inflation
Word family
Longman Dictionary of Contemporary English 5++LDOCE 5++in·fla·tion /ɪnˈfleɪʃən/ ●●○ W3 noun [uncountable] 1 BPEa continuing increase in prices, or the rate at which prices increase 物价上涨(率)，通货膨胀(率) Inflation is now at over 16%. 通货膨胀率现已超过16%。2. AIRthe process of filling something with air 充气 COLLOCATIONSADJECTIVES/NOUN + inflationlow 低的France had achieved low inflation and steady growth. 法国实现了低通胀率和经济稳定增长。high 高的Inflation remained high throughout this period. 这一时期内通胀率仍居高不下。annual inflation 年通胀率Annual inflation in 1990 was 8.1%. 1990年的年度通胀率为8.1﹪。rising inflation 升高的通货膨胀率The country was hit by rising inflation. 该国遭到不断升高的通货膨胀率的打击。spiralling/soaring inflation (=inflation that is increasing quickly and out of control) 呈螺旋形上升的/急剧上升的通货膨胀率nArgentina was suffering from spiralling inflation.price/wage inflation (=increasing prices/wages) 价格/工资上涨nPrice inflation was running at about twelve percent last summer.inflation + NOUNthe inflation rate/the rate of inflation 通货膨胀率The current inflation rate stands at 4.1%. 目前通胀率为4.1%。the inflation figures 通货膨胀数字April's inflation figures are likely to show a further fall. 4月的通胀数据可能呈进一步下降的趋势。verbscause/lead to inflation 导致通货膨胀Too much government borrowing can lead to inflation. 政府过度借贷可导致通货膨胀。fuel inflation/push up inflation (=make inflation worse) 加剧通货膨胀The increase in food prices is fuelling inflation. 食品价格上涨加剧了通货膨胀。nThere are now fears that price rises will push up inflation.control/curb inflation (=prevent it from increasing more) 抑制通货膨胀These measures are designed to curb inflation. 这些措施的目的是抑制通货膨胀。fight/combat inflation 抵制通货膨胀An economic plan to combat inflation was drawn up. 起草了一项抑制通货膨胀的经济计划。reduce inflation/get inflation down 降低通货膨胀率The government has promised to reduce inflation to 3%. 政府已承诺要把通货膨胀率降至3%。nThe government's top priority is to get inflation down to 2%.nkeep inflation down (=keep it at a low level)These policies will help to keep inflation down.inflation rises 通货膨胀率升高Inflation rose steadily from the mid-1960s. 20世纪60年代中期起通货膨胀率持续升高。inflation falls 通货膨胀率下降Inflation fell by 0.5% last month. 上个月通货膨胀率下降0.5%。inflation is running at 3%/4% etc (also inflation stands at 3%/4% etc) (=used to talk about the present rate of inflation) 通货膨胀率为3%/4%等Inflation currently stands at 3.2%. 目前通货膨胀率为3.2%。keep pace with inflation (=be at the same level as inflation) 与通货膨胀率保持同步Salaries have not kept pace with inflation. 工资水平未能与通货膨胀率保持同步。From Longman Business Dictionaryinflationin‧fla‧tion /ɪnˈfleɪʃən/ noun [uncountable]ECONOMICS a continuing increase in the prices of goods and services, or the rate at which prices increaseA slowing economy would help contain inflation (=control it).Gold does well only during periods of high inflation.Portugal had annual average inflation of 11.4% last year.The inflation rate rose to 4.5% last month.Adjusted for inflation (=after taking inflation into account) real growth is estimated to be 1.8%. → asset inflation → consumer price inflation → core inflation → cost inflation → creeping inflation → demand inflation → double-digit inflation → galloping inflation → headline inflation → hyperinflation → structural inflation → underlying inflation → wage inflation → wage-push inflation → zero inflationin·fla·tion noun →COLLOCATIONS1LDOCE OnlineChineseSyllable
rate Business continuing at increase prices, which the in a or
inflation
in‧fla‧tion S3 W2 /ɪnˈfleɪʃən/
noun [uncountable]
Inflation is now at over 16%.
2. the process of filling something with air
■ ADJECTIVES/NOUN + inflation
▪low France had achieved low inflation and steady growth.
▪high Inflation remained high throughout this period.
▪annual inflation Annual inflation in 1990 was 8.1%.
▪rising inflation The country was hit by rising inflation.
▪spiralling/soaring inflation (=inflation that is increasing quickly and out of control) Argentina was suffering from spiralling inflation.
▪price/wage inflation (=increasing prices/wages) Price inflation was running at about twelve percent last summer.
■ inflation + NOUN
▪the inflation rate/the rate of inflation The current inflation rate stands at 4.1%.
▪the inflation figures April's inflation figures are likely to show a further fall.
■ verbs
▪cause/lead to inflation Too much government borrowing can lead to inflation.
▪fuel inflation/push up inflation (=make inflation worse) The increase in food prices is fuelling inflation. | There are now fears that price rises will push up inflation.
▪control/curb inflation (=prevent it from increasing more) These measures are designed to curb inflation.
▪fight/combat inflation An economic plan to combat inflation was drawn up.
▪reduce inflation/get inflation down The government has promised to reduce inflation to 3%. | The government's top priority is to get inflation down to 2%.
▪keep inflation down (=keep it at a low level) These policies will help to keep inflation down.
▪inflation rises Inflation rose steadily from the mid-1960s
▪inflation falls Inflation fell by 0.5% last month.
▪inflation is running at 3%/4% etc (also inflation stands at 3%/4% etc ) (=used to talk about the present rate of inflation) Inflation currently stands at 3.2%.
▪keep pace with inflation (=be at the same level as inflation) Salaries have not kept pace with inflation.
in‧fla‧tion S3 W2 /ɪnˈfleɪʃən/
noun [uncountable] Word Family: adjective: inflatable, inflated, inflationary, deflationary, reflationary; noun: inflation, inflatable, deflation, reflation; verb: inflate, deflate, reflate
1. a continuing increase in prices, or the rate at which prices increase: 2. the process of filling something with air
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Managing the economy 管理经济
handle/run/manage the economy管理经济 boost investment/spending/employment/growth促进投资／支出／就业／增长速度 stimulate demand/the economy/industry刺激需求／经济／工业 cut/reduce investment/spending/borrowing削减投资／支出／借贷 reduce/curb/control/keep down inflation减少／遏制通货膨胀 create/fuel growth/demand/a boom/a bubble创造／刺激增长／需求／繁荣／泡沫 encourage/foster/promote/stimulate/stifle innovation/competition鼓励／促进／刺激／抑制创新／竞争 encourage/work with/compete with the private sector鼓励私营部门；与私营部门合作／竞争 increase/boost/promote US/agricultural exports增加／促进美国／农业出口 ban/restrict/block cheap/foreign imports禁止／限制／阻止廉价／国外进口产品 the economy grows/expands/shrinks/contracts/slows (down)/recovers/improves/is booming 经济增长／扩张／收缩／萎缩／放缓／复苏／改善／繁荣 enjoy an economic/housing/property boom享受经济／住房／房地产的繁荣期
Economic problems 经济问题
push up/drive up prices/costs/inflation抬高价格／成本；加剧通货膨胀 damage/hurt/destroy industry/the economy破坏工业／经济 cause/lead to/go into/avoid/escape recession引起／导致／进入／避开经济衰退 experience/suffer a recession/downturn经历／遭受经济衰退 fight/combat inflation/deflation/unemployment抵抗通货膨胀／通货紧缩／失业 cause/create inflation/poverty/unemployment导致／造成通货膨胀／贫穷／失业 create/burst a housing/stock market bubble造成／引爆住房／股票市场泡沫 cause/trigger a stock market crash/the collapse of the banking system引起股市崩盘／银行系统崩溃 face/be plunged into a financial/an economic crisis面临／陷入财政／经济危机 be caught in/experience cycles of boom and bust陷入／经历周期性繁荣与萧条
Public finance 公共财政
cut/reduce/slash/increase/double the defence/( defense/education/aid budgetespecially
削减／大幅削减／增加／加倍国防／教育／援助预算 increase/boost/slash/cut public spending增加／大幅削减／削减公共支出 increase/put up/raise/cut/lower/reduce taxes提高／降低税收 raise/cut/lower/reduce interest rates提高／降低利率 ease/loosen/tighten monetary policy放宽／收紧货币政策 balance the (state/federal) budget平衡（州／联邦）预算 achieve/maintain a balanced budget达到／保持预算平衡 run a ($4 trillion) budget deficit/surplus有（4 万亿美元的）预算赤字／盈余