further
Longman Dictionary of Contemporary English 5++LDOCE 5++fur·ther1 /ˈfɜːðə $ ˈfɜːrðər/ ●●● S1 W1 adverb 1 more 更多地MORE THAN something OR somebody ELSE more, or to a greater degree 进一步；在更大程度上 A spokesman declined to comment until the evidence could be studied further. 一位发言人拒绝在证据得到进一步验证之前发表评论。 The flavour of the wine is further improved during the aging period. 葡萄酒口感在陈化过程中进一步提升。 Whaling in Australia was stopped. But the Australian government went further (=said or did something more extreme) and proposed a global ban. 澳大利亚已停止捕鲸，但是澳大利亚政府更进一步建议全球禁捕。further into/away etc Marcus sank further and further into debt. 马库斯的债越欠越多。► see thesaurus at more2 take something further MORE/EXTRAto take action at a more serious or higher level, especially in order to get the result you want 进一步做某事〔尤为取得所需结果〕 The police do not propose to take the matter further. 警方不打算进一步追查此事。take something a stage/step further Critics want the government to take this a stage further and ban the film altogether. 批评人士希望政府的这一举动能更进一步，全面禁止这部影片。3 distance 距离 (also farther)FAR a greater distance, or beyond a particular place 更远；再往前地 They walked a little further. 他们又往前走了一点。further up/away/along etc His farm is located further away from Riobamba than his brother’s. 他的农场比他兄弟的农场离里奥班巴更远。 His hands moved further down her back. 他的手在她背上继续往下滑。 They’ve never been further south than San Diego. 他们从没有到过比圣迭戈更往南的地方。4 time 时间AFTER into the past or the future 〔过去或未来〕更久远，较远further back/on/ahead etc Five years further on, a cure has still not been found. 五年过去了，仍未找到对症的疗法。 The records don’t go any further back than 1960. 记录没有1960年以前的。 It might be a sign, much further down the road (=in the future), of a change in policy. 这可能是未来政策改变的一个迹象。5 in addition 而且 [sentence adverb] formalAND/ALSO used to introduce something additional that you want to talk about 此外；而且 SYN furthermore Butter sales have fallen because margarine has improved in flavor. Further, butter consumption has decreased because of links to heart disease. 黄油销量下滑是因为人造黄油的味道有了改进。此外，因为与心脏疾病有关，黄油的消耗量也减少了。6 further to something written formalAND/ALSO used in letters to mention a previous letter, conversation etc about the same matter 关于某事〔用于书信，提及上次有关同一事件的信件、谈话等〕 SYN following Further to your letter of February 5th, we can confirm your order. 关于贵方2月5日来函，我们确认贵方之订单。7 nothing could be further from the truth UNTRUEused when you want to say that something is completely untrue 完全不是事实 People often described him as a bitter academic, but nothing could be further from the truth. 人们经常说他是个爱发牢骚的书呆子，但事实完全不是那样。8. nothing could be/is further from somebody’s mind/thoughts used to emphasize that someone is not thinking about or intending something 某人根本没在想[打算做]某事9. something must not go any further SECRETused to say that something you are telling someone is secret or private 某事不可外传
Examples from the Corpus
further• The Soviet Union tested its own hydrogen bomb within a year, and the nuclear arms race escalated further.• He declined to discuss the robbery further.• Mortality appears to be higher, though officials are reluctant to put a number to it until they investigate further.• At Buitoni we go even further and blend a full five eggs - quality controlled and fully pasteurised - into each kilo.• Moving to a new location further hurt Tanya's business.• The cheese's flavor and texture may be further improved during the aging period.• It further investigates the impact of these changes on management culture and employee relations in a number of privatized companies.• It is possible to make good movies cheaply. Further, "low-budget" doesn't have to mean "bad."• They've never been further south than San Diego.• How much further would Fen decide to travel?went further• A leading quality expert went further.• Yet the new antisemitism went further.• He went further and said that the prosecution bore that burden whenever the issue of prejudice through delay was raised.• He went further and tied the distances between the sites in with the known distances between planets in the solar system.• You went further from home, into the poorest areas.• I - I went further than I intended and I fell over.• Because he went further than most into that unimaginable world of extreme pain and violence.• Yet he went further than this ... food must be produced from a healthy, living soil.further up/away/along etc• We felt as if we were driving into the heart of the wilderness, our deadlines drifting further and further away.• Two other buzzards wheel in on big circling paths further along, about 30m above the woods.• These in turn inhibit some adjacent cells but excite others further away, and so on.• The farm buildings so often found below the galleries are situated further away in this case.• Could Mr Smith be another Warrior, or even further up the hierarchy of Tormentors than he'd thought?• A little further up the street Peter was watching Jack.• She inched further away to the corner of the sofa.further back/on/ahead etc• Other elements were further back, and they started firing.• For this shot you should position the ball further back in your stance and compensate by fractionally strengthening the left-hand grip.• To go no further back than the nineteenth century, we have had the fateful dates 1815,1871,1914.• Similar patterns of dispersal could be seen on the terraces themselves, with S3 always standing further back than the rest.• The present owners have worked further on the property converting the castle itself and the surrounding stone farm buildings into comfortable residences.• You want me to go further on the record with that?• And it stretches even further back, to a time when men rode animals, not machines.• Looking further back, we can see the book as very largely a composite of earlier extended drafts.further2 ●●○ adjective [only before noun] 1 MORE/EXTRAmore or additional 更多的；附加的 Are there any further questions? 还有其他问题吗？ We have decided to take no further action. 我们决定不采取进一步行动。further details/information etc Visit our website for further details. 欲知详情，请访问我们的网站。a further 10 miles/5 minutes etc Cook gently for a further 10 minutes. 再用文火煮10分钟。► see thesaurus at more2 until further notice AFTERuntil you are told that something has changed 直至另行通知Examples from the Corpus
further• Strike action will continue for a further 24 hours.• However, I would certainly not want to give a commitment about a further debate.• He wanted to roll on to his back and float, no further effort.• An extra half-mile in the Tom Masson Hurdle will see further improvement, and he will be hard to beat.• For further information, contact the help line.• For further information, travelers may contact the consulate.• Any possibility of further reductions in respite care should be strenuously resisted.• A further set of issues contributing significantly to globalization concerns the environment.• It has one further surprise for us!• The doctors are keeping her in hospital to do further tests.no further action• Instead, he sagged back in his chair and took no further action.• Smith told Slater to control himself but took no further action.• The allegations were serious, and it had not been supposed that the children would be allowed home with no further action.• The Panel added that it would take no further action in either case.• If this is satisfactory then no further action is required, as the fasting cholesterol will be lower than the random determination.• While I was personally convinced that abuse had taken place, it appeared that no further action was likely.• If a second reminder was unsuccessful no further action was taken.• Once these have been serviced no further actions will result.further3 ●○○ verb [transitive] SUCCESSFULto help something progress or be successful 促进，推动 → promote He dedicated his life to furthering the cause of world peace. 他一生致力于推动世界和平事业。 Alan had been using her to further his career. 艾伦一直在利用她来发展自己的事业。→ See Verb tableExamples from the Corpus
further• Rodney had no opportunities to further his education.• He assured anybody who asked that his group was also against violence in furthering its cause.• Its goal was to further school-to-work efforts in the United States through a peer-to-peer recruitment of corporate leaders.• The intention behind the book is furthering the necessarily slow process of changing values.• What is the continuing education budget post-entry and the employer's commitment to assist you in furthering your own professional commitment?further ... career• In recent weeks Janet has become aware that her colleague Alan has been using her to further his career.• Others, either purposely or accidentally, found the war useful to further their careers.• We market them, we introduce them and we further their careers.• At the same time I wanted to further my career and win more medals.• Leopold felt it his duty to further Wolfgang's career from the start at the expense of his own.• I couldn't further his career in any way or extend his mind.• She not only got pregnant but also found it impossible to further her career in the Tory party.• Railwaymen were going to object to funds being used to further the political careers of such men.Origin further1 Old English furthor; related to forthfur·ther1 adverbfurther2 adjectivefurther3 verbChineseSyllable
more, greater Corpus degree or to a
further
fur‧ther1 S1 W1 /ˈfɜːðə $ ˈfɜːrðər/ 
adverb
A spokesman declined to comment until the evidence could be studied further.
The flavour of the wine is further improved during the aging period.
Whaling in Australia was stopped. But the Australian government went further (=said or did something more extreme) and proposed a global ban.
further into/away etc
Marcus sank further and further into debt.
2. take something further to take action at a more serious or higher level, especially in order to get the result you want:
The police do not propose to take the matter further.
take something a stage/step further
Critics want the government to take this a stage further and ban the film altogether.
3. DISTANCE (also farther) a greater distance, or beyond a particular place:
They walked a little further.
further up/away/along etc
His farm is located further away from Riobamba than his brother’s.
His hands moved further down her back.
They’ve never been further south than San Diego.
4. TIME into the past or the future
further back/on/ahead etc
Five years further on, a cure has still not been found.
The records don’t go any further back than 1960.
It might be a sign, much further down the road (=in the future), of a change in policy.
5. IN ADDITION [sentence adverb] formal used to introduce something additional that you want to talk about
SYN furthermore:
Butter sales have fallen because margarine has improved in flavor. Further, butter consumption has decreased because of links to heart disease.
6. further to something written formal used in letters to mention a previous letter, conversation etc about the same matter
SYN following:
Further to your letter of February 5th, we can confirm your order.
7. nothing could be further from the truth used when you want to say that something is completely untrue:
People often described him as a bitter academic, but nothing could be further from the truth.
8. nothing could be/is further from sb’s mind/thoughts used to emphasize that someone is not thinking about or intending something
9. something must not go any further used to say that something you are telling someone is secret or private
▪ more in addition to an amount or number: Can I have some more coffee? | I have one more question. | It only costs a few dollars more.
▪further [only before noun] formal as well as the ones that you have already mentioned: She will remain in hospital for further tests. | They waited for a further two hours.
▪supplementary formal in addition to the main part of something: Supplementary information is available on request. | a supplementary question | supplementary income
▪extra in addition to the usual or standard cost, time, amount etc: They let the kids stay up an extra hour. | Some stores charge extra for delivery. | Postage is extra.
▪additional [only before noun] more than the basic amount or the amount that you expected or agreed. Additional is more formal than extra: An evening job would provide additional income. | There may be an additional charge for paying bills by credit card.
further2 adjective [only before noun]
1. more or additional:
Are there any further questions?
We have decided to take no further action.
further details/information etc
Visit our website for further details.
a further 10 miles/5 minutes etc
Cook gently for a further 10 minutes.
2. until further notice until you are told that something has changed:
Lacunza ordered the suspension of the elections until further notice.
further3 verb [transitive]
to help something progress or be successful ⇨ promote:
He dedicated his life to furthering the cause of world peace.
Alan had been using her to further his career.
| I |
adverb Language: Old English
Origin: furthor; related to forth
1. MORE more, or to a greater degree:Origin: furthor; related to forth
further into/away etc
2. take something further to take action at a more serious or higher level, especially in order to get the result you want:
take something a stage/step further
3. DISTANCE (also farther) a greater distance, or beyond a particular place:
further up/away/along etc
4. TIME into the past or the future
further back/on/ahead etc
5. IN ADDITION [sentence adverb] formal used to introduce something additional that you want to talk about
SYN furthermore:
6. further to something written formal used in letters to mention a previous letter, conversation etc about the same matter
SYN following:
7. nothing could be further from the truth used when you want to say that something is completely untrue:
8. nothing could be/is further from sb’s mind/thoughts used to emphasize that someone is not thinking about or intending something
9. something must not go any further used to say that something you are telling someone is secret or private
| THESAURUS |
▪
▪
▪
▪
| II |
adjective [only before noun]1. more or additional:
further details/information etc
a further 10 miles/5 minutes etc
2. until further notice until you are told that something has changed:
| III |
verb [transitive]to help something progress or be successful ⇨ promote:
especially
These are the comparative and superlative forms of far .以上为 far 的比较级和最高级形式。 To talk about distance, use either farther ,farthest orfurther ,furthest . InBrE further ,furthest are the most common forms and inNAmE further andfarthest .表示距离既可用 farther、farthest，也可用 further、furthest。英式英语最常用 further、furthest，美式英语最常用 further、farthest ：◆ I have to travel further/farther to work now. 现在我得走更远的路去上班。 To talk about the degree or extent of something, further/furthest are usually preferred.表示事物的程度或幅度通常宜用 further/furthest ：◆ Let's consider this point further. 让我们更深入地考虑这一点。 Further , but notfarther , can also mean 'more' or 'additional'.* further 亦可表示更加或进一步，farther 则无此意 ：◆ Are there any further questions? 还有什么问题吗？ This sounds very formal in NAmE 这在美式英语中是很正式的用法。
Adding another item 补充说明
◆ Bilingual children do better in IQ tests than children who speak only one language. In addition /What is more , they seem to find it easier to learn third or even fourth languages.讲两种语言的儿童比只讲一种语言的儿童智商测试得分更高。此外／而且，讲两种语言的儿童似乎在学习第三种甚至第四种语言时觉得更容易。 ◆ Learning another language not only improves children's job prospects in later life,but also boosts their self-esteem.学习另一种语言不仅可以提升儿童未来的职业前景，而且可以增强他们的自尊心。 ◆ Teaching children a second language improves their job prospects in later life. Other benefitsinclude increased self-esteem and greater tolerance of other cultures.教儿童第二语言可以提升他们未来的职业前景。此外，还可以使他们获得更强的自尊心、对其他文化更包容。 ◆ Another /One further /One additional reason for encouraging bilingual education is that it boosts children's self-esteem.另一个鼓励双语教育的原因是它能增强儿童的自尊心。 ◆ Studies suggest that bilingual children find it easier to learn additional languages. There is, moreover , increasing evidence that bilingual children perform better across a range of school subjects, not just foreign languages.研究表明，讲两种语言的儿童学习其他语言觉得更容易。此外，越来越多的证据表明，讲两种语言的儿童不仅在外语学习上，同时在其他各门学科的学习上都表现得更好。 ◆ His claim that children find bilingual education confusing is based on very little evidence. Moreover , the evidence he does provide is seriously flawed.他认为双语教育会使儿童感到迷惑的说法几乎是没有依据的。况且，他仅有的证据也是有严重缺陷的。 ◆ Research has shown that first-language development is not impeded by exposure to a second language. Furthermore , there is no evidence to support the claim that children find bilingual education confusing.研究已经表明，接触第二语言不会妨碍第一语言的发展。而且，没有证据支持双语教育使儿童感到迷惑这种说法。