have to

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🔑 have to

BrE

/ˈhæv tə/

NAmE

/ˈhæv tə/

BrE

/ˈhæf tə/

NAmE

/ˈhæf tə/

modal verb

present simple - I / you / we / they

have to

BrE

/ˈhæv tə/

NAmE

/ˈhæv tə/

BrE

/ˈhæf tə/

NAmE

/ˈhæf tə/

past simple

had to

BrE

/ˈhæd tə/

NAmE

/ˈhæd tə/

BrE

/ˈhæt tə/

NAmE

/ˈhæt tə/

-ing form

having to

BrE

/ˈhævɪŋ tə/

NAmE

/ˈhævɪŋ tə/

🔑

(

also have got to

)

used to show that you must do sth 必须；不得不

◆Sorry, I've got to go. 对不起，我必须走了。

◆Did she have to pay a fine? 她非得交罚款吗？

◆You don't have to knock—just walk in. 不必敲门，进来就是了。

◆I haven't got to leave till seven. 我不必赶在七点前离开。

◆First, you have to think logically about your fears. 首先，你得理性地看待自己的忧虑。

◆I have to admit, the idea of marriage scares me. 我不得不承认，一想到结婚我就害怕。

◆Do you have to go? 你非得走吗？

◆

(

especially BrE

)

Have you got to go? 你非得走吗？

<titled tranID="1" status="3">Asking about obligation<chnsep> </chnsep><chn>咨询相关义务</chn></titled>

When you are unsure about what is expected of you in a situation, you can ask about obligations. 不确定在某种情境下该做什么时可以询问应履行的义务：

◆What time do we have to be home? 我们必须在什么时候回到家？
◆ Are we supposed to show our ID cards? 我们需要出示身份证吗？
◆ Is it necessary to apply for a visa? 有必要申请签证吗？
◆ Is there a legal obligation to wear a bike helmet here? 在这里骑自行车有没有法律规定要戴头盔？

🔑

(

also have got to

especially in BrE

)

used to give advice or recommend sth （劝告或建议时用）

◆You simply have to get a new job. 你就是得找份新工作。

◆You've got to try this recipe—it's delicious. 你得试试这种烹调法，味道很不错。

🔑

(

also have got to

especially in BrE

)

used to say that sth must be true or must happen （表示一定真实或肯定发生）

◆There has to be a reason for his strange behaviour. 他的古怪行为一定事出有因。

◆This war has got to end soon. 这场战争必将很快结束。

used to suggest that an annoying event happens in order to annoy you, or that sb does sth in order to annoy you （用以暗示麻烦的事或某人有意捣蛋）

◆Of course, it had to start raining as soon as we got to the beach. 可恶的雨，我们一到海滩它就非得下起来。

◆

Do you have to

hum so loudly?(= it is annoying) 你非得用这么大嗓门哼唱不可吗？

<titled tranID="19" status="1">modal verbs</titled>

The modal verbs are can, could, may, might, must, ought to, shall, should, will and would. Dare, need, have to and used to also share some of the features of modal verbs. * can、could、may、might、must、ought to、shall、should、will 和 would 均为情态动词。dare、need、have to 和 used to 亦具有情态动词的某些特性。
Modal verbs have only one form. They have no -ing or -ed forms and do not add -s to the 3rd person singular form. 情态动词只有一种形式，没有 -ing 或 -ed 形式，第三人称单数也不加 -s：◆He can speak three languages. 他会说三种语言。◆She will try and visit tomorrow. 她明天将设法去参观。
Modal verbs are followed by the infinitive of another verb without to. The exceptions are ought to, have to and used to. 情态动词后跟不带 to 的动词不定式，但 ought to、have to 和 used to 例外：◆You must find a job. 你必须找到一份工作。◆You ought to stop smoking. 你应当戒烟。◆I used to smoke but I gave up two years ago. 我过去抽烟，但两年前就戒了。
Questions are formed without do / does in the present, or did in the past. 疑问句现在时不用 do/does，过去时不用 did：◆Can I invite Mary? 我可以邀请玛丽吗？◆Should I have invited Mary? 我本该邀请玛丽吗？
Negative sentences are formed with not or the short form -n't and do not use do / does or did. 否定句用 not 或简约式 -n't，不用 do/does 或 did。

You will find more help with how to use modal verbs at the dictionary entries for each verb. 情态动词的不同用法可参考本词典里各情态动词词条。