economic
Word family
Longman Dictionary of Contemporary English 5++LDOCE 5++ec·o·nom·ic /ˌekəˈnɒmɪk◂, ˌiː- $ -ˈnɑː-/ ●●● S2 W1 AWL adjective 1 [only before noun]PE relating to trade, industry, and the management of money 经济(上)的 → economy Economic growth is slow. 经济增长缓慢。 the government’s economic policy 政府的经济政策 Economic reform is needed. 经济改革势在必行。 In the current economic climate (=conditions), we must keep costs down. 在当前的经济形势下，我们一定要控制好成本。► see thesaurus at financial2 BFPROFITan economic process, activity etc produces enough profit for it to continue 产生经济效益的，可赚钱的 SYN profitable OPP uneconomic It is no longer economic to run the service. 经营这项服务不再有利可图了。 ► Do not confuse with economical (=cheap or not wasteful). 不要与 economical(经济的，节约的)混淆。n COLLOCATIONSnounseconomic activity (=the amount of buying, selling etc in a country or area)This year we have seen an upturn in global economic activity.economic growth/development (=when businesses become more successful)We have enjoyed a period of steady economic growth.an economic slowdown/downturn (=when businesses become less successful)Experts are predicting an economic slowdown at the beginning of next year.economic recession (=a period during which a country or area has a lot of problems with its economy)People are scared they will lose their homes if there is an economic recession.an economic crisis (=a situation in which there are a lot of problems with the economy, that must be dealt with quickly so the situation does not get worse)The country’s economic crisis continues to deepen as workers demonstrated against rising food prices.economic recovery (=the process in which an economic situation improves after a period of failing)There are now signs of economic recovery in the region.economic problemsThe country’s continuing economic problems could lead to recession.the economic system (=the way in which the economy of a country or area is organized)There are fears that the country’s whole economic system could collapse.an economic policy (=the way in which a government manages the economy of a country or area)Controlling inflation is the main aim of the government’s economic policy.economic reform (=a set of changes made to an economy in order to improve it)The government agreed to a programme of economic reform.the economic climate (=the general economic conditions in a country or area)In the current economic climate, a lot of people are trying to save more and spend less.economic sanctions (=laws that stop trade with another country, as a way of forcing its leaders to make political changes)The UN threatened economic sanctions against the regime.economic performance (=how well a company, country, or economy is doing)How do you explain this poor economic performance over the last few years?economic factor (=a factor involving money or the economy that affects a situation)Complex economic and social factors have contributed to the rise in violent crime.an economic indicator (=something that shows how well the economy of a country is doing, and what is likely to happen to it in the future)The main economic indicators show that the economy is still in decline.Examples from the Corpus
economic• The spies' motives were not political but economic.• The tax breaks will stimulate economic activity.• When approached by the scientists, he persuaded them to include an economic angle to the project.• In this kind of economic climate, employees prefer a lower salary in a job that is secure.• Cuba is emerging from five years of economic crisis.• Investors took their money elsewhere, prompting a far-reaching economic crisis.• a wide variety of economic development strategies• Each region has integrated needs-for public transit, for water and sewer systems, for solid waste treatment, for economic development.• The economic downturn that began in 1929 was enough on its own to cause an initial increase in failures.• By these measures, the economic gap between the wealthier countries and the poorer countries is usually diminished.• Slow economic growth and low consumer spending affected sales last year.• The key issue for corporate profits in the new year will be economic growth.• The rule also sets a stiff economic hurdle for smaller competitors.• In his acceptance speech, he said that the Government's economic policy was damaging business in the north-east.• Investors are holding out from Mexican stocks until they see clear signs of an economic recovery.• The US has maintained tough economic sanctions on Cuba.• World leaders gathered in the Miyako Hotel to map out the agenda for next month's economic summit.• Economic theory Until comparatively recently, bargaining was a subject on which economic theory had very little to say.• Florida will benefit from a number of economic trends that play to its strengths.economic climate• a difficult economic climate• Creditor business continues to be affected by the poor economic climate.• It is a vast undertaking at considerable cost and hence a very brave venture in the current economic climate.• The economic climate in higher education is also a constraint, says George Steele.• In the present economic climate it is doubtful if many lots were actually sold.• This heightened awareness is partly the result of changes in the economic climate of the last ten to fifteen years.• He couldn't understand what was going wrong - although the economic climate was improving, his profits were plummeting.• Is this too much to ask in the current economic climate when priorities may all to easily lie elsewhere?From Longman Business Dictionaryeconomicec‧o‧nom‧ic /ˌekəˈnɒmɪk◂, ˌiː--ˈnɑː-/ adjective [only before a noun]1ECONOMICSCOMMERCErelating to or involving economics, money, finance, industry, trade etcThe economic climate (=general state of the economy) is not likely to improve significantly in the current year.The country is facing a severe economic crisis.The government is trying to promote political stability and economic growth.What are the prospects for economic recovery?2a business or an investment that is economic produces enough profit to make it worth continuing withOilfields that are not economic today may become considerably more attractive when oil prices increase.ec·o·nom·ic adjective →n COLLOCATIONS1LDOCE OnlineChineseSyllable
management relating and money Corpus the of industry, trade, Business to
economic
ec‧o‧nom‧ic S2 W1 AC /ˌekəˈnɒmɪk◂, ˌiː- $ -ˈnɑː-/
adjective
Economic growth is slow.
the government’s economic policy
Economic reform is needed.
In the current economic climate (=conditions), we must keep costs down.
2. an economic process, activity etc produces enough profit for it to continue
SYN profitable
OPP uneconomic:
It is no longer economic to run the service.
HINT: ► Do not confuse with economical (=cheap or not wasteful).
■ nouns
▪economic activity (=the amount of buying, selling etc in a country or area) This year we have seen an upturn in global economic activity.
▪economic growth/development (=when businesses become more successful) We have enjoyed a period of steady economic growth.
▪an economic slowdown/downturn (=when businesses become less successful) Experts are predicting an economic slowdown at the beginning of next year.
▪economic recession (=a period during which a country or area has a lot of problems with its economy) People are scared they will lose their homes if there is an economic recession.
▪an economic crisis (=a situation in which there are a lot of problems with the economy, that must be dealt with quickly so the situation does not get worse) The country’s economic crisis continues to deepen as workers demonstrated against rising food prices.
▪economic recovery (=the process in which an economic situation improves after a period of failing) There are now signs of economic recovery in the region.
▪economic problems The country’s continuing economic problems could lead to recession.
▪the economic system (=the way in which the economy of a country or area is organized) There are fears that the country’s whole economic system could collapse.
▪an economic policy (=the way in which a government manages the economy of a country or area) Controlling inflation is the main aim of the government’s economic policy.
▪economic reform (=a set of changes made to an economy in order to improve it) The government agreed to a programme of economic reform.
▪the economic climate (=the general economic conditions in a country or area) In the current economic climate, a lot of people are trying to save more and spend less.
▪economic sanctions (=laws that stop trade with another country, as a way of forcing its leaders to make political changes) The UN threatened economic sanctions against the regime.
▪economic performance (=how well a company, country, or economy is doing) How do you explain this poor economic performance over the last few years?
▪economic factor (=a factor involving money or the economy that affects a situation) Complex economic and social factors have contributed to the rise in violent crime.
▪an economic indicator (=something that shows how well the economy of a country is doing, and what is likely to happen to it in the future) The main economic indicators show that the economy is still in decline.
▪ financial relating to money or the management of money: businesses that provide personal financial services | the financial problems of old age
▪economic relating to the money of a country, area, or society, and the way it is earned, spent, and controlled: American voters were anxious for a change in economic policy. | an economic crisis
▪fiscal [only before noun] formal relating to the money, debts, tax etc that are owned and managed by the government: fiscal control | The Indian government is trying to reduce the fiscal deficit.
▪monetary [only before noun] formal relating to money, especially all the money in a country, and how it is managed: The Bank of Thailand has retained a tight monetary policy. | the European Monetary System
▪budgetary [only before noun] formal relating to the official plan of how the money of a country or organization is spent: City officials are facing tough budgetary decisions. | the process of budgetary control
ec‧o‧nom‧ic S2 W1 AC /ˌekəˈnɒmɪk◂, ˌiː- $ -ˈnɑː-/
adjective Word Family: noun: economics, economist, economy; adjective: economic, economical ≠ UNECONOMIC(AL), economy; verb: economize; adverb: economically ≠ uneconomically
1. [only before noun] relating to trade, industry, and the management of money ⇨ economy: 2. an economic process, activity etc produces enough profit for it to continue
SYN profitable
OPP uneconomic:
HINT: ► Do not confuse with economical (=cheap or not wasteful).
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economic connected with the trade, industry and development of wealth of a country, an area or a society 指国家、地区或社会经济的、经济上的、经济学的 ：◆ This book deals with the social, economic and political issues of the period. 这本书论及了那个时期的社会、经济和政治问题。 financial connected with money and finance 指财政的、财务的、金融的 ：◆ She had got into financial difficulties. 她陷入了财务困境。 ◆ Tokyo is a major financial centre. 东京是主要的金融中心。 commercial connected with the buying and selling of goods and services 指贸易的、商业的 monetary ( connected with money, especially all the money in a countryor finance 金融 指货币的、钱的，尤指一国的货币 ：◆ closer European monetary union 更为紧密的欧洲货币联盟 budgetary ( connected with a budgetfinance 金融 (= the money available or a plan of how it will be spent )指财政预算的
Patterns
economic/financial/commercial/monetary/budgetary affairs/decisions the economic/financial/commercial/budgetary climate the economic/financial/commercial side of stha(n) economic/financial/commercial centre
Economic means 'connected with the economy of a country or an area, or with the money that a society or an individual has'.* economic 意为与国家、地区、社会或个人经济有关的 ：◆ the government's economic policy 政府的经济政策 ◆ the economic aspects of having children 生育孩子在经济方面的问题
Economical means 'spending money or using something in a careful way that avoids waste'.* economical 意为经济实惠的、节俭的、节约的 ：◆ It is usually economical to buy washing powder in large quantities. 大量购买洗衣粉通常要省钱些。
successful making a lot of money, especially by being popular 指赚钱的、成功的 ：◆ The play was very successful on Broadway. 那出剧在百老汇大获成功。 ◆ The company has had another successful year. 公司又度过了一个兴旺发达之年。 profitable making a profit 指有利润的、赢利的 ：◆ a highly profitable business 一家赢利很高的企业 commercial [ 指赢利的、以获利为目的的 ：◆ The movie was not a commercial success (= .made no profit )这部电影票房收入不佳。 lucrative (of business or work) producing or paying a large amount of money; making a large profit 指生意或工作赚大钱的、获利多的 ：◆ They do a lot of business in lucrative overseas markets. 他们在利润丰厚的海外市场上生意很多。 economic (often used in negative sentences) (of a process, business or activity) producing enough profit to continue （常用于否定句中）指（工序、业务或活动）有利可图的、可赚钱的、合算的 ：◆ Small local shops stop being economic when a supermarket opens up nearby. 附近有超市开业的话，当地的小商店就没有利润可赚了。
Patterns
a successful/profitable/lucrative business a successful/profitable/lucrative year a(n) commercial/economic success