fire
Longman Dictionary of Contemporary English 5++LDOCE 5++fire1 /faɪə $ faɪr/ ●●● S1 W1 noun 1 flames that destroy things 毁坏东西的火焰 [countable, uncountable]FIRE uncontrolled flames, light, and heat that destroy and damage things 火；失火，火灾 The warehouse was completely destroyed by fire. 仓库全给烧毁了。 Thirty people died in a fire in downtown Chicago. 30人死于芝加哥市中心的一场火灾。 Police think that the fire was started deliberately. 警方认为有人故意纵火。 Rioters set fire to a whole row of stores (=made them start burning). 暴徒纵火焚烧了一整排商店。non fire (=burning)n Within minutes, the entire building was on fire.n Grammar ✗ Don’t say: in fire2 flames for heating/cooking etc 取暖/烹饪等用的火 [countable]FIRE burning material used to heat a room, cook food etc, or get rid of things you do not want 炉火，灶火 You put up the tent and I’ll make a fire. 你搭帐篷，我来生火。 Can you help me light the fire? 你帮我点火好吗？ The fire has almost gone out (=stopped burning). 火差不多灭了。 They all sat around the camp fire, singing songs. 他们全都坐在篝火旁唱歌。 The fire was still smouldering in the grate (=there was a little smoke and it had almost stopped burning). 炉膛里仍有余火。by the fire/in front of the fire 坐到炉火前面来。 Come and sit by the fire. 坐到炉火前面来。 They dried their clothes in front of an open fire. 他们在明火前烘衣服。3 heating equipment 取暖设备 [countable] British EnglishDHF a machine that produces heat to warm a room, using gas or electricity as power 取暖器，暖气装置 a gas fire 煤气取暖器 an electric fire 电取暖器turn the fire on/off Turn on the fire, I’m cold. 开取暖器吧，我冷。turn the fire up/down (=make it hotter or colder) 开大/关小取暖器4 shooting 射击 [uncountable]SHOOT shots fired from a gun, especially many guns at the same time 射击，火力 Troops opened fire on (=started shooting at) the demonstrators. 军队朝示威人群开枪。 These women did vital work, often under enemy fire. 这些女性的工作至关重要，而且往往是在敌人的炮火之下。 The rebels agreed to hold their fire (=not shoot). 叛乱分子同意停止射击。 → be in the line of fire at line1(35)5 BE ATTACKED 遭受攻击be/come under fire a) to be severely criticized for something you have done – used in news reports 受到严厉[猛烈]批评〔用于新闻报道〕 Rail chiefs came under fire after raising train fares. 火车票涨价之后，铁路方面主管人员受到猛烈抨击。 b) to be shot at 遭枪击be/come under fire from Our patrol came under fire from rooftop gunmen. 我们的巡逻队遭到了屋顶枪手的射击。6 emotion 感情 [uncountable]EMOTIONAL a very strong emotion that makes you want to think about nothing else 狂热的情感，激情7 fire in your belly a strong desire to achieve something 雄心壮志，强烈的愿望8. SICK/INJURED 生病的/受伤的be on fire literaryHURT/CAUSE PAIN a part of your body that is on fire feels very painful 〔身体某部位〕火辣辣地疼痛9. light a fire under somebody American English spokenWORK THAT somebody DOES to do something that makes someone who is being lazy start doing their work 使某人〔指偷懒者〕加把劲10. go through fire (and water) (for somebody) old-fashionedDANGEROUS to do something very difficult and dangerous for someone （为某人）赴汤蹈火11. fire and brimstone RRCa phrase describing Hell, used by some religious people 硫磺烈火〔一些宗教人士形容地狱的说法〕 → ceasefire, → add fuel to the fire/flames at add(9), → fight fire with fire at fight1(18), → get on like a house on fire at house1(11), → hang fire at hang1(12), → play with fire at play1(26), → set the world on fire at world1(26), → there’s no smoke without fire at smoke1(5) COLLOCATIONS – Meaning 1: uncontrolled flames, light, and heat that destroy and damage things 火；失火，火灾verbsstart a fire 生火，点火The fire may have been started by a cigarette. 火灾可能是由一支香烟引起的。set fire to something/set something on fire (=make something start burning) 点着某物A candle fell over, setting fire to the curtains. 一支蜡烛倒了，点着了窗帘。something catches fire (=it starts burning) 某物着火The boat caught fire and sank. 小船着火沉没了。put out a fire (also extinguish a fire formal) (=stop a fire burning) 灭火Firemen successfully extinguished the fire. 消防员成功扑灭了大火。fight a fire (=try to make a fire stop burning) 救火Further attempts to fight the fire were abandoned. 放弃了继续救火的尝试。a fire burns 火燃烧The fire was burning more strongly every minute. 眼看着火越烧越旺。a fire breaks out (=it starts suddenly) 失火A fire broke out in the engine room. 轮机舱失火了。a fire goes out (=it stops burning) 火熄灭After several hours, the fire eventually went out. 几个小时后，火终于熄灭了。a fire rages/blazes (=it burns strongly for a long time over a large area) 大火肆虐nFires were raging in the forest near Magleby.a fire spreads 大火蔓延nThe fire spread to the house next door. something is damaged/destroyed by fire 某物毁于大火nThe school was badly damaged by fire.phrasesbe on fire (=be burning) 着火The whole house was on fire within minutes. 不消几分钟，整幢房子都烧了起来。bring a fire under control 控制火势Firefighters took more than an hour to bring the fire under control. 消防员用一个多小时控制住了火势。ADJECTIVES/NOUN + firea big/major fire 大火A big fire was raging at the fuel depot. 油库燃起大火。a forest fire (=a very large fire in a forest) 森林火灾nGreece has suffered many forest fires this year.na brush fire (=a very large fire in an area of grass)There were frequent brush fires during the hot dry summers.a house fire (=a fire that starts inside a house) 住宅火灾nFaulty electrical wiring is being blamed for a house fire. COLLOCATIONS – Meaning 2: burning material used to heat a room, cook food etc, or get rid of things you do not want 炉火，灶火nverbsmake/build a fireHe found wood to make a fire.start/light a fireIt was too damp to light a fire.put something on the firePut another log on the fire.cook something over a fireThey cooked strips of meat over a wood fire.a fire smoulders (=a little smoke comes from a fire when it has almost gone out)The fire was smouldering in the grate. 炉膛里仍有余火。a fire dies down (=it burns less strongly)The fire slowly died down.ADJECTIVES/NOUN + firenan open fire (=a fire in a room that is not inside a stove etc)Sophie warmed herself by the open fire.na roaring fire (=a fire that is burning strongly)I sat by the roaring fire and dried off.na camp fire (=a fire that you make outside when you are camping)In the evening we sat around the camp fire.na coal/wood/log fireThere was a coal fire in the sitting room.a gas fire 煤气取暖器nShe lit the gas fire and settled in front of the TV.na real fire (=one that burns wood or coal)There was a real fire blazing in the fireplace.nphrasesthe embers of a fire (=pieces of wood, coal etc that have almost been completely burned)He stared at the glowing embers of the fire. THESAURUSfire flames that burn in an uncontrolled way and destroy or damage things 火灾In April, a fire at the school destroyed the science block. 四月份,学校的一场大火烧毁了理科大楼。a forest fire 森林火灾flames the bright parts of a fire that you see burning in the air 火焰The flames from the burning building were lighting up the night sky. 失火大楼上腾起的火焰照亮了夜空。blaze written a large and dangerous fire – used especially in news reports 烈火〔尤用于新闻报道〕Firemen fought to keep the blaze under control. 消防员奋力控制火势。inferno written an extremely large and dangerous fire which is out of control – used especially in news reports 熊熊烈火，火海〔指难以控制的火势；尤用于新闻报道〕The entire building was on fire and hundreds of people were trapped in the inferno. 整幢大楼都在燃烧，数百人被困火海。conflagration /ˌkɒnfləˈɡreɪʃən $ ˌkɑːn-/ formal a very large fire that destroys a lot of buildings, trees etc 大火The conflagration spread rapidly through the old town. 大火迅速蔓延整个古镇。
Examples from the Corpus
fire• Georg Latzelberger, was destroyed in a forced-landing having been hit by both fighters and A.A. fire.• Eleven people died in a fire in Chicago early Monday.• The most commonly used pumps are submersible electric ones that pump out water through what looks like a fire hose.• The old man lit a fire in the stove of the front room.• The ship was hit by fire from a German plane.• We noticed that the enemy fire was now being directed at our part of the field.• A forest fire had been raging in the south and the sky in that direction had a deep red glow.• There was a sudden burst of machine gun fire.• There's nothing more comforting than a blazing log fire.• The rebel musketry fire was pouring... upon our men, who were closing together and rallying under the attack.• Most animals are afraid of fire.• It will not even perish by the flames of fire.• He thought that they would stay there, the track giving them visibility and line of fire.• My feet were on fire after the trek up the mountain.• The three main mast tips suddenly spout fire casting an eerie glow over the ship.• In the evenings the whole family would gather around the fire.• Police believe the fire in the store was started deliberately.• Could you bring in some wood for the fire?• You got the fire way up high.• Investigators say the fire probably broke out in the hotel kitchen.• Winds quickly spread the fire across the valley.• The fire was started by an electrical fault.• The fire quickly spread throughout the building.• When did humans first learn to use fire?turn the fire on/off• He turned the fire off and sat down on the settee, looking at the woman all the while.hold ... fire• Hold Fire to keep the shape attached; release it to send it flying.• The church has held them through fire and cholera epidemics since they arrived here with the compliments of the Bishop of London.• She found herself thinking, I have held my fire too long and lost the moment of action.• I held my fire until the enemy was within range.• It held passion and fire, it was a kiss of domination that asked for surrender yet promised surrender in return.• I am going to hold my fire until I see the whites of their eyes.• Thiercelin signalled to the sharpshooters manning the lower windows of the dining-room to hold their fire.• One could see the edges of the iron basket which held the fire.fire of• Nothing could dampen the fire of his enthusiasm for music.fire2 ●●○ S3 W3 verb 1 shoot 射击 [intransitive, transitive]SHOOT to shoot bullets or bombs 开（枪），开 （炮），发射2 job 工作LEAVE A JOB OR ORGANIZATION [transitive] to force someone to leave their job 开除，解雇 SYN British English sack3 excite 使激动 [transitive]EXCITEDINTERESTED to make someone feel interested in something and excited about it 使充满热情；激发，激励 SYN inspire4. QUESTIONS 问题fire questions at somebody ASK A QUESTIONto ask someone a lot of questions quickly, often in order to criticize them 对某人提出一连串质问5 wood-fired/gas-fired/coal-fired using wood, gas, or coal as fuel 烧木柴的/烧煤气的/烧煤的6 clay 黏土 [transitive]TIP to bake bricks, clay pots etc in a kiln 〔在窰里〕烧制7. engine 发动机 [intransitive]TTC if a vehicle’s engine fires, the petrol is lit to make the engine work 点火，启动8 be firing on all cylinders informalCRAZY to be thinking or doing something well, using all your mental abilities and energy 开足马力，全力以赴n THESAURUSfire (also dismiss formal) to make someone leave their job, especially because they have done something wrongHe was fired for surfing the Internet during work time.Harris was caught stealing, and was dismissed from his job.sack/give somebody the sack British English informal to make someone leave their job, especially because they are not good at it, or because they have done something wrongBates was sacked from his job after the team failed to win any games.His boss gave him the sack for taking too much time off work.lay somebody off to make a lot of workers, especially workers in a large factory or organization, leave their jobs, because there is not enough work for them to do, or not enough money to pay their wages3000 car workers have been laid off at the factory in Cleveland.make somebody redundant British English to make someone leave their job because they are no longer needed5 staff will be made redundant at the end of this month.let somebody go to make someone leave their job, Used by employers to avoid saying directly that they are getting rid of peopleWe’ve had to let two members of staff go.discharge to make someone leave their job in the army, air force etcGrant had been discharged from the navy for threatening an officer.ease somebody out to make someone leave their job in a way that makes it seem as if they have chosen to leaveHe had been eased out of office in an attempt to prevent a political crisis.relieve somebody of their post/position formal to make someone leave their job because they have done something wrong – used especially to avoid saying this directly, and also when the job is a powerful oneThe colonel and two other senior officers were relieved of their posts. PHRASAL VERBS→ See Verb tableExamples from the Corpus
fire• You're fired!• He regained his balance, took aim, and fired.• Suddenly the car stopped, and the passenger got out and fired a Kalashnikov rifle at the police car.• The company fired a top executive for his role in improper financial dealings.• Not only can he be fired again, but probably he will be fired again.• As soldiers jumped out of the lorries, firing all around, helicopter gunships appeared overhead.• No shot is fired and no further shots may be fired that game - the gun is now useless.• Chapa was fired at the same time as Lozano.• As soon as we crossed the border, enemy troops started firing at us.• The two hapless groups of men now mostly hid, endured, and awaited their opportunity to fire back or escape.• The system has previously undergone six months of preliminary tests in the same Redwood City neighborhood, with officers firing blanks.• Several shots were fired, but no one was injured.• She was fired for serious professional misconduct.• When Max was fired from his job the whole family had to pack up and leave town.• He was just impossible to work with, and in the end they fired him.• During the night the accused fired his air gun out of the window of his first-floor flat.• The police fired into the air to make the crowd break up.• He's getting ready to fire me, she thought.• Kendrick fired three shots at the President's car.fire bullets/missiles/rockets etc• It had two lids which you closed once you were in, and instead of bullets, it fired rockets.• Police believe the weapon may have been a standard cartridge shotgun, specially adapted to fire bullets.• A gun is known to fire bullets at precisely three hundred and thirty meters per second.• There exist rifles which fire bullets faster than the speed of sound.• The guerrillas still fire rockets from well inside the security perimeter.• Gunshots crackled as police fired bullets into the air.• The device, which used a shotgun modified to fire bullets, was concealed in a wooden box hidden among trees.be/get fired• After three or four losses, there were rumors that Paul was going to get fired.• And, even after that policy fell, it would be another decade before flight attendants could become pregnant without getting fired.• Not only can he be fired again, but probably he will be fired again.• She knew too much to be fired and she refused to be bought out with money or offers of promotion.• Gas-operated and self-loading from a thirty-round magazine, they could be fired from the shoulder or the hip.• The idea was to enclose the pottery to be fired in a chamber.• Some directory-assistance operators and installation and maintenance employees will be fired, Sheth predicts.• If Anderson does not accept terms at four, the orders are he shall be fired upon.From Longman Business Dictionaryfirefire /faɪəfaɪr/ verb [transitive]HUMAN RESOURCES to dismiss someone from their jobSYN SACKLee Iacocca worked his way up to the presidency of Ford Motor Company, from which he was abruptly fired by Henry Ford II.The government aimed to sell off state assets and fire about 80,000 workers.fire somebody for somethingThe airline fired him for being drunk.→ See Verb tableOrigin fire1 Old English fyrfire1 noun →n GRAMMAR1 →COLLOCATIONS1
→COLLOCATIONS2 →THESAURUS1fire2 verb →n GRAMMAR1 →n GRAMMAR2
→REGISTER1 →n THESAURUS1 →PHRASAL VERBS1LDOCE OnlineChinese
→COLLOCATIONS2 →THESAURUS1fire2 verb →n GRAMMAR1 →n GRAMMAR2
→REGISTER1 →n THESAURUS1 →PHRASAL VERBS1LDOCE OnlineChinese
heat light, and uncontrolled that destroy Business Corpus damage flames, things and
fire
fire1 S1 W1 /faɪə $ faɪr/ 
noun
The warehouse was completely destroyed by fire.
Thirty people died in a fire in downtown Chicago.
Police think that the fire was started deliberately.
Rioters set fire to a whole row of stores (=made them start burning).
2. FLAMES FOR HEATING/COOKING ETC [countable] burning material used to heat a room, cook food etc, or get rid of things you do not want:
You put up the tent and I’ll make a fire.
Can you help me light the fire?
The fire has almost gone out (=stopped burning).
They all sat around the camp fire, singing songs.
The fire was still smouldering in the grate (=there was a little smoke and it had almost stopped burning).
by the fire/in front of the fire
Come and sit by the fire.
They dried their clothes in front of an open fire.
3. HEATING EQUIPMENT [countable] British English a machine that produces heat to warm a room, using gas or electricity as power:
a gas fire
an electric fire
turn the fire on/off
Turn on the fire, I’m cold.
turn the fire up/down (=make it hotter or colder)
4. SHOOTING [uncountable] shots fired from a gun, especially many guns at the same time:
Troops opened fire on (=started shooting at) the demonstrators.
These women did vital work, often under enemy fire.
The rebels agreed to hold their fire (=not shoot). ⇨ be in the line of fire at line1(35)
5. BE ATTACKED be/come under fire
a. to be severely criticized for something you have done – used in news reports:
Rail chiefs came under fire after raising train fares.
b. to be shot at
be/come under fire from
Our patrol came under fire from rooftop gunmen.
6. EMOTION [uncountable] a very strong emotion that makes you want to think about nothing else
fire of
the fire of religious fanaticism
7. fire in your belly a strong desire to achieve something:
Ali returned to boxing with a new fire in his belly.
8. SICK/INJURED be on fire literary a part of your body that is on fire feels very painful
9. light a fire under somebody American English spoken to do something that makes someone who is being lazy start doing their work
10. go through fire (and water) (for somebody) old-fashioned to do something very difficult and dangerous for someone
11. fire and brimstone a phrase describing Hell, used by some religious people
⇨ ceasefire, ⇨ add fuel to the fire/flames at add(9), ⇨ fight fire with fire at fight1(18), ⇨ get on like a house on fire at house1(13), ⇨ hang fire at hang1(12), ⇨ play with fire at play1(26), ⇨ set the world on fire at world1(22), ⇨ there’s no smoke without fire at smoke1(5)
■ verbs
▪start a fire The fire may have been started by a cigarette.
▪set fire to something/set something on fire (=make something start burning) A candle fell over, setting fire to the curtains.
▪something catches fire (=it starts burning) The boat caught fire and sank.
▪put out a fire (also extinguish a fire formal) (=stop a fire burning) Firemen successfully extinguished the fire.
▪fight a fire (=try to make a fire stop burning) Further attempts to fight the fire were abandoned.
▪a fire burns The fire was burning more strongly every minute.
▪a fire breaks out (=it starts suddenly) A fire broke out in the engine room.
▪a fire goes out (=it stops burning) After several hours, the fire eventually went out.
▪a fire rages/blazes (=it burns strongly for a long time over a large area) Fires were raging in the forest near Magleby.
▪a fire spreads The fire spread to the house next door.
▪something is damaged/destroyed by fire The school was badly damaged by fire.
■ phrases
▪be on fire (=be burning) The whole house was on fire within minutes.
▪bring a fire under control Firefighters took more than an hour to bring the fire under control.
■ ADJECTIVES/NOUN + fire
▪a big/major fire A big fire was raging at the fuel depot.
▪a forest fire (=a very large fire in a forest) Greece has suffered many forest fires this year.
▪a brush fire (=a very large fire in an area of grass) There were frequent brush fires during the hot dry summers.
▪a house fire (=a fire that starts inside a house) Faulty electrical wiring is being blamed for a house fire.
■ verbs
▪make/build a fire He found wood to make a fire.
▪start/light a fire It was too damp to light a fire.
▪put something on the fire Put another log on the fire.
▪cook something over a fire They cooked strips of meat over a wood fire.
▪a fire smoulders (=a little smoke comes from a fire when it has almost gone out) The fire was smouldering in the grate.
▪a fire dies down (=it burns less strongly) The fire slowly died down.
■ ADJECTIVES/NOUN + fire
▪an open fire (=a fire in a room that is not inside a stove etc) Sophie warmed herself by the open fire.
▪a roaring fire (=a fire that is burning strongly) I sat by the roaring fire and dried off.
▪a camp fire (=a fire that you make outside when you are camping) In the evening we sat around the camp fire.
▪a coal/wood/log fire There was a coal fire in the sitting room.
▪a gas fire She lit the gas fire and settled in front of the TV.
▪a real fire (=one that burns wood or coal) There was a real fire blazing in the fireplace.
■ phrases
▪the embers of a fire (=pieces of wood, coal etc that have almost been completely burned) He stared at the glowing embers of the fire.
▪ fire flames that burn in an uncontrolled way and destroy or damage things: In April, a fire at the school destroyed the science block. | a forest fire
▪flames the bright parts of a fire that you see burning in the air: The flames from the burning building were lighting up the night sky.
▪blaze written a large and dangerous fire – used especially in news reports: Firemen fought to keep the blaze under control.
▪inferno written an extremely large and dangerous fire which is out of control – used especially in news reports: The entire building was on fire and hundreds of people were trapped in the inferno.
▪conflagration /ˌkɒnfləˈɡreɪʃən $ ˌkɑːn-/ formal a very large fire that destroys a lot of buildings, trees etc: The conflagration spread rapidly through the old town.
fire2 S3 W3 verb
1. SHOOT [intransitive and transitive] to shoot bullets or bombs
fire at/on/into
Soldiers fired on the crowd.
fire something at somebody
The police fired two shots at the suspects before they surrendered.
fire a gun/weapon/rifle etc (=make it shoot)
the sound of a gun being fired
fire bullets/missiles/rockets etc
Guerrillas fired five rockets at the capital yesterday, killing 23 people.
2. JOB [transitive] to force someone to leave their job
SYN sack British English
be/get fired
She didn’t want to get fired.
fire somebody from something
I’ve just been fired from my job, and I don’t know what to do.
fire somebody for something
The airline fired him for being drunk.
REGISTER
In written English, people usually say that someone is dismissed rather than fired, which is slightly informal:
▪He was dismissed for being drunk.
3. EXCITE [transitive] to make someone feel interested in something and excited about it
SYN inspire
be fired with enthusiasm
I was fired with enthusiasm to go traveling in Asia.
fire sb’s enthusiasm/imagination
stories of magic and adventure that fire children’s imaginations
4. QUESTIONS fire questions at somebody to ask someone a lot of questions quickly, often in order to criticize them
5. wood-fired/gas-fired/coal-fired using wood, gas, or coal as fuel:
a gas-fired stove
a coal-fired boiler
6. CLAY [transitive] to bake bricks, clay pots etc in a kiln:
fired earthenware
7. ENGINE [intransitive] if a vehicle’s engine fires, the petrol is lit to make the engine work
8. be firing on all cylinders informal to be thinking or doing something well, using all your mental abilities and energy:
When the team’s firing on all cylinders, they can beat the best in the league.
▪ fire (also dismiss formal) to make someone leave their job, especially because they have done something wrong: He was fired for surfing the Internet during work time. | Harris was caught stealing, and was dismissed from his job.
▪sack/give somebody the sack British English informal to make someone leave their job, especially because they are not good at it, or because they have done something wrong: Bates was sacked from his job after the team failed to win any games. | His boss gave him the sack for taking too much time off work.
▪lay somebody off to make a lot of workers, especially workers in a large factory or organization, leave their jobs, because there is not enough work for them to do, or not enough money to pay their wages: 3000 car workers have been laid off at the factory in Cleveland.
▪make somebody redundant British English to make someone leave their job because they are no longer needed: 5 staff will be made redundant at the end of this month.
▪let somebody go to make someone leave their job, Used by employers to avoid saying directly that they are getting rid of people: We’ve had to let two members of staff go.
▪discharge to make someone leave their job in the army, air force etc: Grant had been discharged from the navy for threatening an officer.
▪ease somebody out to make someone leave their job in a way that makes it seem as if they have chosen to leave: He had been eased out of office in an attempt to prevent a political crisis.
▪relieve somebody of their post/position formal to make someone leave their job because they have done something wrong. Used especially to avoid saying this directly, and also when the job is a powerful one: The colonel and two other senior officers were relieved of their posts.
fire away phrasal verb
[only in imperative] spoken used to tell someone that you are ready to answer questions:
‘Do you mind if I ask you something, Woody?’ ‘Fire away.’
fire back phrasal verb
to quickly and angrily answer a question or remark
fire back at
President Bush has fired back at his critics.
fire something ↔ off phrasal verb
1. to shoot a bullet, bomb etc into the air:
Chuck reloaded and fired off both barrels.
Mexicans have a tradition of firing off guns to welcome in the new year.
2. to quickly send an angry letter to someone:
I fired off a furious letter to the editor.
fire somebody ↔ up phrasal verb [usually passive]
to make someone become very excited, interested, or angry:
It was alarming the way she got so fired up about small things.
| I |
noun Language: Old English
Origin: fyr
1. FLAMES THAT DESTROY THINGS [uncountable and countable] uncontrolled flames, light, and heat that destroy and damage things:Origin: fyr
2. FLAMES FOR HEATING/COOKING ETC [countable] burning material used to heat a room, cook food etc, or get rid of things you do not want:
by the fire/in front of the fire
3. HEATING EQUIPMENT [countable] British English a machine that produces heat to warm a room, using gas or electricity as power:
turn the fire on/off
turn the fire up/down (=make it hotter or colder)
4. SHOOTING [uncountable] shots fired from a gun, especially many guns at the same time:
5. BE ATTACKED be/come under fire
a. to be severely criticized for something you have done – used in news reports:
b. to be shot at
be/come under fire from
6. EMOTION [uncountable] a very strong emotion that makes you want to think about nothing else
fire of
7. fire in your belly a strong desire to achieve something:
8. SICK/INJURED be on fire literary a part of your body that is on fire feels very painful
9. light a fire under somebody American English spoken to do something that makes someone who is being lazy start doing their work
10. go through fire (and water) (for somebody) old-fashioned to do something very difficult and dangerous for someone
11. fire and brimstone a phrase describing Hell, used by some religious people
⇨ ceasefire, ⇨ add fuel to the fire/flames at add(9), ⇨ fight fire with fire at fight1(18), ⇨ get on like a house on fire at house1(13), ⇨ hang fire at hang1(12), ⇨ play with fire at play1(26), ⇨ set the world on fire at world1(22), ⇨ there’s no smoke without fire at smoke1(5)
| COLLOCATIONS |
| (for Meaning 1) |
▪
▪
▪
▪
▪
▪
▪
▪
▪
▪
▪
■ phrases
▪
▪
■ ADJECTIVES/NOUN + fire
▪
▪
▪
▪
| COLLOCATIONS |
| (for Meaning 2) |
▪
▪
▪
▪
▪
▪
■ ADJECTIVES/NOUN + fire
▪
▪
▪
▪
▪
▪
■ phrases
▪
| THESAURUS |
▪
▪
▪
▪
| II |
verb1. SHOOT [intransitive and transitive] to shoot bullets or bombs
fire at/on/into
fire something at somebody
fire a gun/weapon/rifle etc (=make it shoot)
fire bullets/missiles/rockets etc
2. JOB [transitive] to force someone to leave their job
SYN sack British English
be/get fired
fire somebody from something
fire somebody for something
REGISTER
In written English, people usually say that someone is dismissed rather than fired, which is slightly informal:
▪
3. EXCITE [transitive] to make someone feel interested in something and excited about it
SYN inspire
be fired with enthusiasm
fire sb’s enthusiasm/imagination
4. QUESTIONS fire questions at somebody to ask someone a lot of questions quickly, often in order to criticize them
5. wood-fired/gas-fired/coal-fired using wood, gas, or coal as fuel:
6. CLAY [transitive] to bake bricks, clay pots etc in a kiln:
7. ENGINE [intransitive] if a vehicle’s engine fires, the petrol is lit to make the engine work
8. be firing on all cylinders informal to be thinking or doing something well, using all your mental abilities and energy:
| THESAURUS |
▪
▪
▪
▪
▪
▪
▪
fire away phrasal verb
[only in imperative] spoken used to tell someone that you are ready to answer questions:
fire back phrasal verb
to quickly and angrily answer a question or remark
fire back at
fire something ↔ off phrasal verb
1. to shoot a bullet, bomb etc into the air:
2. to quickly send an angry letter to someone:
fire somebody ↔ up phrasal verb [usually passive]
to make someone become very excited, interested, or angry:
especially
also
Starting a war 开战
declare/make/wage war (on sb/sth)（向…）宣战／挑起战争／发动战争 go to war (against/with sb)（向…）开战 cause/spark/provoke/foment/quell unrest引起／平息骚乱 incite/lead/crush/suppress a revolt/rebellion煽动／领导／镇压起义／叛乱 launch/mount/carry out a surprise/terrorist attack发起／实施突然／恐怖袭击 prevent/halt/represent an escalation of the conflict防止／阻止／表明冲突升级 be torn apart by/be on the brink of civil war被内战搞得四分五裂；濒于内战 enter/invade/occupy sb's territory进入／侵略／占领某人的领土 lead/launch/resist/repel an invasion领导／发起／抵制／击退武装入侵
Military operations 军事行动
adopt/develop/implement/pursue a military strategy采用／发展／实施／执行军事战略 carry out/execute/perform military operations/manoeuvres/( maneuversespecially
执行军事行动／军事演习 send/deploy/station/pull back/withdraw troops派遣／部署／派驻／撤回部队 go on/fly/carry out a reconnaissance/rescue mission进行／驾机执行／执行侦察／营救任务 train/equip/deploy army/military/combat units训练／装备／部署陆军／军事／作战分队 lead/launch/conduct a raid/a surprise attack/an (air/airborne/amphibious) assault (on sb)领导／发起／实施（对某人的）突然袭击／（空中／空投部队／登陆）攻击 employ/use guerrilla tactics采用游击战术 conduct/wage biological/guerrilla warfare进行／发动生物战／游击战 fight/crush/defeat the rebels/the insurgency设法战胜／镇压／挫败叛乱者／叛乱 suffer/inflict a crushing defeat遭受惨败；大获全胜 achieve/win a decisive victory赢得决定性的胜利 halt/stop the British/German/Russian advance阻止英国／德国／俄罗斯的前进 order/force a retreat命令／强迫撤退
Fighting 作战
join/serve in the army/navy/air force加入陆军／海军／空军；在陆军／海军／空军部队服役 be/go/remain/serve on active duty在服现役 serve/complete/return from a tour of duty在服役；服役完毕；服役归来 be sent to the front (line)被派往前线 attack/strike/engage/defeat/kill/destroy the enemy袭击／攻击敌人；与敌人交战；击败／杀死／消灭敌人 see/report/be engaged in heavy fighting目睹／报道／参与激战 call for/be met with armed resistance要求／遭遇武装抵抗 come under heavy/machine-gun/mortar fire冒着激烈的／机关枪的／迫击炮的射击 fire a machine-gun/mortar shells/rockets (at sb/sth)（对…）发射机关枪／迫击炮弹／火箭弹 shoot a rifle/a pistol/bullets/missiles步枪／手枪射击；发射子弹／导弹 launch/fire a cruise/ballistic/anti-tank missile发射巡航／弹道／反坦克导弹 use biological/chemical/nuclear weapons使用生物／化学／核武器 inflict/suffer/sustain heavy losses/casualties遭受惨重损失／伤亡 be hit/killed by enemy/friendly/artillery fire被敌军／友军／炮火击中／射死 become/be held as a prisoner of war成为战俘；作为战俘被监禁
Civilians in war 战争中的平民
harm/kill/target/protect innocent/unarmed civilians伤害／杀死／瞄准／保护无辜的／手无寸铁的平民 cause/avoid/limit/minimize civilian casualties/collateral damage导致／避免／限制／最大限度减少平民伤亡／附带性破坏 impose/enforce/lift a curfew强制实行／解除宵禁 engage in/be a victim of ethnic cleansing参与种族清洗；成为种族清洗的受害者 be sent to an internment/a concentration camp被送到俘虏拘留营／集中营 accept/house/resettle refugees fleeing from war接受／收容／安置战争难民 fear/threaten military/violent reprisals害怕／扬言要军事／暴力报复 commit/be accused of war crimes/crimes against humanity/genocide犯／被指控犯战争罪／反人类罪／种族灭绝罪
Making peace 和解
make/bring/win/achieve/maintain/promote peace促使／带来／赢得／实现／保持／促进和平 call for/negotiate/broker/declare a ceasefire/a temporary truce要求／商谈／协商／宣布停战／暂时休战 sign a ceasefire agreement签署停战协议 call for/bring/put an end to hostilities要求发动／引发／结束战争 demand/negotiate/accept the surrender of sb/sth强烈要求／商讨／接受…投降 establish/send (in) a peacekeeping force建立／派遣维和部队 negotiate/conclude/ratify/sign/accept/reject/break/violate a peace treaty商讨／达成／正式批准／签署／接受／拒绝／破坏／违反和平协定
Losing your job 失业
lose your job失业 ( BrE become/be made redundant被裁减 be offered/take voluntary redundancy/early retirement被要求／选择自愿裁退／提前退休 face/be threatened with dismissal/( the sack/BrE ( compulsory redundancyBrE 面临被解职／被裁／强制裁员；受到解职／被裁／强制裁员的威胁 dismiss/fire/ ( especially
BrE sack an employee/a worker/a manager解雇雇员／工人／经理 lay off staff/workers/employees解雇员工／工人／雇员 ( retrench workers缩减人员 cut/reduce/downsize/slash the workforce裁减员工 ( BrE make staff/workers/employees redundant裁员
Being unemployed 失业；待业；下岗
be unemployed/out of work/out of a job失业 seek/look for work/employment找工作 be on/collect/draw/get/receive ( unemployment benefit/Jobseeker's Allowanceboth
BrE 领取失业补助金 be/go/live/sign ( on the doleBrE 领取失业救济金 claim/draw/get ( the doleBrE 领取失业救济金 be on/qualify for ( unemployment (compensation)NAmE 领取／有资格领取失业补偿金 be/go/live/depend ( on welfareNAmE 靠社会保障金过活 collect/receive ( welfareNAmE 领取社会保障金 combat/tackle/cut/reduce unemployment防止／解决／减少失业
