited disease (=that is passed from parent to child) 遗传病nParents are offered screening for some hereditary diseases.a sexually-transmitted disease (=that is spread by having sex) 性传播疾病nThere was a worrying rise in the number of sexually-transmitted diseases.na degenerative disease (=that gradually gets worse)She was suffering from a degenerative disease that confined her to a wheelchair.na chronic disease (=continuing for a long time and not possible to cure)Chronic disease is sometimes seen as an inevitable part of being old.phrasesa cure for a disease 疾病的疗法There is no known cure for this disease. 这种疾病还没有已知的疗法。an outbreak of a disease (=when a disease appears in a number of people or animals) 疾病的爆发There has been an outbreak of the disease in Wales. 这种病已在威尔士爆发。the spread of a disease 疾病的蔓延Knowing the facts about AIDS can prevent the spread of the disease. 了解艾滋病可以防止其蔓延。the symptoms of a disease (=physical signs that someone has a disease) 疾病的症状nTo begin with, there are often no symptoms of the disease.
Examples from the Corpus
disease• The mental, emotional and other consequences are similar for all addictive disease.• Thousands of people in this area are dying from hunger and disease.• Freedom from internal bruising, disease, cracking and greening. 5.• Childhood diseases such as measles and chickenpox are highly contagious.• Malaria is still a common disease in West Africa and is often fatal.• We are bitten by mites and ticks, some of which carry dangerous diseases, and by fleas.• Diverticular disease is a condition of the bowel caused by abnormal activity of the bowel wall when your diet contains insufficient fibre.• Fat control is still very important for reducing risks for heart disease, some cancers and obesity.• Smoking is a major cause of heart disease.• Travellers to India are advised to get vaccinated against infectious diseases such as typhoid before they go.• She suffers from a rare disease of the nervous system.• Six Crohn's disease cultures and a single non-inflammatory bowel disease control were positive for M paratuberculosis.• Nationalism can be a serious disease.• Anyone can catch the disease -- not just homosexual men or drug addicts.• Whether the abandoned innards, which are consumed by coyotes and ravens, harbor the disease is hotly debated.• The most common symptoms of the disease are a high temperature and spots all over the body.• Many had been lost through disease or in the floods or to thieves.Origin disease (1300-1400) Old French desaise, from aise “relaxed feeling, comfort”dis·ease noun →COLLOCATIONS1LDOCE OnlineChineseSyllable
person, a which affects illness an Corpus
disease
dis‧ease S3 W1 /dɪˈziːz/
noun
disease of
She suffers from a rare disease of the brain.
His father died of heart disease.
She contracted the disease while she was abroad on holiday.
2. [countable] something that is seriously wrong with society or with someone’s mind, behaviour etc:
Loneliness is a disease of our urban communities.
—diseased adjective:
diseased muscles
a diseased plant
■ verbs
▪have a disease How long have you had the disease?
▪suffer from a disease About three million people suffer from the disease.
▪catch/get a disease (also contract a disease formal) He caught the disease while travelling in Africa.
▪develop a disease A few years ago, she developed a serious lung disease.
▪pass on a disease (also transmit a disease formal) They may pass the disease on to their children.
▪cause a disease Smoking is probably the major factor causing heart disease.
▪prevent a disease It has been claimed that fibre in the diet could help prevent many serious diseases.
▪treat a disease The disease can be treated with antibiotics.
▪cure a disease The plant was believed to cure diseases in humans and cattle.
▪fight (a) disease (=try to stop it continuing) Some bacteria help the human body fight disease.
▪a disease spreads The government have no idea how far the disease has spread.
■ ADJECTIVES/NOUN + disease
▪common common childhood diseases
▪rare She suffers from a rare bone disease.
▪serious vaccines against serious diseases like hepatitis and meningitis
▪fatal/deadly (=that causes death) If left untreated, the disease can be fatal. | Thousands of children are struck down by this deadly disease every year.
▪incurable (=that cannot be cured) Diseases that were once thought incurable can be treated with antibiotics.
▪infectious/contagious (=that spreads quickly from one person to another) The disease is highly contagious.
▪a skin/brain/lung etc disease The fumes have caused skin diseases among the villagers.
▪heart/liver/kidney disease He is being treated for kidney disease.
▪a hereditary/inherited disease (=that is passed from parent to child) Parents are offered screening for some hereditary diseases.
▪a sexually-transmitted disease (=that is spread by having sex) There was a worrying rise in the number of sexually-transmitted diseases.
▪a degenerative disease (=that gradually gets worse) She was suffering from a degenerative disease that confined her to a wheelchair.
▪a chronic disease (=continuing for a long time and not possible to cure) Chronic disease is sometimes seen as an inevitable part of being old.
■ phrases
▪a cure for a disease There is no known cure for this disease.
▪an outbreak of a disease (=when a disease appears in a number of people or animals) There has been an outbreak of the disease in Wales.
▪the spread of a disease Knowing the facts about AIDS can prevent the spread of the disease.
▪the symptoms of a disease (=physical signs that someone has a disease) To begin with, there are often no symptoms of the disease.
▪ illness something wrong with your health which makes you feel ill: Her husband was in hospital for six months with a serious illness.
▪disease a particular illness, especially one that spreads to other people easily or that affects one part of your body: childhood diseases such as measles and chickenpox | heart disease
▪infection an illness that is caused by bacteria or a virus: His cough got worse and worse and became a chest infection.
▪condition a health problem that affects you permanently or for a long time: a medical condition such as asthma | a heart condition
▪problem [usually after a noun] something that is wrong with a particular part of your body or your health in general: a serious back problem | health problems
▪trouble [singular, only after a noun] illness or pain that affects a particular part of your body: I’ve had a bit of stomach trouble.
▪disorder formal an illness that prevents a particular organ of your body from working properly, or affects the way you behave: a liver disorder | a blood disorder | Anorexia nervosa is an eating disorder.
dis‧ease S3 W1 /dɪˈziːz/
noun Date: 1300-1400
Language: Old French
Origin: desaise, from aise 'relaxed feeling, comfort'
1. [uncountable and countable] an illness which affects a person, animal, or plantLanguage: Old French
Origin: desaise, from aise 'relaxed feeling, comfort'
disease of
2. [countable] something that is seriously wrong with society or with someone’s mind, behaviour etc:
—diseased adjective:
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disease a medical problem affecting humans, animals or plants, often caused by infection 常指人、动植物感染的病、疾病 ：◆ He suffers from a rare blood disease. 他患有一种罕见的血液病。 illness a medical problem, or a period of suffering from one 指病、疾病或患病期 ：◆ She died after a long illness. 她久病不愈而亡。
disease or illness? 用 disease 还是 illness？
disorder ( an illness that causes a part of the body to stop functioning correctlyrather
指失调、紊乱、不适、疾病 ：◆ a rare disorder of the liver 一种罕见的肝病 NOTE Adisorder is generally not infectious.Disorder is used most frequently with words relating to mental problems, for examplepsychiatric ,personality ,mental andeating . When it is used to talk about physical problems, it is most often used withblood ,bowel andkidney , and these are commonlyserious ,severe orrare .* disorder 一般不传染，多与有关精神问题的词连用，如 psychiatric/personality/mental/eating disorder（精神错乱；人格障碍；精神紊乱；进食障碍）。谈到身体方面的问题常与下列词连用，如 blood/bowel/kidney disorder（血液病；肠道失调；肾脏疾病），这些疾病一般用 serious、severe 或 rare 等词修饰。 infection an illness that is caused by bacteria or a virus and that affects one part of the body 指由细菌或病毒引起的身体某部位的感染或传染疾病 ：◆ a throat infection 喉部感染 condition a medical problem that you have for a long time because it is not possible to cure it 指因不可治愈而长期患有的疾病 ：◆ a heart condition 心脏病 ailment ( an illness that is not very seriousrather
指轻病、小恙 ：◆ childhood ailments 儿童期小病 bug ( an infectious illness that is usually fairly mild指轻微的传染病、小病 ：◆ a nasty flu bug 严重的流感
Patterns
to have/suffer from a(n) disease/illness/disorder/infection/condition/ailment/bugto catch/contract/get/pick up a(n) disease/illness/infection/bug
Becoming ill 生病
catch a cold/an infectious disease/the flu/( flu/pneumonia/a virus/BrE ( a bug染上感冒／传染病／流感／肺炎／病毒／小毛病 get ( ill/BrE ( sick/a disease/AIDS/breast cancer/a cold/the flu/NAmE ( flu/a migraineBrE 患病／艾滋病／乳腺癌／感冒／流感／偏头痛 come down with a cold/the flu/( fluBrE 得了感冒／流感 contract a deadly disease/a serious illness/HIV/AIDS感染致命疾病／严重疾病／艾滋病病毒／艾滋病 be infected with a virus/a parasite/HIV受病毒／寄生虫／艾滋病病毒感染 develop cancer/diabetes/a rash/an ulcer/symptoms of hepatitis患上癌症／糖尿病／皮疹／溃疡；出现肝炎症状 have a heart attack/a stroke心脏病／中风发作 provoke/trigger/produce an allergic reaction引起／产生过敏反应 block/burst/rupture a blood vessel使血管阻塞／破裂 damage/sever a nerve/an artery/a tendon损伤／切断神经／动脉／肌腱
Being ill 病了
feel ( ill/sick/nauseous/queasyBrE 感到不适／想吐／恶心 be running ( a temperature/BrE ( a feverNAmE 发烧 have a head cold/diabetes/heart disease/lung cancer/a headache/( a high temperature/BrE ( a feverNAmE 患伤风感冒／糖尿病／心脏病／肺癌；头痛；发烧 suffer from asthma/malnutrition/frequent headaches/bouts of depression/a mental disorder患哮喘／营养不良症／经常性头痛／多发性抑郁症／精神错乱 be laid up with/ ( BrE be in bed with a cold/the flu/( flu/a migraineBrE 因感冒／流感／偏头痛而卧床休息 nurse a cold/a headache/a hangover调治感冒／头痛／宿醉 battle/fight cancer/depression/addiction/alcoholism与癌症／抑郁症作斗争；戒瘾；戒酒
Treatments 治疗
examine a patient给病人做检查 diagnose a condition/disease/disorder诊断疾病 be diagnosed with cancer/diabetes/schizophrenia诊断为癌症／糖尿病／精神分裂症 prescribe/be given/be on/take drugs/medicine/medication/pills/painkillers/antibiotics开／得到／服用药／药片／止痛药／抗生素 treat sb for cancer/depression/shock治疗某人的癌症／抑郁症／休克 have/undergo an examination/an operation/surgery/a kidney transplant/therapy/chemotherapy/treatment for cancer接受检查／手术／外科手术／肾移植手术／治疗／化疗／癌症治疗 have/be given an injection/( a flu jab/BrE ( a flu shot/a blood transfusion/a scan/an X-rayNAmE 打针；接种流感疫苗；接受输血；做扫描检查；照 X 光 cure a disease/an ailment/cancer/a headache/a patient治疗疾病／病痛／癌症／头痛／病人 prevent the spread of disease/further outbreaks/damage to the lungs防止疾病扩散／疾病进一步爆发／对肺部造成伤害 be vaccinated against the flu/( flu/the measles/BrE ( measles/polio/smallpoxBrE 接种流感／麻疹／小儿麻痹症／天花疫苗 enhance/boost/confer/build immunity to a disease增加对疾病的免疫力