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    lay

    Longman Dictionary of Contemporary English 5++朗文当代英语 5++LDOCE 5++朗文 5++lay1 /leɪ/ verb  1.the past tense of lie1 lie1的过去式→ See Verb table
    Examples from the Corpus
    lay• She laid $10 on the favorite, Golden Boy.• It does little more than lay a foundation of principles.• She lay against the pillows, her whole body numb.• He lay down against a wall.• He was laid down on brittle pampas grass and then manhandled by the creatures.• Moyers laid his case before the public.• She unfolded the map and laid it on the table.• Hey, I told him to lay off of me in practice.• Before you start packing, lay out all the clothes on the bed.• There had been long weeks when he lay sunk in gloom and introspection.• Farley laid the gun down and surrendered.• He laid the money on the table as they walked out to the stoop.• Turtles lay their eggs on the beach at night.• It was as if a fall lay within her that she wasn't able to make.
    Related topics: Birds
    lay2 ●●● S1 W2 verb (past tense and past participle laid /leɪd/)  1  put SB/STH down 把某人/某物放下 [transitive always + adverb/preposition]PUT to put someone or something down carefully into a flat position 安放，放置 SYN place He laid his hand on my shoulder. 他把一只手搭在我的肩上。 They laid a wreath at the place where so many people died. 他们在这么多人丧生的地方放了一个花圈。 Lay the material flat on the table. 把布料平铺在桌上。► see thesaurus at put2  lay bricks/carpet/concrete/cables etc PUTto put or fasten bricks, a carpet etc in the correct place, especially on the ground or floor 砌砖/铺地毯/铺水泥/铺设电缆等 The carpet was laid last week. 地毯是上个星期铺的。 The project involved laying an oil pipeline across the desert. 这个工程包括铺设一条穿越沙漠的输油管道。3  bird/insect etc 鸟/昆虫等 [intransitive, transitive]HBB if a bird, insect etc lays eggs, it produces them from its body 下(蛋)；产(卵) The flies lay their eggs on decaying meat. 苍蝇在腐肉上产卵。 A cuckoo is able to lay in a range of different nests. 杜鹃能在许多个不同的鸟巢里下蛋。4  table 餐桌 [transitive] British EnglishDF to put the cloth, plates, knives, forks etc on a table, ready for a meal 摆放〔餐具〕 SYN set John was laying the table. 约翰正在摆放餐具。 As she spoke, she was laying him a place at the table. 她一边说，一边给他在餐桌上摆放餐具。5  lay the foundations/groundwork/base to provide the conditions that will make it possible for something to happen or be successful 打基础lay the foundations/groundwork/base for Mandela helped lay the foundations for a new democratic South Africa. 曼德拉为建立新的民主南非打下了基础。 It was an invention which laid the foundations of modern radio technology. 这一发明为现代无线电技术奠定了基础。6  give information 提供信息 [transitive] formalACCUSE to make a statement, give information etc in an official or public way 提出，提交 SYN put Several proposals have been laid before the committee. 数项建议已提交委员会。7  lay emphasis/stress on something EMPHASIZE formal to emphasize something because you believe it is very important 强调某事物 a political philosophy that lays great stress on individual responsibility 着重强调个人责任的政治哲学8  lay a hand/finger on somebody [usually in negatives] to touch someone with the intention of hurting them 对某人动手 I swear I didn’t lay a finger on him. 我发誓我没有对他动过一根手指头。 If you lay one hand on me, I’ll scream. 你要是碰我一下，我就要叫了。9  lay something bare/open a) to show what something is really like, or stop hiding facts, feelings etc 使某事暴露 Every aspect of their private life has been laid bare. 他们私生活的每一个方面都暴露无遗。 b) to remove the thing that is covering or hiding something else 使某物露出 When the tide goes out, vast stretches of sand are laid bare. 潮水退去，露出大片大片的沙地。10  lay somebody/something open to something RISKto do something that makes it possible for other people to blame you, criticize you etc 使某人/某物受到责备[批评]lay yourself open to something By doing that, he laid himself open to ridicule. 他那么做招来了大家的嘲笑。 Not to have taken action would have laid the department open to charges of negligence. 要是当初这个部门没有采取行动，肯定会招来玩忽职守罪的指控。11  lay waste something  (also lay waste to something) formal to destroy or damage something, especially in a war 〔尤指战争中〕把某物摧毁[夷为平地]12  lay plans/a trap etc PLANto carefully prepare all the details of something 制订计划/设圈套等13  lay claim to (doing) something to say that something belongs to you or say that you deserve something 声称对某物的拥有权；声称有权做某事14  lay siege to somebody/something 15  HAVE SEX 发生性行为get laid informalSEX/HAVE SEX WITH to have sex with someone 与…性交16. lie 平躺 [intransitive] spoken to be in a position in which you are flat – some people consider this use to be incorrect 平躺〔有些人认为此用法错误〕 SYN lie17  risk money 赌钱 [transitive] especially British EnglishRISK to risk an amount of money on the result of a race, sports game etc 押〔赌注〕；用…打赌 SYN bet18  lay somebody/something on the line 19  lay something at the door of somebody/something  (also lay something at somebody’s door) to blame something or someone for something 把某事归咎于某人/某事20  lay somebody low 21  lay somebody to rest formal to bury someone after they have died 安葬某人22. lay the ghost (of something) GET RID OFto finally stop being worried or upset by something from the past 摆脱(某事的)阴影 → lay your hands on something at hand1(18), → lay the blame on somebody/something at blame2, → put/lay your cards on the table at card1(13)5 GRAMMAR 语法: lay, lie• The verb lay always has an object, except in sense 3. Its basic meaning is ‘put something down on something’. 除义项3之外，动词lay均需有一个宾语。 其基本义为 “放置(某物)”She lays a silk cloth over the table.她将一块真丝台布铺在桌上 。• The verb lie does not have an object. Its basic meaning is ‘be or get into a horizontal position somewhere’. 动词lie不带宾语。 其基本义为 “平放在某处”She was lying (NOT 不说 laying) on her back.她仰卧着。Lie down here for a while.在这儿躺一会儿。• Lay is also the past tense of lie. lay也是lie的过去式I lay on the bed and tried to relax.我躺在床上，想放松一下。• The past tense of lay is laid. lay的过去式是 laidShe laid the baby on the bed.她把宝宝放到床上。n GRAMMAR: Comparisonlay• You lay something somewhere: She lays a lace cloth over the table. ✗Don’t say: She lies a lace cloth over the table.• You lay someone somewhere: Lay him down gently.• Lay is also the past tense of lie: I lay on the bed. ✗Don’t say: I laid on the bed.lie• Someone lies somewhere: She was lying on her back.Let’s just lie here for a while. ✗Don’t say: She was laying on her back. | Let’s just lay here for a while.• The past tense of lie is laid: She laid the baby in its cot. ✗Don’t say: She lay the baby in its cot. PHRASAL VERBS    → See Verb table
    Examples from the Corpus
    lay• It does little more than lay a foundation of principles.• She lay against the pillows, her whole body numb.• He lay down against a wall.• He was laid down on brittle pampas grass and then manhandled by the creatures.• Hey, I told him to lay off of me in practice.• He laid the money on the table as they walked out to the stoop.• It was as if a fall lay within her that she wasn't able to make.Lay ... flat• Maude took a scat at the end of the table and laid her hands flat on the dark mahogany.• Melanie was waiting by the Transit holding two sleeping-bags, the sort that you can unzip and lay flat.• There was more scrub there, but not enough for anyone to hide, unless they lay flat.• She spread out her towel and lay flat, adjusting her sunglasses against the glare above.• Spread the sail and lay it flat as possible with the underside uppermost.• Amazingly, she slipped into a gap between the tracks and lay flat as the Intercity 125 rumbled over her.• The wick lay almost flat in a perilously small amount of wax.• They lay flat, under fire.lay ... eggs• Adults grow to varying sizes, depending on food available, and lay eggs in late summer.• They lay their eggs in midwinter, incubating their eggs and chicks through many blizzards.• Instead, it lays its eggs in nests of other birds, and depends on others to hatch and raise its young.• And they mate, laying their eggs in the shallow tepid pools.• In the Nematoda, the sexes are separate and the males are generally smaller than the females which lay eggs or larvae.• She was laying her eggs; the drones were feeding her.• These females do not lay eggs; they give birth to young aphids, all of which are females.• They will come flying up against the wind and lay their eggs, which will soon turn into white grubs.laying the table• But when she turned round, he was laying the table.• Thérèse and Léonie were laying the table.• In the kitchen Anne and Millie are laying the table for dinner, talking seriously.• Molly went on laying the table, placing knives and forks neatly as though her sanity depended on it.lay money (that)• It was the talking point of the station, she would lay money on that.
    Related topics: Christianity
    lay3 ●○○ adjective [only before noun]  1 a) NOT KNOWnot trained or not knowing much about a particular profession or subject 非专业的，外行的 → layman lay witnesses 普通证人，非专家证人 b) RRCRELIGIONnot in an official position in the church 非神职的，世俗的 a lay preacher 俗世的传道人，平信徒传道人
    Examples from the Corpus
    lay• On the other hand, there is the lay congregation, to whom biblical scholarship is totally unknown territory.• The churches were bereft of most of their clergy and many of their most able lay members.• a lay minister• At the same time, Louis summoned a series of assemblies involving both bishops and lay nobles.• To the lay observer, these technical terms are incomprehensible.• The worship incorporates dreams, healing, trances, and a high degree of lay participation.• In contrast, many elders - leading lay people - are politically more conservative.• With his dark good looks and meticulous personal style, he made a lasting, if rather forbidding impression on lay people.• A non-conformist lay preacher, he fought the November byelection.
    Related topics: Literature
    lay4 noun [countable]  1  the lay of the land 2  the lay of something the appearance of something and where each part of it is 某事物的外部情况3. be a good/quick/easy etc lay informalSEX/HAVE SEX WITH to be a good, quick etc person to have sex with 是个淫荡的人4. literaryAL a poem or song 诗；歌
    Examples from the Corpus
    lay• And the great lays - you can learn them, meantime.• Failure to recognise slopes until committed to landing Make a point of looking for the lay of the surrounding countryside.    From Longman Business Dictionarylaylay /leɪ/ verb (past tense and past participle laid) → lay somebody → off → lay something → out→ See Verb tableOrigin lay3 (1300-1400) Old French lai, from Late Latin laicus, from Greek laikos “of the people”, from laos “people” lay4 1. (1800-1900) LAY12. (1200-1300) Old French lai
    lay1 verblay2 verb →10-22
    →n GRAMMAR1 →5 GRAMMAR2     →n GRAMMAR3 →PHRASAL VERBS1lay3 adjectivelay4 nounLDOCE OnlineChinese
    Business tense the lie1 of past Corpus


    See lie for more


    lay
    I
    lay1 /leɪ/
    the past tense of lie1

    II
    lay2 S1 W2 verb (past tense and past participle laid /leɪd/)
    1.  PUT SOMEBODY/SOMETHING DOWN  [transitive always + adverb/preposition] to put someone or something down carefully into a flat position
       SYN  place:
        He laid his hand on my shoulder.
        They laid a wreath at the place where so many people died.
        Lay the material flat on the table.
    2. lay bricks/carpet/concrete/cables etc to put or fasten bricks, a carpet etc in the correct place, especially on the ground or floor:
        The carpet was laid last week.
        The project involved laying an oil pipeline across the desert.
    3.  BIRD/INSECT ETC  [intransitive and transitive] if a bird, insect etc lays eggs, it produces them from its body:
        The flies lay their eggs on decaying meat.
        A cuckoo is able to lay in a range of different nests.
    4.  TABLE  [transitive] British English to put the cloth, plates, knives, forks etc on a table, ready for a meal
       SYN  set:
        John was laying the table.
        As she spoke, she was laying him a place at the table.
    5. lay the foundations/groundwork/base to provide the conditions that will make it possible for something to happen or be successful
        lay the foundations/groundwork/base for
        Mandela helped lay the foundations for a new democratic South Africa.
        It was an invention which laid the foundations of modern radio technology.
    6.  GIVE INFORMATION  [transitive] formal to make a statement, give information etc in an official or public way
       SYN  put:
        Several proposals have been laid before the committee.
    7. lay emphasis/stress on something formal to emphasize something because you believe it is very important:
        a political philosophy that lays great stress on individual responsibility
    8. lay a hand/finger on somebody [usually in negatives] to touch someone with the intention of hurting them:
        I swear I didn’t lay a finger on him.
        If you lay one hand on me, I’ll scream.
    9. lay something bare/open
      a. to show what something is really like, or stop hiding facts, feelings etc:
        Every aspect of their private life has been laid bare.
      b. to remove the thing that is covering or hiding something else:
        When the tide goes out, vast stretches of sand are laid bare.
    10. lay somebody/something open to something to do something that makes it possible for other people to blame you, criticize you etc
        lay yourself open to something
        By doing that, he laid himself open to ridicule.
        Not to have taken action would have laid the department open to charges of negligence.
    11. lay waste something (also lay waste to something) formal to destroy or damage something, especially in a war:
        The island was laid waste and abandoned.
        an attack which laid waste to hundreds of villages
    12. lay plans/a trap etc to carefully prepare all the details of something:
        We are laying plans now in order to be successful in the future.
        the best-laid plans (=plans that have been made carefully)
        Bad weather can upset even the best-laid travel plans.
    13. lay claim to (doing) something to say that something belongs to you or say that you deserve something:
        The town can lay claim to having the oldest theatre in Britain.
        No one has laid claim to the property.
    14. lay siege to somebody/something
      a. if a group of people lay siege to a place, they try to get control by surrounding it:
        The armies laid siege to Vienna in 1529.
      b. to do everything you can to get someone to talk to you or notice you:
        A group of young men were always at the stage door, trying to lay siege to the girls.
    15.  HAVE SEX get laid informal to have sex with someone:
        All he wants to do is go out and get laid.
    16.  LIE  [intransitive] spoken to be in a position in which you are flat – some people consider this use to be incorrect
       SYN  lie
    17.  RISK MONEY  [transitive] especially British English to risk an amount of money on the result of a race, sports game etc
       SYN  bet
        lay something on something
        She laid £50 on the favourite, Golden Boy.
        lay money (that)
        I’d lay money that he will go on to play for England.
    18. lay somebody/something on the line
      a. to state something, especially a threat, demand, or criticism, in a very clear way:
        Lay it on the line and tell them what’s really been happening.
      b. (also put somebody/something on the line) to risk losing your life, your job etc, especially in order to help someone:
        I’ve laid myself on the line for him once already.
    19. lay something at the door of somebody/something (also lay something at sb’s door) to blame something or someone for something:
        The continued divisions within the party cannot be laid entirely at his door.
        Many illnesses are being laid at the door of stress.
    20. lay somebody low
      a. [usually passive] if an illness lays someone low, they are unable to do their normal activities for a period of time
        lay somebody low with
        She’s been laid low with flu for a week.
      b. literary to make someone fall down, or injure them seriously
    21. lay somebody to rest formal to bury someone after they have died:
        She was laid to rest beside her husband. ⇨ lay/put something to rest at rest1(10)
    22. lay the ghost (of something) to finally stop being worried or upset by something from the past
    ⇨ lay your hands on something at hand1(18), ⇨ lay the blame on somebody/something at blame2, ⇨ put/lay your cards on the table at card1(13)
         
    GRAMMAR
      lay, lie
      The verb lay always has an object, except in sense 3. Its basic meaning is 'put something down on something':
      ▪ She lays a silk cloth over the table.
      The verb lie does not have an object. Its basic meaning is 'be or get into a horizontal position somewhere':
      ▪ She was lying (NOT laying) on her back.
      ▪ Lie down here for a while.
      Lay.is also the past tense of lie:
      ▪ I lay on the bed and tried to relax.
      The past tense of lay is laid:
      ▪ She laid the baby on the bed.
         
    lay about somebody phrasal verb literary old-fashioned
      to attack someone violently
       SYN  set about
        lay about somebody with
        He laid about his attackers with a stick.
    lay something ↔ aside phrasal verb
      1. to stop using something and put it down, especially so you can do something else
       SYN  put aside:
        Richard had laid aside his book to watch what was happening.
      2. to stop behaving in a particular way, or stop having particular feelings, especially so you can achieve something
       SYN  put aside:
        On the day of the wedding, all arguments between the families were laid aside.
        As a doctor, you often need to lay aside your personal feelings.
      3. (also lay something ↔ by) to keep something, especially money, so you can use it in the future
       SYN  put by:
        She’d laid aside a few pounds each week from her wages.
    lay something ↔ down phrasal verb
      1.  OFFICIALLY STATE to officially state something or say that rules, principles etc must be obeyed:
        He had already clearly laid down his view in his opening speech.
        lay down that
        The contract laid down that the work must be completed before 2025.
      2.  WEAPONS if people lay down their weapons, they stop fighting:
        The terrorists were urged to lay down their arms.
      3. lay down the law to tell other people what to do, how they should think etc, in a very strong or impolite way:
        I could hear him laying down the law.
      4. lay down your life formal to die in order to help other people
        lay down your life for
        He was even prepared to lay down his life for his friends.
      5.  KEEP to store something, especially wine, to use in the future
      6.  RECORD to record your music, for example in a recording studio:
        They are just about to start laying down tracks for their second album.
    lay something ↔ in phrasal verb especially British English formal
      to get and store a supply of something to use in the future:
        He likes to lay in a few special drinks for the festive season.
    lay into somebody/something phrasal verb
      to attack or criticize someone or something:
        Outside the club, two men were laying into each other.
    lay off phrasal verb
      1. lay somebody ↔ off to stop employing someone because there is no work for them to do ⇨ layoff:
        The company laid off 250 workers in December.
        Millions of people have been laid off in the steel industry.
      2. lay off (something) informal to stop using or doing something:
        I think you’d better lay off alcohol for a while.
        lay off doing something
        I had to lay off running for several months.
      3. lay off (somebody) informal to stop annoying someone or hurting them:
        Just lay off, will you!
        I wish he’d lay off me!
      4. lay something ↔ off to pass the ball to someone in your team in a game such as football – used in sports reports
        lay something off to somebody
        Murphy has the ball and then lays it off to Owen.
    lay something on phrasal verb
      1. lay something ↔ on especially British English to provide something such as food, entertainment, or transport for a group of people:
        They laid on a buffet for his farewell party.
        A bus has been laid on to take you home.
      2. lay something on somebody to ask someone to do something, especially something that is difficult or something they will not want to do:
        Sorry to lay this on you, but we need someone to give a talk at the conference next week.
      3. lay it on (thick) informal
      a. to praise someone or something too much, especially in order to get what you want
      b. to talk about something in a way that makes it seem more important, serious etc than it really is
       SYN  exaggerate
    lay somebody/something ↔ out phrasal verb
      1.  SPREAD to spread something out:
        Lay out the map on the table and let’s have a look.
      2.  ARRANGE to arrange or plan a building, town, garden etc
       SYN  set out:
        The garden is laid out in a formal pattern.
      3.  EXPLAIN to describe or explain something clearly
       SYN  set out:
        The financial considerations are laid out in a booklet called ‘How to Borrow Money’.
      4.  SPEND informal to spend money, especially a lot of money ⇨ outlay
        lay out something on something
        What’s the point in laying out money on something you’ll only wear once?
      5.  HIT informal to hit someone so hard that they fall down and become unconscious:
        One of the guards had been laid out and the other was missing.
      6.  BODY to prepare a dead body so that it can be buried
    lay over phrasal verb American English
      to stay somewhere for a short time before continuing your trip ⇨ layover
    lay up phrasal verb
      1. be laid up (with something) to have to stay in bed because you are ill or injured:
        I was laid up for a week with flu.
      2. to stop using a boat or vehicle, especially while it is being repaired
        lay something ↔ up
        Most of the yachts were laid up for the winter.
      3. lay something ↔ up old-fashioned to collect and store something to use in the future:
        We started laying up firewood for the winter.

    III
    lay3 adjective [only before noun]
     Date: 1300-1400
     Language: Old French
     Origin: lai, from Late Latin laicus, from Greek laikos 'of the people', from laos 'people'

      a. not trained or not knowing much about a particular profession or subject ⇨ layman:
        lay witnesses
      b. not in an official position in the church:
        a lay preacher

    IV
    lay4 noun [countable]
     Sense 1-3
     Date: 1800-1900
     Origin: lay1
     Sense 4
     Date: 1200-1300
     Language: Old French
     Origin: lai
    1. the lay of the land
      a. the situation that exists at a particular time:
        Get the lay of the land before you make any decisions.
      b. the appearance of an area of land, for example the way it slopes
    2. the lay of something the appearance of something and where each part of it is:
        Mr. Lowe will give you the lay of the camp and tell you what we’re going to be doing.
    3. be a good/quick/easy etc lay informal to be a good, quick etc person to have sex with
    4. literary a poem or song


    verb,
    adjective,
    noun
    🔑 layBrE /leɪ/ 🔊NAmE /leɪ/ 🔊  ➡  see also lie1 verb verbpresent simple - I / you / we / they lay BrE /leɪ/ 🔊 NAmE /leɪ/ 🔊present simple - he / she / it lays BrE /leɪz/ 🔊 NAmE /leɪz/ 🔊past simple laid BrE /leɪd/ 🔊 NAmE /leɪd/ 🔊past participle laid BrE /leɪd/ 🔊 NAmE /leɪd/ 🔊 -ing form laying BrE /ˈleɪɪŋ/ 🔊 NAmE /ˈleɪɪŋ/ 🔊➤put down/spread 放下；展开🔑 [transitive] to put sb/sth in a particular position, especially when it is done gently or carefully （尤指轻轻地或小心地）放置，安放，搁◆~ sb/sth (+ adv./prep.) She laid the baby down gently on the bed. 她把婴儿轻轻地放在床上。🔊🔊◆He laid a hand on my arm. 他把手搭在我的胳膊上。🔊🔊◆The horse laid back its ears. 那匹马把耳朵往后竖着。🔊🔊◆Relatives laid wreaths on the grave. 死者亲属在墓前献了花圈。🔊🔊◆~ sb/sth + adj. The cloth should be laid flat. 布应展开平放。🔊🔊 HELP Some speakers confuse this sense of lay with lie, especially in the present and progressive tenses. However, lay has an object and lie does not. 有些人把 lay 这一义项与 lie 混淆了，尤其是在现在时和进行时中。然而，lay 后可接宾语，lie 后则不接宾语◆She was lying on the beach. 她躺在沙滩上。🔊🔊◆ She was laying on the beach. ◆Why don't you lie on the bed? 你为什么不到床上躺着？🔊🔊◆ Why don't you lay on the bed? In the past tenses laid (from: lay) is often wrongly used for lay or lain (from: lie). 在过去式中，laid（原形是 lay）常被误作 lay 或 lain（原形是 lie）◆She had lain there all night. 她在那儿躺了一整晚。🔊🔊◆ She had laid there all night. 🔑 [transitive] ~ sth (down) to put sth down, especially on the floor, ready to be used 铺，铺放，铺设（尤指在地板上）◆to lay a carpet/cable/pipe 铺地毯；铺设电缆；铺管道◆The foundations of the house are being laid today. 今天正在给房子打地基。🔊🔊◆(figurative) They had laid the groundwork for future development. 他们为此后的发展奠定了基础。🔊🔊🔑 [transitive] to spread sth on sth; to cover sth with a layer of sth （在某物上）摊开，涂，敷；用一层…覆盖◆~ A (on/over B) Before they started they laid newspaper on the floor. 他们开始前在地板上铺了报纸。🔊🔊◆The grapes were laid to dry on racks. 葡萄被摊放在架子上晾干。🔊🔊◆~ B with A The floor was laid with newspaper. 地板上铺了报纸。🔊🔊➤eggs 卵🔑 [transitive, intransitive] ~ (sth) if a bird, an insect, a fish, etc. lays eggs, it produces them from its body （鸟、昆虫、鱼等）下（蛋），产（卵）◆The cuckoo lays its eggs in other birds' nests. 杜鹃在其他鸟的巢中下蛋。🔊🔊◆new-laid eggs鲜蛋◆The hens are not laying well (= not producing many eggs). 母鸡现在不爱下蛋。🔊🔊➤table 桌子🔑 [transitive] ~ sth (BrE) to arrange knives, forks, plates, etc. on a table ready for a meal 摆放餐具于（准备就餐） SYN set ◆to lay the table摆好餐具准备用餐➤present proposal 提出建议 [transitive] ~ sth + adv./prep. to present a proposal, some information, etc. to sb for them to think about and decide on 提出，提交（建议、信息等）◆The bill was laid before Parliament. 议案已提交议会审议。🔊🔊➤difficult situation 困境 [transitive] ~ sb/sth + adv./prep. (formal) to put sb/sth in a particular position or state, especially a difficult or unpleasant one 使处于特定状态（尤指困境） SYN place ◆to lay a responsibility/burden on sb把责任／重担加于某人身上◆to lay sb under an obligation to do sth使某人承担做某事的义务➤with nouns 与名词连用 [transitive] ~ sth + adv./prep. used with a noun to form a phrase that has the same meaning as the verb related to the noun （与名词连用构成短语，其含义与该名词的相关动词相同）◆to lay the blame on sb (= to blame sb) 归咎于某人◆Our teacher lays great stress on good spelling (= stresses it strongly). 我们老师着力强调要拼写正确。🔊🔊➤plan/trap 计划；圈套 [transitive] ~ sth to prepare sth in detail 周密准备；筹划；设置◆to lay a trap for sb给某人设下圈套◆She began to lay her plans for her escape. 她开始周密策划准备逃走。🔊🔊◆Bad weather can upset even the best-laid plans. 天气不好，再好的计划也会打乱。🔊🔊➤have sex 性交 [transitive, often passive] ~ sb (slang) to have sex with sb 与（某人）性交◆He went out hoping to get laid that night. 他那天晚上外出希望找个女人睡一宿。🔊🔊➤fire 火 [transitive] ~ sth to prepare a fire by arranging wood, sticks or coal （摆好木、柴或煤）生火➤bet 打赌 [transitive] to bet money on sth; to place a bet 对…下赌金；下赌注◆~ sth to lay a bet下赌注◆~ sth on sth She had laid $100 on the favourite. 她在那匹夺标呼声最高的马上下注 100 美元。🔊🔊◆~ (sb) sth (that)… I'll lay you any money you like (that) he won't come.我看他不来了，你愿意赌多少钱我都奉陪。 HELP This pattern is not used in the passive. 此句型不用于被动语态。 HELP Idioms containing lay are at the entries for the nouns and adjectives in the idioms, for example lay sth bare is at bare. 含 lay 的习语，都可在该等习语中的名词及形容词相关词条找到，如 lay sth bare 在词条 bare 下。 ●ˌlay aˈbout sb (with sth)(BrE) to attack sb violently 袭击（或猛打）某人◆The gang laid about him with sticks. 那伙人用棍棒狠狠揍他。🔊🔊●ˌlay aˈbout you/yourself (with sth)(BrE) to hit sb/sth without control or move your arms or legs violently in all directions 乱打；（向四面）拳打脚踢，猛打◆She laid about herself with her stick to keep the dogs off. 她挥棒乱打以赶走那几条狗。🔊🔊●ˌlay sth↔aˈside(formal) to put sth on one side and not use it or think about it 把…放在一边（或搁置一旁） SYN set sth↔aside ◆He laid aside his book and stood up. 他把书放在一边，站了起来。🔊🔊◆(figurative) Doctors have to lay their personal feelings aside. 医生不得不把个人的情感置之度外。🔊🔊 (also ˌlay sth ˈby) to keep sth to use, or deal with later 留存备用；留待以后处理 SYN put sth↔aside ◆They had laid money aside for their old age. 他们存钱防老。🔊🔊●ˌlay sth↔ˈdownto put sth down or stop using it 放下；停止使用 SYN put down ◆She laid the book down on the table. 她把书放在桌上。🔊🔊◆Both sides were urged to lay down their arms (= stop fighting). 双方都被敦促放下武器。🔊🔊(formal) to stop doing a job, etc. 中断（工作）；辞（职）；放弃◆to lay down your duties停止履行职责if you lay down a rule or a principle, you state officially that people must obey it or use it 规定，制定（条例或原则）◆You can't lay down hard and fast rules. 规则不能定得太死。🔊🔊◆it is laid down that… It is laid down that all candidates must submit three copies of their dissertation. 根据规定，所有学位答辩人均须提交论文一式三份。🔊🔊 [usually passive] to produce sth that is stored and gradually increases 积存◆If you eat too much, the surplus is laid down as fat. 要是吃得太多，过剩的营养就会积聚成为脂肪。🔊🔊●ˌlay sth↔ˈin/ˈupto collect and store sth to use in the future 贮备；贮存◆to lay in food supplies贮存食物●ˌlay ˈinto sb/sth(informal) to attack sb violently with blows or words 猛打；痛打；责骂；抨击◆His parents really laid into him for wasting so much money. 他因挥霍这么多钱财被父母狠狠地责骂了一顿。🔊🔊●ˌlay ˈoff●ˌlay ˈoff sb/sth(informal) used to tell sb to stop doing sth （让人停止做某事）停止，别再打扰◆Lay off me will you—it's nothing to do with me. 别找我好不好，这事与我无关。🔊🔊◆lay off doing sth Lay off bullying Jack. 别再欺负杰克。🔊🔊●ˌlay ˈoff sth(informal) to stop using sth 停止使用◆I think you'd better lay off fatty foods for a while. 我认为你最好暂时别吃油腻的食物。🔊🔊●ˌlay sb↔ˈoffto stop employing sb because there is not enough work for them to do （因工作不多而）解雇 SYN redundant  ➡  related noun lay-off ●ˌlay sth↔ˈon(BrE, informal) to provide sth for sb, especially food or entertainment 提供（尤指食物或娱乐）◆to lay on food and drink提供饮食◆A bus has been laid on to take guests to the airport. 已安排公共汽车运送客人去机场。🔊🔊●ˌlay sth ˈon sb(informal) to make sb have to deal with sth unpleasant or difficult 使不得不处理（讨厌或困难的事）◆Stop laying a guilt trip on me (= making me feel guilty). 别再让我感到内疚了。🔊🔊●ˌlay sb↔ˈoutto knock sb unconscious 把…打昏to prepare a dead body to be buried （给死者）作殡葬准备●ˌlay sth↔ˈoutto spread sth out so that it can be seen easily or is ready to use 铺开；摆开；展开◆He laid the map out on the table. 他把地图在桌子上展开。🔊🔊◆+ adj. Lay the material out flat. 把布料摊开放平。🔊🔊 [often passive] to plan how sth should look and arrange it in this way 布置；策划；安排；设计◆The gardens were laid out with lawns and flower beds. 花园里设置了草坪和花坛。🔊🔊◆a well-laid-out magazine设计精美的杂志  ➡  related noun layout to present a plan, an argument, etc. clearly and carefully 清晰谨慎地提出，策划（计划、论点等） SYN set out ◆All the terms and conditions are laid out in the contract. 所有的条款与条件在合同中均已清楚地列明。🔊🔊(informal) to spend money 花钱 SYN fork out ◆I had to lay out a fortune on a new car. 我只好花一大笔钱买了辆新车。🔊🔊  ➡  related noun outlay ●ˌlay ˈover (at/in…)(NAmE) to stay somewhere for a short time during a long journey （长途旅行期间）作短暂停留  ➡  related noun layover  ➡  see also stop over (at/in…) at stop ●ˌlay sb ˈup [usually passive] if sb is laid up, they are unable to work, etc. because of an illness or injury （因病或受伤而）卧床歇工◆She's laid up with a broken leg. 她因腿部骨折卧床养病。🔊🔊●ˌlay sth ↔ ˈup = lay sth↔in/up if you lay up problems or trouble for yourself, you do sth that will cause you problems later 自找（麻烦）；自讨（苦吃）to stop using a ship or other vehicle while it is being repaired （船或其他交通工具维修时）停止使用，搁置不用
    🔑 layBrE /leɪ/ 🔊NAmE /leɪ/ 🔊  ➡  see also lie1 verb adjective [only before noun] not having expert knowledge or professional qualifications in a particular subject 外行的；非专业的；缺少专门知识的◆His book explains the theory for the lay public. 他的书为普通大众阐明了这个理论。🔊🔊not in an official position in the Church 平信徒的；在俗的◆a lay preacher在俗传道员  ➡  see also layman, layperson, laywoman
    🔑 layBrE /leɪ/ 🔊NAmE /leɪ/ 🔊  ➡  see also lie1 verb noun(taboo, informal) a partner in sex, especially a woman 性伙伴；（尤指）性交的女人◆an easy lay (= a person who is ready and willing to have sex) 淫妇◆to be a great lay为荒淫无度的荡妇(old use) a poem that was written to be sung, usually telling a story （供吟唱的）叙事诗●the ˌlay of the ˈland(NAmE) (BrE the ˌlie of the ˈland) the way the land in an area is formed and what physical characteristics it has 地貌；地势；地形the way a situation is now and how it is likely to develop 目前的形势及发展趋势