how

 Longman Dictionary of Contemporary English 5++朗文当代英语 5++LDOCE 5++朗文 5++how /haʊ/ ●●● S1 W1 adverb  1  used to ask or talk about the way in which something happens or is done 怎样，如何 How do you spell your name? 你的名字怎么拼写？ How can I help you? 我怎么帮你？ I’d like to help in some way, but I’m not sure how. 我想帮点忙，可不知道该怎么做。 He explained how the system worked. 他讲解了该系统是如何运转的。 We both used to work at the airport – that’s how we met. 我们俩都曾经在机场工作过，我们就是这么认识的。how to do something I don’t know how to get to your house. 我不知道怎么去你家。 Alan showed me how to load the gun. 艾伦教我怎么给枪装上子弹。 advice on how best (=the best way) to invest your money 如何以最好方式进行投资的建议 They had a number of suggestions as to how the service could be improved. 他们有一些关于如何改进服务的建议。 This still leaves the question of how local services should be funded. 这仍然没有解决如何为地方公共服务业提供资金的问题。how on earth/in the world etc (=used for emphasis when you are surprised, angry etc) 到底[究竟]如何〔在惊讶、愤怒等时用于强调〕 How on earth did you find out? 你到底是怎么发现的？2  used to ask or talk about the amount, size, degree etc of something 〔数量、大小、程度等〕多少 How big is the state of Louisiana? 路易斯安那州有多大？ How many kids do they have now? 他们现在有几个孩子？ How long have you been learning English? 你学英语多久了？ Do you know how old it is? 你知道它年代有多久远吗？ They couldn’t tell exactly how far away the bridge was. 他们说不清那座桥确切有多远。 She wondered how much Angela already knew. 她想搞清楚安杰拉已经知道了多少。how much? (=used to ask the price of something) 多少钱？〔用于询问价格〕 How much are the tickets? 这些票多少钱？3  spoken a) used to ask about someone’s health, especially when you meet them 怎么样？〔尤用于见面时询问健康状况〕 ‘Hi Laurie, how are you?’ ‘Fine, thanks. How are you?’ “嘿，劳里，你好吗？”“挺好，谢谢，你呢？” Has Ros had the baby yet? How is she? 罗斯生孩子了吗？她怎么样了？ ‘How’s your ankle this morning?’ ‘Better, thanks.’ “今天上午你的脚踝情况如何？”“好些了，谢谢。” b) used when you meet someone, to ask for news about their life, work etc 怎么样〔用于询问生活、工作情况等〕 So how’s it going at work these days? Still enjoying it? 近来工作怎么样？仍然干得很开心吗？ ‘How are things with you?’ ‘Fine.’ “你过得好吗？”“挺好的。” How are you doing? 你过得好吗？4  used to ask someone about their opinion or experience of something 怎么样〔用于询问看法、经历〕 How was the film? 那部电影怎么样？ ‘How’s your steak?’ ‘Mmm, it’s good.’ “牛排味道怎么样？”“嗯，不错。” How did your exams go? 你考试考得怎么样？ How do you feel about seeing Peter again? 再见到彼得你感觉如何？ How’s that? Does that feel comfortable? 怎么样？那样感觉舒服吗？5  used after certain adjectives or verbs to refer to an event or situation 〔用于某些形容词或动词之后，指某一事件或情形〕 It’s amazing how they’ve managed to get everything finished so quickly. 他们这么快就全部完成了，真是让人吃惊。 I remember how she always used to have fresh flowers in the house. 我还记得以前她家总是有鲜花。6  VERY[+adj/adverb] used to emphasize the quality you are mentioning 多么，何等〔加强语气〕 How lovely to see you! 见到你真高兴！ ‘John’s been in an accident.’ ‘Oh, how awful!’ “约翰出事了。”“啊，太糟了！” I didn’t realize how difficult it was to get tickets. 我当时没有意识到弄几张票这么困难。 He was impressed at how well she could read. 她识那么多字，这给他留下了深刻印象。7  old-fashioned or written used to say that something happens to a very great degree 〔表示程度大〕 How the crowd loved it! 人们太喜欢它了！ SPOKEN PHRASES8  how about ... ? a) SUGGESTused to make a suggestion about what to do …好吗？ …行吗？〔用于建议〕 SYN what about No, I’m busy on Monday. How about Tuesday at seven? 不行，我星期一没空。星期二7点行吗？how about doing sth? How about putting the sofa closer to the window? 把沙发挪近窗户一些好吗？ How about we have that game when we get back? 我们回来后再玩那个游戏好吗？ How about if we tell the police where Newley is hiding? 我们告诉警方纽利的藏身之处好吗？how’s about ... ? American English How’s about going to the beach this afternoon? 今天下午去海滩好吗？ b) AND/ALSOused to ask about another person or thing 〔用于提及另一人或事〕…又怎么样呢？ ‘Mary and Ken are still away.’ ‘And how about Billy?’ “玛丽和肯还没回来。”“那比利呢？” I need a long cold drink. How about you? 我要一大杯冷饮。你呢？9  how do you mean? EXPLAINused to ask someone to explain something they have just said 你是指什么？〔要求进一步解释〕 ‘What’s your family situation?’ ‘How do you mean?’ ‘Are you married?’ “你的家庭状况如何？”“你是指什么？” “你结婚了吗？”10  how come? informalREASON used to ask why something has happened or why a particular situation exists, especially when you are surprised by it 怎么会呢？〔尤用于表示惊讶〕 How come Dave’s home? Isn’t he feeling well? 戴夫怎么会在家呢？他不舒服吗？11. how do you do? formalHELLO used as a polite greeting when you meet someone for the first time 您好！〔初次见面时的礼貌问候语〕12  how can/could somebody do sth? SURPRISEDused when you are very surprised by something or disapprove strongly of something 某人怎么能做某事呢？〔表示震惊或强烈反感〕 William! How can you say such a thing? 威廉！ 你怎么能说这种话呢？ How could anyone be so cruel? 怎么会有人这么冷酷呢？13  how you like/want British English informal in whatever way you like or want 随便 Then you can arrange it how you like. 那么随便你怎么安排吧。14  how about that!/how do you like that! OPINIONused when you think something is surprising, rude, impressive etc 你信吗？/你说怎么样呀？〔用于认为某事令人吃惊、粗鲁、给人印象深刻等时〕 He scored two goals! How about that! 他进了两个球！你说神奇不神奇？15  how’s that for sth? used to say that you think something is very impressive 某事物怎么样[如何]？〔用于认为某事给人印象很深刻时〕 I’ve already arranged everything. How’s that for efficiency? 我已经全部安排好了，效率高吧？16  how ... is that? informal a) used to say that an action or event has a particular quality to a great degree 那多…呀！〔用于表示某一行为或事件极具某种特性〕 He sent himself a card for Valentine’s Day. How sad is that? 情人节他给自己寄了一张贺卡，你说有多凄凉呀！ b) used to say that an action or event does not have a particular quality 那怎么…？〔用于表示某一行为或事件没有某种特性〕 They say they’re not going to leave, but how likely is that? 他们说不打算走了，不过那怎么可能呢？17  how so? OPINIONused to ask someone to explain an opinion they have given 怎么…？〔用于要求解释〕 ‘Rick’s parents are a little strange, I think.’ ‘How so?’ “我觉得里克的父母有些怪。”“怎么个怪法？”18  how about if ... ? informal used to mention something that may happen, and ask what should be done if it does happen 要是…会怎样？ How about if we quit now? 要是我们现在放弃会怎么样？19  and how! old-fashioned used to say ‘yes’ strongly in reply to a question 那还用说！当然啦！〔用于对问题极肯定的回答〕 ‘Was Matt drunk?’ ‘And how!’ “马特醉了吗？” “那还用说！” → how dare you at dare1(2)5 GRAMMAR 语法• How much is used before comparative adjectives to ask or talk about a difference. how much用于形容词的比较级形式前，以询问或谈论差异They realize how much better off they are than previous generations.他们认识到自己的生活要比先辈们好得多。• However, before an ordinary adjective, use how, not ‘how much’. 然而，形容词原形之前要用how，而不用how muchWe all know how important ( NOT 不说 how much important ) a balanced diet is.我们都知道膳食均衡非常重要。• Do not use how with ‘look like/feel like/be like’ to ask for or talk about a description of someone or something. Use what . 询问或描述人或物的情况时，不要把how和look like/feel like/be like连用，而要用whatWhat does she look like?她长什么样？• Do not use how with ‘think’ to ask or talk about someone’s opinion. Use what . 询问或描述观点时，不要把how和think连用，而要用whatWhat do you think of your present employer?你觉得你现在的老板怎么样？n GRAMMAR: Patterns with how• You use how before an ordinary adjective: We all know how important exercise is. 我们都知道膳食均衡非常重要。 ✗Don’t say: We all know how much important exercise is.• You use how much before a comparative adjective: They realize how much better life is. ✗Don’t say: They realize how better life is. USAGE: How or what?n• You use what with look/feel/be like to ask for or give a description: What does she look like? 她长什么样？ ✗Don’t say: How does she look like?• You use what with think to ask or talk about someone's opinion: 询问或描述观点时，不要把how和think连用，而要用whatnWhat do you think of him? ✗Don't say: How do you think of him?

Examples from the Corpus

how• How are the kids going to get home?• How are you feeling this morning?• He was surprised at how bitter Sabina sounded.• How do I get to North Bend?• How do I look in glasses?• How do you get your CD player to work?• How do you like the painting, Chuck?• How do you turn the printer on?• How does American English differ from British?• Everyone was talking about how great the workshop was.• Have you seen how incredibly messy Fong's room is?• How long are you going to be here?• How many people does each cabin sleep?• How much do they charge for a haircut?• We don't know how she managed to escape.• How should I dress for this job interview?• She told me how to get to the Johnson's house.• My dad's teaching me how to use email.• How was your trip?how to do something• Find out how to decorate your own Easter eggs on pages 30-31.• For details on how to install the program, see the instructions on the right.• I don't know how to load this thing.• My father taught me how to make and mend fishing nets• I'll teach you how to tie your shoes.• Could you show me how to work the photocopier?how much?• No one knew how much a dollar was really worth.• When he turned away from the water, though, he was surprised how much darker it got.• She could see how much he enjoyed not having Omar here.• How much is this jacket?• With a standing order you tell your branch exactly how much is to be paid and when.• Every broadcaster tries to determine how much programs are worth to the advertiser.• Sadly for Les, it also reminded us how much sharper Bob Monkhouse was as host.• How much time do you think it will take?• Its all about money, how much we have how much we make and what we spend it one.• Find out exactly how much you will be charged, and how much the worker is paid.How are things• Till now they had fenced gently. How are things?• Wojupto?: How are things?• Ha-Ha. How are things at your end?• Connections. How are things connected to each other?• Q.. People are talking about how Houghton may be losing its prominent authors. How are things now?• I ask, How are things so different here?• Provincetown! How are things up that way?Origin how Old English hu

how adverb →5 GRAMMAR1 →n GRAMMAR2
→USAGE1 →SPOKEN PHRASES1LDOCE OnlineChinese  

about Corpus ask talk or used way the to

how
how S1 W1 /haʊ/ adverb1. used to ask or talk about the way in which something happens or is done:
    How do you spell your name?
    How can I help you?
    I’d like to help in some way, but I’m not sure how.
    He explained how the system worked.
    We both used to work at the airport – that’s how we met.
    how to do something
    I don’t know how to get to your house.
    Alan showed me how to load the gun.
    advice on how best (=the best way) to invest your money
    They had a number of suggestions as to how the service could be improved.
    This still leaves the question of how local services should be funded.
    how on earth/in the world etc (=used for emphasis when you are surprised, angry etc)
    How on earth did you find out?
2. used to ask or talk about the amount, size, degree etc of something:
    How big is the state of Louisiana?
    How many kids do they have now?
    How long have you been learning English?
    Do you know how old it is?
    They couldn’t tell exactly how far away the bridge was.
    She wondered how much Angela already knew.
    how much? (=used to ask the price of something)
    How much are the tickets?
3. spoken
  a. used to ask about someone’s health, especially when you meet them:
    ‘Hi Laurie, how are you?’ ‘Fine, thanks. How are you?’
    Has Ros had the baby yet? How is she?
    ‘How’s your ankle this morning?’ ‘Better, thanks.’
  b. used when you meet someone, to ask for news about their life, work etc:
    So how’s it going at work these days? Still enjoying it?
    ‘How are things with you?’ ‘Fine.’
    How are you doing?
4. used to ask someone about their opinion or experience of something:
    How was the film?
    ‘How’s your steak?’ ‘Mmm, it’s good.’
    How did your exams go?
    How do you feel about seeing Peter again?
    How’s that? Does that feel comfortable?
5. used after certain adjectives or verbs to refer to an event or situation:
    It’s amazing how they’ve managed to get everything finished so quickly.
    I remember how she always used to have fresh flowers in the house.
6. [+adjective/adverb] used to emphasize the quality you are mentioning:
    How lovely to see you!
    ‘John’s been in an accident.’ ‘Oh, how awful!’
    I didn’t realize how difficult it was to get tickets.
    He was impressed at how well she could read.
7. old-fashioned or written used to say that something happens to a very great degree:
    How the crowd loved it!
     
SPOKEN PHRASES
8. how about ... ?
  a. used to make a suggestion about what to do
   SYN  what about:
    No, I’m busy on Monday. How about Tuesday at seven?
    how about doing something?
    How about putting the sofa closer to the window?
    How about we have that game when we get back?
    How about if we tell the police where Newley is hiding?
    how’s about ... ? American English:
    How’s about going to the beach this afternoon?
  b. used to ask about another person or thing:
    ‘Mary and Ken are still away.’ ‘And how about Billy?’
    I need a long cold drink. How about you?
9. how do you mean? used to ask someone to explain something they have just said:
    ‘What’s your family situation?’ ‘How do you mean?’ ‘Are you married?’
10. how come? informal used to ask why something has happened or why a particular situation exists, especially when you are surprised by it:
    How come Dave’s home? Isn’t he feeling well?
11. how do you do? formal used as a polite greeting when you meet someone for the first time
12. how can/could somebody do something? used when you are very surprised by something or disapprove strongly of something:
    William! How can you say such a thing?
    How could anyone be so cruel?
13. how you like/want British English informal in whatever way you like or want:
    Then you can arrange it how you like.
14. how about that!/how do you like that! used when you think something is surprising, rude, impressive etc:
    He scored two goals! How about that!
15. how’s that for something? used to say that you think something is very impressive:
    I’ve already arranged everything. How’s that for efficiency?
16. how ... is that? informal
  a. used to say that an action or event has a particular quality to a great degree:
    He sent himself a card for Valentine’s Day. How sad is that?
  b. used to say that an action or event does not have a particular quality:
    They say they’re not going to leave, but how likely is that?
17. how so? used to ask someone to explain an opinion they have given:
    ‘Rick’s parents are a little strange, I think.’ ‘How so?’
18. how about if ... ? informal used to mention something that may happen, and ask what should be done if it does happen:
    How about if we quit now?
19. and how! old-fashioned used to say ‘yes’ strongly in reply to a question:
    ‘Was Matt drunk?’ ‘And how!’
⇨ how dare you at dare¹(2)
     
GRAMMAR
  How much.is used before comparative adjectives to ask or talk about a difference:
  ▪ They realize how much better off they are than previous generations. However, before an ordinary adjective, use how, not 'how much':
  ▪ We all know how important (NOT how much important) a balanced diet is.
  ► Do not use how with 'look like/feel like/be like' to ask for or talk about a description of someone or something. Use what:
  ▪ What does she look like?
  ► Do not use how with 'think' to ask or talk about someone’s opinion. Use what:
  ▪ What do you think of your present employer?

🔑 howBrE /haʊ/ 🔊NAmE /haʊ/ 🔊 adverb🔑 in what way or manner 怎样；如何◆How does it work? 它是如何运作的？🔊🔊◆He did not know how he ought to behave. 他不知道自己应该怎样表现。🔊🔊◆I'll show you how to load the software. 我给你演示一下如何安装这套软件。🔊🔊◆'Her behaviour was very odd.' ' How so? ' “她的举止非常奇怪。” “怎么会这样呢？”🔊🔊◆It's funny how (= that) people always remember him. 有趣的是人们总是忘不了他。🔊🔊◆Do you remember how (= that) the kids always loved going there? 你记得孩子们总喜欢去那里吗？🔊🔊◆How ever did you get here so quickly? 你这么快来到这儿，究竟是怎么办到的？🔊🔊  ➡  compare however 🔑 used to ask about sb's health （询问健康状况）◆How are you? 你（身体）好吗？🔊🔊◆How are you feeling now? 你现在感觉怎么样？🔊🔊🔑 used to ask whether sth is successful or enjoyable （询问是否成功或愉快）◆How was your trip? 你旅行愉快吗？🔊🔊◆How did they play? 他们的比赛表现怎样？🔊🔊🔑 used before an adjective or adverb to ask about the amount, degree, etc. of sth, or about sb's age （后接形容词或副词）多少，多么，多大◆How often do you go swimming? 你多久去游一次泳？🔊🔊◆I didn't know how much to bring. 我不知道该带多少。🔊🔊◆How much are those earrings (= What do they cost)? 那对耳环多少钱？🔊🔊◆How many people were there? 有多少人？🔊🔊◆How old is she? 她有多大了？🔊🔊🔑 used to express surprise, pleasure, etc. （表示惊奇、高兴等）◆How kind of you to help! 你来帮忙，真是太好了！🔊🔊◆How he wished he had been there! 他多么希望当时自己也在场！🔊🔊🔑 in any way in which 以任何方式；无论用什么方法 SYN however ◆I'll dress how I like in my own house! 我在自己家里爱怎么穿就怎么穿！🔊🔊●how about…?🔑 used when asking for information about sb/sth （询问信息）…怎么样？，…情况如何？◆I'm not going. How about you? 我不打算去。你呢？🔊🔊🔑 used to make a suggestion （提出建议）…怎么样，…行不行，…好吗◆How about a break? 休息一下好吗？🔊🔊◆How about going for a meal? 去吃饭好不好？🔊🔊◆(especially NAmE) How about we go for a meal? 我们去吃饭好不好？🔊🔊●how ˈcan/ˈcould you!(informal) used to show that you strongly disapprove of sb's behaviour or are very surprised by it （表示很不赞同或吃惊）你怎么能◆Ben! How could you? After all they've done for us! 本！他们为我们做了这么多，你怎么能这样！🔊🔊◆Ugh! How can you eat that stuff? 啊！你怎么吃得下那种东西？🔊🔊●ˌhow do you ˈdo 🔑(becoming old-fashioned) used as a formal greeting when you meet sb for the first time. The usual reply is also How do you do? （首次见面时的问候语。通常的回答也是 How do you do?）你好●ˌhow's ˈthat?(informal) used to ask the reason for sth 为什么；怎么会◆'I left work early today.' 'How's that (= Why)?' “我今天提前下班了。” “为什么？”🔊🔊used when asking sb's opinion of sth （你认为）怎么样，如何◆I'll tuck your sheets in for you. How's that? Comfortable? 我给你把被单掖好吧。怎么样？舒服吗？🔊🔊◆Two o'clock on the dot! How's that for punctuality! 两点整！够守时吧！🔊🔊●how come (…)? 🔑(informal) used to say you do not understand how sth can happen and would like an explanation （用以表示不理解情况是如何发生的，希望得到解释）怎么回事，怎么发生的，怎样解释◆'I think you owe me some money.' 'How come?' “你好像欠我钱。” “怎么会呢？”🔊🔊◆If she spent five years in Paris, how come her French is so bad? 既然她在巴黎待了五年，她的法语怎么还会这样糟糕？🔊🔊