fat
Word family
Longman Dictionary of Contemporary English 5++LDOCE 5++fat1 /fæt/ ●●● S1 W2 adjective (comparative fatter, superlative fattest) 1 flesh 肉FAT weighing too much because you have too much flesh on your body 肥胖的 OPP thin Are you suggesting I’m too fat? 你是不是在说我太胖了？ a short fat man in his early fifties 一个五十岁出头的矮胖男人 You’ll get fat if you eat all that chocolate. 如果你把那些巧克力都吃了，就会变胖的。 He looks much fatter than in his photo. 他看上去比相片上胖多了。2 object 物品THICK OBJECT OR MATERIAL thick or wide 厚的；宽的 OPP thin Dobbs was smoking a fat cigar. 多布斯正抽着一支粗大的雪茄。 a big fat book 一本又大又厚的书 →5 see picture at 见图 thick3 money 钱 [only before noun] informalLOT/LARGE NUMBER OR AMOUNT containing or worth a large amount of money 巨额的 a fat cheque 巨额支票 Of course the supermarkets’ aim is to make fat profits. 当然，超市的目的是要获取丰厚的利润。4 fat chance informalBELIEVE used to say that something is very unlikely to happen 极小的可能性fat chance of ‘You can go to bed now and sleep easy.’ ‘Fat chance of that!’ “现在你可以上床去安心睡觉了。”“怎么可能啊！”5 (a) fat lot of good/use spokenHELP not at all useful or helpful 一点用处也没有的，全然没有帮助的 Fat lot of use you are in the kitchen. 你在厨房一点忙都帮不上。6 fat cat informalRICH someone who has too much money, especially someone who is paid too much for their job – used to show disapproval 阔佬〔尤指薪酬过高的人；含贬义〕 the fat cats at the top who have recently been given obscene pay increases 新近无耻地大涨薪水的上层阔佬们7. in fat city American English old-fashionedRICH having plenty of money 很有钱的8 grow fat on something RICHto become rich because of something – used to show disapproval 靠某物致富，因某事发财〔含贬义〕 The finance men had grown fat on managing other people’s money. 金融界人士为别人打理钱财，养肥了自己。9 a fat lip informal a lip that is swollen because it has been hit 被打肿的嘴唇 My friend was badly injured with bruised ribs and a fat lip. 我的朋友受伤严重，肋骨挫伤，嘴唇发肿。10 approval 赞同 informal another spelling of phat – used to show approval, especially of someone or something that is fashionable, interesting, or attractive 精彩的〔phat的另一种拼法〕fat/phat beats (=music that sounds good) 美妙的音乐 Check out these fat beats. 来听听这些美妙的节奏。 —fatness noun [uncountable] a rise in fatness in children 儿童肥胖现象的增多 THESAURUSfat having too much flesh on your body. It is rude to tell someone that they are fat. It is also better not to use any of these words when talking directly to someone about their body 肥胖的〔说别人fat显得无礼，直接谈论他人身体时最好不要用此类词语〕She thinks she’s fat. 她觉得自己胖。He looks the same, just a little fatter. 他看上去老样子，只是稍微胖了些。overweight weighing more than you should 超重的Many medical conditions are caused by being overweight. 许多病都是超重引起的。She was several kilos overweight. 她超重几公斤。big/large used when saying that someone has a big body. Large is more common than big in written English 〔体型〕大的〔英语书面语中large比big更常用〕My father was a big man. 我爸爸块头很大。two large ladies 两名高大的女子obese extremely fat in a way that is dangerous to your health 病态肥胖的He went to a summer camp for obese teenagers. 他参加了专为肥胖青少年组织的夏令营。chubby slightly fat in a nice-looking way – used especially about babies and children 〔尤指婴儿和幼童〕胖嘟嘟的A chubby little baby was playing on the rug. 一个胖嘟嘟的婴孩在地毯上玩耍。plump a woman or child who is plump is slightly fat, especially in a pleasant way 〔女性〕丰满的；〔孩子〕胖乎乎的Her mother was a plump cheerful woman. 她妈妈是个身材丰满、精神奕奕的女人。flabby having soft loose skin that looks unattractive 〔皮肤〕松弛的a flabby stomach 松弛的腹部Her body was getting old and flabby. 她日渐衰老，皮肤松弛。portly literary fat and round – used especially about fairly old men 〔尤指上年纪的男性〕肥胖的The bishop was a portly middle-aged gentleman. 主教是个胖胖的中年绅士。Examples from the Corpus
fat• Sally hates going swimming -- she thinks her legs are too fat.• Though she weighed only six stone, she thought she was fat.• After thirty years, Teddy looked just the same, only a little fatter.• He's short and fat.• The children's fat Christmas stockings bulged with surprises.• A tall man was smoking a fat cigar.• I'm getting too fat for my clothes.• I always look so fat in pictures.• There was a nice fat letter waiting for him the next morning.• Peter was a fat little boy.• The fat man over to his right had leaned down to the floor.• Most fat people simply eat too much by normal standards.• Remember that old joke: In every fat person there is a thin one trying to get out.• fat red plastic earrings• The colonel rubbed his fat stomach, reaching for something from the table to put into his mouth.• My stomach's much fatter than yours.• He left the waitress a nice fat tip.• He pulled out a fat wallet stuffed with banknotes.get fat• The cat's starting to get fat.• I want to remain exceptionally thin, because then I am never likely to get fat.• Sir Alan will be fired before the goose gets fat.• You can have your cake and eat it; the only trouble is, you get fat.• A cyclical deficit is like Melvin, who, understandably, gets fat in the hospital, because he can not exercise.• It may not look like it in the mirror, but getting fat is all in your head.• He was obviously getting fat on his pickings, whatever his game was.• While some special interests get fat, the average taxpayer gets stuck cleaning up the manure and feeling pretty frail.fat profits• Grocer profits While other retailers are dropping like flies, supermarkets are making fat profits.• The computer diet that could mean fat profits.• The whole system was financed by smuggling gold purchased by his clients' money, and the organiser made fat profits.• He mentions the fat profits of the pharmaceutical companies.fat2 ●●● S2 W2 noun 1 [uncountable]HBA a substance that is stored under the skin of people and animals, that helps to keep them warm 脂肪；肥肉 Rolls of fat bulged over his collar. 一圈圈的赘肉从他领口溢出来。 I didn’t like the meat – there was too much fat on it. 我不喜欢那肉——太肥了。2 [countable, uncountable]DFN an oily substance contained in certain foods 〔某些食物中所含的〕脂肪 Cream has a high fat content. 奶油中脂肪含量高。high/low in fat This cheese is relatively low in fat. 这种奶酪脂肪含量相对较低。 You should think about reducing your fat intake (=the amount of fat you eat). 你应当考虑减少脂肪摄入量。high-fat/low-fat a low-fat diet 低脂饮食 → saturated fat3 [countable, uncountable]DFC an oily substance taken from animals or plants and used in cooking 食用油；烹调用油4. the fat is in the fire PROBLEMused to say that there will be trouble because of something that has happened 闯祸了，有麻烦了5. live off the fat of the land EARNto get enough money to live comfortably without doing much work 过养尊处优的生活6. run to fat FATto start to become fat, especially because you are getting older or do not do much exercise 〔尤因上年纪或不常运动而〕开始发胖 → chew the fat at chew1(4), → puppy fatExamples from the Corpus
fat• Place over medium-high heat and reduce by half, skimming off any fat that accumulates on surface.• Fry the potatoes in oil or bacon fat.• Scissor-snip the bacon fat at intervals to help it release its fat.• As a result of this, the amount of calories, fat and saturated fat is very much reduced.• Tea, margarine and cooking fat were rationed to 2 ozs per week.• Wipe off all excess fat and slice thinly to serve.• It had a nutty flavor and very little fat.• A portion of tuna packed in water contains 1.2 grams of fat.• A roll of fat bulged over his belt.• He added a side of potatoes that included some fat.• Take two chicken breasts, and cut off all the fat.• The simple changes reduce the total fat in the diet by quiet a large amount.fat intake• Furthermore, dietary manipulation studies have shown that high fat intake can increase faecal bile acid excretion.• Getting your diet right Reduce fat intake - to 15% of your diet or less.• So it is also the diet to choose if you have sensibly taken to heart the well-established benefits of reducing fat intake.• These foods will make up the calories they are losing when cutting down on their saturated fat intake.• Poly-unsaturated fats should constitute the next largest share of your fat intake, after mono-unsaturated fats.Origin fat1 Old English fættyou have much Corpus too weighing because
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fat
fat1 S2 W3 /fæt/ 
adjective (comparative fatter, superlative fattest)
OPP thin:
Are you suggesting I’m too fat?
a short fat man in his early fifties
You’ll get fat if you eat all that chocolate.
He looks much fatter than in his photo.
2. OBJECT thick or wide
OPP thin:
Dobbs was smoking a fat cigar.
a big fat book
3. MONEY [only before noun] informal containing or worth a large amount of money:
a fat cheque
Of course the supermarkets’ aim is to make fat profits.
4. fat chance informal used to say that something is very unlikely to happen
fat chance of
‘You can go to bed now and sleep easy.’ ‘Fat chance of that!’
5. (a) fat lot of good/use spoken not at all useful or helpful:
Fat lot of use you are in the kitchen.
6. fat cat informal someone who has too much money, especially someone who is paid too much for their job – used in order to show disapproval:
the fat cats at the top who have recently been given obscene pay increases
7. in fat city American English old-fashioned having plenty of money
8. grow fat on something to become rich because of something – used to show disapproval:
The finance men had grown fat on managing other people’s money.
9. a fat lip informal a lip that is swollen because it has been hit:
My friend was badly injured with bruised ribs and a fat lip.
10. APPROVAL informal another spelling of phat – used to show approval, especially of someone or something that is fashionable, interesting, or attractive
fat/phat beats (=music that sounds good)
Check out these fat beats.
—fatness noun [uncountable]:
a rise in fatness in children
▪ fat having too much flesh on your body. It is rude to tell someone that they are fat. It is also better not to use any of these words when talking directly to someone about their body: She thinks she’s fat. | He looks the same, just a little fatter.
▪overweight weighing more than you should: Many medical conditions are caused by being overweight. | She was several kilos overweight.
▪big/large used when saying that someone has a big body. Large is more common than big in written English: My father was a big man. | two large ladies
▪obese extremely fat in a way that is dangerous to your health: He went to a summer camp for obese teenagers.
▪chubby slightly fat in a nice-looking way – used especially about babies and children: A chubby little baby was playing on the rug.
▪plump a woman or child who is plump is slightly fat, especially in a pleasant way: Her mother was a plump cheerful woman.
▪flabby having soft loose skin that looks unattractive: a flabby stomach | Her body was getting old and flabby.
▪portly literary fat and round – used especially about fairly old men: The bishop was a portly middle-aged gentleman.
fat2 noun1. [uncountable] a substance that is stored under the skin of people and animals, that helps to keep them warm:
Rolls of fat bulged over his collar.
I didn’t like the meat – there was too much fat on it.
2. [uncountable and countable] an oily substance contained in certain foods:
Cream has a high fat content.
high/low in fat
This cheese is relatively low in fat.
You should think about reducing your fat intake (=the amount of fat you eat).
high-fat/low-fat
a low-fat diet ⇨ saturated fat
3. [uncountable and countable] an oily substance taken from animals or plants and used in cooking:
Place the chicken in the hot fat.
4. the fat is in the fire used to say that there will be trouble because of something that has happened
5. live off the fat of the land to get enough money to live comfortably without doing much work
6. run to fat to start to become fat, especially because you are getting older or do not do much exercise
⇨ chew the fat at chew1(4), ⇨ puppy fat
| I |
adjective (comparative fatter, superlative fattest) Language: Old English
Origin: fætt
1. FLESH weighing too much because you have too much flesh on your body Origin: fætt
OPP thin:
2. OBJECT thick or wide
OPP thin:
3. MONEY [only before noun] informal containing or worth a large amount of money:
4. fat chance informal used to say that something is very unlikely to happen
fat chance of
5. (a) fat lot of good/use spoken not at all useful or helpful:
6. fat cat informal someone who has too much money, especially someone who is paid too much for their job – used in order to show disapproval:
7. in fat city American English old-fashioned having plenty of money
8. grow fat on something to become rich because of something – used to show disapproval:
9. a fat lip informal a lip that is swollen because it has been hit:
10. APPROVAL informal another spelling of phat – used to show approval, especially of someone or something that is fashionable, interesting, or attractive
fat/phat beats (=music that sounds good)
—fatness noun [uncountable]:
| THESAURUS |
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| II |
noun1. [uncountable] a substance that is stored under the skin of people and animals, that helps to keep them warm: 2. [uncountable and countable] an oily substance contained in certain foods:
high/low in fat
high-fat/low-fat
3. [uncountable and countable] an oily substance taken from animals or plants and used in cooking:
4. the fat is in the fire used to say that there will be trouble because of something that has happened
5. live off the fat of the land to get enough money to live comfortably without doing much work
6. run to fat to start to become fat, especially because you are getting older or do not do much exercise
⇨ chew the fat at chew1(4), ⇨ puppy fat
Fat is the most common and direct word, but it is not polite to say to someone that they are fat.* fat 最常用，意思最直接，但当面说某人 fat 不礼貌 ：◆ Does this dress make me look fat? 我穿这连衣裙显胖吗？ ◆ You're looking fat now. Overweight is a more neutral word.* overweight 是比较中性的词 ：◆ I'm a bit overweight. 我有点超重。 It can also mean too fat, especially so that you are not fit. 这词亦含过胖之义，尤指身体不健康。 Large orheavy is less offensive thanfat .与 fat 相比，large 或 heavy 含冒犯意较少 ：◆ She's a rather large woman. 她是个大块头。 Big describes someone who is tall as well as fat.* big 指人又高又胖 ：◆ Her sister is a big girl, isn't she? 她姐姐块头挺大的，是吗？ Plump means slightly fat in an attractive way, often used to describe women.* plump 常用于形容女性丰满。 Chubby is used mainly to describe babies and children who are fat in a pleasant, healthy-looking way.* chubby 主要用以形容婴儿和孩子健康可爱、胖乎乎的样子 ：◆ the baby's chubby cheeks 婴儿胖乎乎的脸蛋 Tubby ( is used in a friendly way to describe people who are short and round, especially around the stomach.* tubby（非正式）用于善意地描述矮胖的人，尤指肚子圆滚滚的。 Stocky is a neutral word and means fairly short, broad and strong.* stocky 是中性词，意为矮壮。 Stout is often used to describe older people who have a round and heavy appearance.* stout 常用以描述圆胖壮实的较年长者 ：◆ a short stout man with a bald head 一个矮壮秃顶男人 Flabby describes flesh that is fat and loose.* flabby 指肌肉肥胖松弛，有冒犯意 ：◆ exercises to firm up flabby thighs 使大腿松弛肌肉结实的锻炼 Obese is used by doctors to describe people who are so fat that they are unhealthy. It is also used in a general way to mean 'really fat'.* obese 是医学用语，指患肥胖症，亦可泛指十分肥胖。
Fat is the most common and direct word, but it is not polite to say to someone that they are fat.* fat 最常用，意思最直接，但当面说某人 fat 不礼貌 ：◆ Does this dress make me look fat? 我穿这连衣裙显胖吗？ ◆ You're looking fat now. Overweight is a more neutral word.* overweight 是比较中性的词 ：◆ I'm a bit overweight. 我有点超重。 It can also mean too fat, especially so that you are not fit. 这词亦含过胖之义，尤指身体不健康。 Large orheavy is less offensive thanfat .与 fat 相比，large 或 heavy 含冒犯意较少 ：◆ She's a rather large woman. 她是个大块头。 Big describes someone who is tall as well as fat.* big 指人又高又胖 ：◆ Her sister is a big girl, isn't she? 她姐姐块头挺大的，是吗？ Plump means slightly fat in an attractive way, often used to describe women.* plump 常用于形容女性丰满。 Chubby is used mainly to describe babies and children who are fat in a pleasant, healthy-looking way.* chubby 主要用以形容婴儿和孩子健康可爱、胖乎乎的样子 ：◆ the baby's chubby cheeks 婴儿胖乎乎的脸蛋 Tubby ( is used in a friendly way to describe people who are short and round, especially around the stomach.* tubby（非正式）用于善意地描述矮胖的人，尤指肚子圆滚滚的。 Stocky is a neutral word and means fairly short, broad and strong.* stocky 是中性词，意为矮壮。 Stout is often used to describe older people who have a round and heavy appearance.* stout 常用以描述圆胖壮实的较年长者 ：◆ a short stout man with a bald head 一个矮壮秃顶男人 Flabby describes flesh that is fat and loose.* flabby 指肌肉肥胖松弛，有冒犯意 ：◆ exercises to firm up flabby thighs 使大腿松弛肌肉结实的锻炼 Obese is used by doctors to describe people who are so fat that they are unhealthy. It is also used in a general way to mean 'really fat'.* obese 是医学用语，指患肥胖症，亦可泛指十分肥胖。
Weight 体重
put on/gain/lose weight/a few kilos/a few pounds增加／减少体重／几公斤／几磅 watch/control/struggle with your weight关注／控制体重；努力减肥 be/become seriously overweight/underweight已经／变得严重超重／体重不足 be/become clinically/morbidly obese已经是／变成临床／病态肥胖 achieve/facilitate/promote/stimulate weight loss达到减轻体重的目的；促进减肥 slim down to 70 kilos/( 11 stone/BrE ( 160 poundsespecially
NAmE 减肥到 70 公斤／11 英石／160 磅 combat/prevent/tackle/treat obesity遏制／防止／解决／治疗肥胖 develop/have/suffer from/struggle with/recover from anorexia/bulimia/an eating disorder患上／对抗／治愈厌食症／贪食症／饮食失调症 be on/go on/follow a crash/strict diet采用快速减肥食谱；严格节食 have/suffer from a negative/poor body image有不好的身体形象 have/develop a positive/healthy body image具有／达到好的／健康的身体形象
Healthy eating 健康的饮食
eat a balanced diet/healthily/sensibly吃得均衡／健康／合理 get/provide/receive adequate/proper nutrition获得／提供／得到充足的／合适的营养 contain/get/provide essential nutrients/vitamins/minerals含有／得到／提供必需的营养素／维生素／矿物质 be high/low in calories/fat/fibre/( fiber/protein/vitamin D/Omega-3 fatty acidsespecially
热量／脂肪／纤维素／蛋白质／维生素 D／欧米加 3 脂肪酸含量高／低 contain (no)/use/be full of/be free from additives/chemical preservatives/artificial sweeteners（不）含／使用／含有大量／不含添加剂／化学防腐剂／人工甜味剂 avoid/cut down on/cut out alcohol/caffeine/fatty foods避免摄取／减少／戒酒／咖啡因／高脂食物 stop/give up/ ( especially
NAmE quit smoking戒烟
Exercise 锻炼
( BrE take regular exercise经常锻炼 do moderate/strenuous/vigorous exercise做适度／剧烈运动 play football/hockey/tennis玩足球／曲棍球／网球 go cycling/jogging/running骑自行车；慢跑；跑步 go to/visit/ ( especially
NAmE hit/work out at the gym去健身房锻炼 strengthen/tone/train your stomach muscles增强／锻炼腹肌 contract/relax/stretch/use/work your lower-body muscles收缩／放松／伸展／使用／锻炼下肢的肌肉 build (up)/gain muscle增强肌肉 improve/increase your stamina/energy levels/physical fitness增强耐力／体能／体质 burn/consume/expend calories消耗热量
Staying healthy 保持健康
be/get/keep/stay healthy/in shape/( fitespecially
BrE 身体健康；变得／保持健康 lower your cholesterol/blood pressure降低胆固醇／血压 boost/stimulate/strengthen your immune system增强免疫力 prevent/reduce the risk of heart disease/high blood pressure/diabetes/osteoporosis预防／减少患心脏病／高血压／糖尿病／骨质疏松的风险 reduce/relieve/manage/combat stress缓解／控制压力 enhance/promote relaxation/physical and mental well-being有助于身体放松／身心健康