grate
Longman Dictionary of Contemporary English 5++LDOCE 5++grate1 /ɡreɪt/ noun [countable] DHFthe metal bars and frame that hold the wood, coal etc in a fireplace 〔壁炉的〕金属炉架
Examples from the Corpus
grate• She took the two halves of the letter away, tore them in fragments, and burned them in her grate.• The windows were covered with iron grates.• Through the slate-floored living-room, with its exposed beams, open grate and massive heart-of-oak mantelpiece, was the kitchen.• The homeless slept on subway grates to keep warm.• A thousand people, mostly men, gathered around the grate one day last spring to witness a double execution.• The scrubbing was the nastiest, she thought despairingly, bad though blacking the grates, particularly the kitchen range, was.• Even with the furnace on, he had the servants put coal in the grates of most of the rooms.• Fires smouldered in the grates of sitting-rooms, but the passages and bedrooms at Kinton were apt to be piercingly cold.• Those in front clambered up on to the grates that covered the entrance.grate2 verb 1 [transitive]DFC to rub cheese, vegetables etc against a rough or sharp surface in order to break them into small pieces 磨碎，擦碎〔干酪、水果等〕 grated cheese 磨碎的干酪 Peel and grate the potatoes. 把马铃薯削皮磨碎。► see thesaurus at cut2 [transitive] written to talk in a low rough voice 粗声粗气地说话 → hiss ‘Let me go, ’ he grated harshly. “放我走。”他粗声粗气地说，口气很凶。3 [intransitive]ANNOY to annoy someone 使人烦恼，使人难受grate on Mr Fen had a loud voice that grated on her ears. 芬先生嗓门很大，直刺她的耳朵。4 [intransitive, transitive]SOUND to make an unpleasant sound by rubbing, or to make something do this （使）发出刺耳的摩擦声 The stones beneath her shoes grated harshly. 石子在她鞋底下吱嘎作响，声音很刺耳。→ See Verb tableExamples from the Corpus
grate• The Parmesan cheese was freshly grated.• Cool on a wire rack, then cut in two horizontally. 4 To make filling, finely grate orange.• I always like to grate some cheese over the potatoes before serving them.• Drain well. 3 Peel and roughly grate the carrots.• She started to grate the cheese.• Although their characters grate, the performances almost always please.Origin grate1 (1300-1400) Medieval Latin crata, grata “something made of woven sticks”, from Latin cratis; → CRATE1 grate2 (1300-1400) Old French grater “to make marks in a surface”grate1 noungrate2 verbChinese
frame metal and that Corpus bars the hold
See ldoce4176jpg for more
grate
grate1 /ɡreɪt/ 
noun [countable]
■ preparing food
▪grate to cut cheese, carrot etc into small pieces by rubbing it against a special tool: Grate the cheese and sprinkle it over the top of the pasta.
▪melt to make butter, chocolate etc become liquid: Melt the butter, chocolate, and 1 teaspoon of cream over a low heat.
▪sieve British English, sift American English to put flour or other powders through a sieve (=tool like a net made of wire, which you use for removing larger grains or pieces): Sift the flour and cocoa before adding to the rest of the mixture.
▪chop to cut something into pieces, especially using a big knife: Chop up the vegetables.
▪dice to cut vegetables or meat into small square pieces: Dice the carrots and then fry them in butter.
▪season to add salt, pepper etc to food: Season the meat before grilling.
▪crush to use a lot of force to break something such as seeds into very small pieces or into a powder: Add one clove of crushed garlic.
▪mix to combine different foods together: Mix together all the ingredients in one bowl.
▪beat/whisk to mix food together quickly with a fork or other tool: Whisk the egg whites until they form soft peaks.
▪stir to turn food around with a spoon: Stir the sauce gently to prevent burning.
▪fold something in to gently mix another substance into a mixture: Fold in the beaten egg whites.
▪knead to press dough (=a mixture of flour and water) many times with your hands when you are making bread: Knead the dough for ten minutes, until smooth.
▪drizzle to slowly pour a small amount of a liquid onto something: Drizzle with olive oil.
▪let something stand to leave something somewhere, before you do something else with it: Let the mixture stand for a couple of hours so that it cools naturally.
▪serve to put different foods together as part of a meal: Serve with rice and a salad. | Serve the aubergines on a bed of lettuce.
grate2 verb
grated cheese
Peel and grate the potatoes.
2. [transitive] written to talk in a low rough voice ⇨ hiss:
‘Let me go,’ he grated harshly.
3. [intransitive] to annoy someone
grate on
Mr Fen had a loud voice that grated on her ears.
4. [intransitive and transitive] to make an unpleasant sound by rubbing, or to make something do this:
The stones beneath her shoes grated harshly.
▪ cut to divide something into two or more pieces, especially using a knife or scissors: Do you want me to cut the cake? | He cut off the lower branches.
▪snip to quickly cut something, especially using scissors: I snipped the label off. | The hairdresser snipped away at her hair.
▪slit to make a long narrow cut through something, especially using a knife: He slit the envelope open with a penknife. | She slit through the plastic covering.
▪slash to cut something quickly and violently with a knife, making a long thin cut: Someone had slashed the tyres on his car. | He tried to slash his wrists.
▪saw to cut wood, using a saw (=a tool with a row of sharp points): Saw the wood to the correct length.
▪chop to cut wood, vegetables, or meat into pieces: Bill was outside chopping up firewood with an axe. | They chopped down the old tree. | finely chopped onion
▪slice to cut bread, meat, or vegetables into thin pieces: I’ll slice the cucumber. | Slice the bread thinly.
▪dice to cut vegetables or meat into small square pieces: First dice the apple into cubes.
▪grate to cut cheese or a hard vegetable by rubbing it against a special tool: Grate the cheese and sprinkle it over the vegetables.
▪peel to cut the outside part off something such as a potato or apple: I peeled the potatoes and put them in a saucepan.
▪carve to cut thin pieces from a large piece of meat: Uncle Ray carved the turkey.
▪mow to cut the grass in a garden, park etc: A gardener was mowing the lawn.
▪trim (also clip ) to cut a small amount off something, especially to make it look neater: He was trimming his beard. | Trim the excess fat off the meat.
| I |
noun [countable] Date: 1300-1400
Language: Medieval Latin
Origin: crata, grata 'something made of woven sticks', from Latin cratis; ⇨ crate1
the metal bars and frame that hold the wood, coal etc in a fireplaceLanguage: Medieval Latin
Origin: crata, grata 'something made of woven sticks', from Latin cratis; ⇨ crate1
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| II |
verb Date: 1300-1400
Language: Old French
Origin: grater 'to make marks in a surface'
1. [transitive] to rub cheese, vegetables etc against a rough or sharp surface in order to break them into small pieces:Language: Old French
Origin: grater 'to make marks in a surface'
2. [transitive] written to talk in a low rough voice ⇨ hiss:
3. [intransitive] to annoy someone
grate on
4. [intransitive and transitive] to make an unpleasant sound by rubbing, or to make something do this:
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Preparing 准备
prepare a dish/a meal/a menu/dinner/the fish准备一道菜／一顿饭／一份菜单／正餐／鱼 weigh out 100g/4oz of sugar/the ingredients称出 100 克／4 盎司的糖／食材 wash/rinse the lettuce/spinach/watercress洗生菜／菠菜／西洋菜 chop/slice/dice the carrots/onions/potatoes把胡萝卜／洋葱／土豆切碎／切成片／切成丁 peel the carrots/onion/potatoes/garlic/orange给胡萝卜／洋葱／土豆／大蒜／橘子去皮 grate a carrot/the cheese/some nutmeg将胡萝卜／干酪／一些肉豆蔻磨碎 remove/discard the bones/seeds/skin去骨；去籽；去皮 blend/combine/mix (together) the flour and water/all the ingredients把面粉和水／所有的食材和在一起 beat/whisk the cream/eggs/egg whites搅打奶油／鸡蛋／鸡蛋清 knead/shape/roll (out) the dough揉捏／定型／擀平面团
Cooking 烹饪
heat the oil in a frying pan在平底煎锅里将油烧热 preheat/heat the oven/( the grill/BrE ( the broilerNAmE 将烤箱／烤架预热／加热 bring to ( the boil/BrE ( a boilNAmE 使沸腾 stir constantly/gently with a wooden spoon用木勺子不停地／轻轻地搅拌 reduce the heat把温度调低 simmer gently for 20 minutes/until reduced by half用文火炖 20 分钟／炖到量减少一半 melt the butter/chocolate/cheese/sugar使黄油／巧克力／奶酪／糖融化 brown the meat for 8–20 minutes把肉加热 8 至 20 分钟使之成棕色 drain the pasta/the water from the pot/in a colander把意大利面滤干；把水从锅里滤出来／滤到滤器里 mash the potatoes/banana/avocado把土豆／香蕉／油梨捣碎
Ways of cooking 烹饪方式
cook food/fish/meat/rice/pasta/a Persian dish烹饪食物／鱼／肉／米饭／意大利面食／波斯菜 bake (a loaf of) bread/a cake/( cookies/especially
NAmE ( biscuits/a pie/potatoes/fish/scones/muffinsBrE 烤（一条）面包／一个蛋糕／曲奇饼／小甜饼／馅饼／土豆／鱼／司康饼／小松糕 boil cabbage/potatoes/an egg/water煮洋白菜／土豆／鸡蛋；烧开水 fry/deep-fry/stir-fry the chicken/vegetables煎／油炸／炒鸡肉／蔬菜 grill meat/steak/chicken/sausages/a hot dog烧烤肉／牛排／鸡肉／香肠／热狗 roast potatoes/peppers/meat/chicken/lamb烘烤土豆／甜椒／肉／鸡肉／羊羔肉 sauté garlic/mushrooms/onions/potatoes/vegetables炒大蒜／蘑菇／洋葱／土豆／蔬菜 steam rice/vegetables/spinach/asparagus/dumplings蒸米饭／蔬菜／菠菜／芦笋／饺子 toast bread/nuts烤面包／坚果 microwave food/popcorn/( a ready mealBrE 用微波炉烹调（或加热）食物／爆米花／预制餐
Serving 上菜
serve in a glass/on a bed of rice/with potatoes盛在玻璃杯里上；上盖饭；和土豆一起上 arrange the slices on a plate/in a layer把切片在盘子里摆好／铺成一层 carve the meat/lamb/chicken/turkey把肉／羊羔肉／鸡肉／火鸡肉切成块 dress/toss a salad给色拉加调味酱；拌色拉 dress with/drizzle with olive oil/vinaigrette浇上橄榄油／色拉调味汁 top with a slice of lemon/a scoop of ice cream/whipped cream/syrup上面放一片柠檬／一勺冰淇淋／搅打好的奶油／糖浆 garnish with a sprig of parsley/fresh basil leaves/lemon wedges/a slice of lime/a twist of orange用一小枝欧芹／新鲜的罗勒叶／柠檬角／一片酸橙／一卷橘子皮做饰菜 sprinkle with salt/sugar/herbs/parsley/freshly ground black pepper洒上盐／糖／香草／欧芹／刚磨碎的黑胡椒