however
Longman Dictionary of Contemporary English 5++LDOCE 5++how·ev·er1 /haʊˈevə $ -ər/ ●●● S2 W1 adverb 1 BUTused when you are adding a fact or piece of information that seems surprising, or seems very different from what you have just said 然而，不过，但是 SYN nevertheless This is a cheap and simple process. However, there are dangers. 这是个花钱少而又简单的方法，不过有危险。 an extremely unpleasant disease that is, however, easy to treat 一种让人极其难受却容易治疗的病2 NO MATTER WHAT/HOW MUCH ETCused to say that it does not matter how big, good, serious etc something is because it will not change a situation in any way 无论多大[好，严重等] SYN no matter how You should report any incident, however minor it is. 任何事件你都应该汇报，不管它多小。 We have to finish, however long it takes. 我们必须完成，不管需要多长时间。however much/many I really want the car, however much it costs. 我真的很想要这辆汽车，不管它要多少钱。3 WAY/MANNER especially British English used to show surprise when you ask how something happens or how someone does something （到底）如何？〔表示惊讶〕 However did he get that job? 他到底是怎样得到那份工作的？
Examples from the Corpus
however• Most insurers cover routine tests for older women, however.• That all changed with Clinton, however.• Perhaps tonight's events would, however, at least until the Society's suspicions had been allayed.• Interestingly, however, clerical workers show least sociability in this respect.• My goodness, this room is so interesting. However did you think to decorate it in purple and green?• I could never watch any movie more than once, however good it is.• At the time, however, I feared poison gas.• The reality, however, is that the Institute has had considerable influence in knocking the rough edges off legislation and practice.• Cotton production was on the increase. However, it was still a small industry compared to hemp and canvas production.• However much I try, I just don't understand him at all.• Each one of us, however old or however young, is a valuable member of society.• Wyman stressed, however, that the main function of this church is to serve the needs of the poor.• In another sense, however, the approaches stand alongside each other.• Her story, however, will overwhelm adults and mesmerize kids.however much/many• The ruler line counts characters in 10s however many characters per inch your printer can produce.• Because, however much his words might deny that he cared for her, his actions spoke differently.• I could not then, however much I wanted to, walk away from it.• And however much men seem to be involved in the movie versions, women are the ones doing it.• History runs through Turner's art, however much Ruskin ignored it.• It's no easy task when a baby's almost died on her however many times.• John Lee Hooker won't be with us for ever, however much we'd like him to be.• You've lost a close friend and however much you anticipated this, you can never be fully prepared for a bereavement.however2 ●●● S2 W3 conjunction NO MATTER WHAT/HOW MUCH ETCin whatever way 不管怎样，无论如何 You can do it however you like. 你可以按自己的意思去做。 If we win the match, we’ll be delighted, however it happens. 如果我们能赢下这场比赛，不管怎么赢的我们都会高兴。 However you look at it, it was a wicked thing to do. 不管你怎么看待这件事情，它都是一件缺德的事。► see thesaurus at butExamples from the Corpus
however• You guys can split up the driving however you want.how·ev·er1 adverbhowever2 conjunctionChineseSyllable
you adding are or piece a Corpus used fact when of
however
how‧ev‧er1 S1 W1 /haʊˈevə $ -ər/ 
adverb
1. used when you are adding a fact or piece of information that seems surprising, or seems very different from what you have just said
SYN nevertheless:
This is a cheap and simple process. However, there are dangers.
an extremely unpleasant disease that is, however, easy to treat
2. used to say that it does not matter how big, good, serious etc something is because it will not change a situation in any way
SYN no matter how:
You should report any incident, however minor it is.
We have to finish, however long it takes.
however much/many
I really want the car, however much it costs.
3. especially British English used to show surprise when you ask how something happens or how someone does something:
However did he get that job?
however2 conjunction
in whatever way:
You can do it however you like.
If we win the match, we’ll be delighted, however it happens.
However you look at it, it was a wicked thing to do.
▪ but conjunction used when linking two words or phrases that seem opposite or very different in meaning. Don’t use but at the beginning of a sentence in written English: The plant’s leaves are big, but its flowers are quite small. | Her books are fascinating but often rather disturbing. | Many French dishes are basically simple, but they can take a long time to prepare. | Most of us value human life, but but some people think of animals as being equally important.
▪although conjunction used when contrasting one clause with another in the same sentence: Although you are in the middle of the city, you feel as if you are in the countryside. | The windmill is still in good working order, although it has not been used since the 1950s. | I enjoyed German although I wasn’t very good at it. | Although lack of sleep causes some problems, it has a relatively small effect on performance at work.
▪however conjunction used when saying something that seems different or surprising after your previous statement. It is usually used in the middle of a sentence, separated from the rest of the sentence by commas. It can also come at the beginning: Jack and his family managed to escape before the soldiers arrived. Other families in the village, however, were less lucky. | Their economy was incredibly successful in the 1980s. Since then, however, there has been a big rise in unemployment. | The town is a long way from the nearest big city. However, there is a good bus service. | He began his academic career as a mathematician. However, his main achievements were in the field of nuclear physics.
▪nevertheless/nonetheless conjunction used when saying something that seems different or surprising after your previous statement. It is used at the beginning or end of a sentence: A series of studies 20 years ago suggested that there was a link between watching violent films and violent behaviour. Nevertheless, the results remain highly controversial. | It was certainly a terrible accident. Nevertheless, air travel is still the safest form of transport. | The weather turned bad early in the day, but the festival was a great success nonetheless. | It was very hard digging in the dry ground, but the work was satisfying nevertheless.
▪whereas /weərˈæz/ /while conjunction used when making comparisons and saying that something is true of one person, thing, or situation, but it is different for another. They are used when contrasting one clause with another in the same sentence: Taxes make up 62% of the price of a litre of petrol in France, whereas in Britain, the tax is 75%. | Some people visit their doctor once every few weeks, while others may not visit a doctor for several years. | Whereas in most of the world they drive on the right, in the UK and Japan they drive on the left.
▪by contrast formal used when making comparisons and saying that a person, thing, or situation is very different from the one you have just mentioned. It is used when referring back to the previous sentence: The surface temperature on Venus is higher than the boiling point of water. Mars, by contrast, is very cold. | A report by the FBI shows that 26% of female murder victims in 1995 were killed by their husbands or boyfriends. By contrast, only 3% of male victims were killed by their wives or girlfriends.
| I |
adverb1. used when you are adding a fact or piece of information that seems surprising, or seems very different from what you have just said
SYN nevertheless:
2. used to say that it does not matter how big, good, serious etc something is because it will not change a situation in any way
SYN no matter how:
however much/many
3. especially British English used to show surprise when you ask how something happens or how someone does something:
| II |
conjunctionin whatever way:
| THESAURUS |
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Ways of saying 'but' “但是” 的表达方式
◆ Politicians have promised to improve road safety. So far, however , little has been achieved.政客们承诺要加强道路安全。但是，迄今为止成效微乎其微。 ◆ Despite clear evidence from road safety studies, no new measures have been introduced.尽管道路安全研究已得出确切依据，但仍未实施任何新措施。 ◆ Politicians have promised to improve road safety. In spite of this /Despite this , little has been achieved so far.政客们承诺要加强道路安全。尽管如此，迄今为止成效微乎其微。 ◆ Although politicians have promised to improve road safety, little has been achieved so far.尽管政客们承诺要加强道路安全，但是迄今为止成效微乎其微。 ◆ Some politicians claim that the new transport policy has been a success. In fact , it has been a total disaster.一些政客宣称新的交通政策非常成功，实际上却是彻头彻尾的失败。 ◆ Government campaigns have had a measure of success, but the fact remains that large numbers of accidents are still caused by careless drivers.政府的宣传活动取得了一定的成功，但实际情况是大量的交通事故仍然是由于驾驶者疏忽造成的。