literature
Word family
Longman Dictionary of Contemporary English 5++LDOCE 5++lit·e·ra·ture /ˈlɪtərətʃə $ -tʃʊr/ ●●● S3 W2 noun [uncountable] 1 ALbooks, plays, poems etc that people think are important and good 文学；文学作品 He has read many of the major works of literature. 他读过许多重要的文学作品。 Italian literature 意大利文学► see thesaurus at book2 TCNall the books, articles etc on a particular subject 〔某一学科的〕著述；文献资料literature on literature on the history of science 科学史的文献资料in the literature Several cases of mercury poisoning have been recorded in the literature. 文献上记载了几宗汞中毒事件。3 INFORMATIONprinted information produced by people who want to sell you something or tell you about something 〔推销商品或提供信息的〕印刷品，宣传品 sales literature 推销宣传品Examples from the Corpus
literature• "The Sun Also Rises" is a classic of American literature.• The romantic thread, developed primarily through art and literature, idealizes family relationships.• She is a professor of language and literature at Arizona State University.• Mitterrand's oratory and writings displayed a wide grasp of history, philosophy, religion and literature.• a master's degree in Asian literature• She's studying European literature at the University of Illinois.• the Nobel Prize for Literature• These were present in literature and art as well as in medicine.• I teach Japanese literature.• medical literature• Like most modern literature, the new narrative reflects the ontological uncertainty of contemporary man.• Income tax guidebooks are the ultimate in obligation literature.• Some researchers have argued that hypotheses are formulated before the review of literature formally begins.• The struggle produced at least two first-rate publications in the field of political literature.• Where needed the Police are supplying road safety literature, advice and instruction.• We want people who have read some literature.works of literature• Our terms of reference suggested that we should consider drama in the context of the great dramatic works of literature.• Barthes managed to leave the great works of literature intact.• Pupils use drama to gain insights into moral and social issues in works of literature.• At the same time it also illustrates the practical purpose narrative theory may have for the reading of individual works of literature.• During this period concordances to many major works of literature were produced by computer, but published in traditional hard copy.in the literature• The three E's audit in the public sector receives most attention in the literature.• More difficult to specify is product design though many examples are cited in the literature.• Strangely enough, this question has not received intensive consideration in the literature of any major discipline.• Let us now turn to one of the definitions most favoured in the literature, albeit mostly in an implicit form.• Thus Ahuja's book is the very first in the literature devoted to the evaluation of impurities in drugs.• This master curve is typical of those obtained on a number of amorphous polymers and to be found in the literature.• Very frequently in the literature earlier discussions about sign language universality are described as myths or misconceptions.• Glycoproteins by R. C. Hughes also fills a definite gap in the literature.From Longman Business Dictionaryliteraturelit‧e‧ra‧ture /ˈlɪtərətʃə-tʃʊr/ noun [uncountable]1MARKETINGinformation about a product, company etcThe figure quoted in the sales literature is frankly optimistic.advertising literature2books, articles, etc that give information about a particular subjectmanagement literatureOrigin literature (1300-1400) Old French Latin litteratura, from litteratus; → LITERATElit·e·ra·ture nounChineseSyllable
people poems Business Corpus think plays, that etc books,
literature
lit‧e‧ra‧ture S3 W2 /ˈlɪtərətʃə $ -tʃʊr/
noun [uncountable]
He has read many of the major works of literature.
Italian literature
2. all the books, articles etc on a particular subject
literature on
literature on the history of science
in the literature
Several cases of mercury poisoning have been recorded in the literature.
3. printed information produced by people who want to sell you something or tell you about something:
sales literature
■ types of book
▪novel noun [countable] a book about imaginary people and events: The film is based on Nick Hornby’s best-selling novel. | a historical novel
▪fiction noun [uncountable] books that describe imaginary people and events: She reads a lot of romantic fiction.
▪literature noun [uncountable] novels and plays that are considered to be important works of art: I’m studying American literature at university.
▪non-fiction noun [uncountable] books that describe real people and events: Men tend to prefer non-fiction.
▪science fiction noun [uncountable] books about imaginary events in the future or space travel
▪reference book noun [countable] a book such as a dictionary or encyclopedia, which you look at to find information
▪textbook noun [countable] a book about a particular subject that you use in a classroom
▪set book British English, course book British English noun [countable] a book that you have to study as part of your course
▪guidebook noun [countable] a book telling visitors about a city or country
▪picture book noun [countable] a book for children with many pictures in it
▪hardcover/hardback noun [countable] a book that has a hard stiff cover
▪paperback noun [countable] a book that has a paper cover
▪biography noun [countable] a book about a real person’s life, written by another person
▪autobiography noun [countable] a book that someone has written about their own life
▪recipe book/cookery book British English (also cookbook American English) noun [countable] a book that tells you how to cook different meals
lit‧e‧ra‧ture S3 W2 /ˈlɪtərətʃə $ -tʃʊr/
noun [uncountable] Word Family: noun: literature, literacy ≠ illiteracy, illiterate, literati; adjective: literary, literate ≠ illiterate
1. books, plays, poems etc that people think are important and good: 2. all the books, articles etc on a particular subject
literature on
in the literature
3. printed information produced by people who want to sell you something or tell you about something:
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also
Being a writer 当作家
write/publish literature/poetry/fiction/a book/a story/a poem/a novel/a review/an autobiography写／发表文学作品／诗集／小说／书／故事／诗歌／长篇小说／评论／自传 become a writer/novelist/playwright成为作家／小说家／剧作家 find/have a publisher/an agent找到／有出版商／代理人 have a new book out出版一部新书 edit/revise/proofread a book/text/manuscript编辑／修订／校对书／文章／原稿 dedicate a book/poem to…把一本书／一首诗献给…
Plot, character and atmosphere 情节、人物和氛围
construct/create/weave/weave sth into a complex narrative构思／创作／编写／把某事编成一部复杂的叙事小说 advance/drive the plot推进故事情节的发展 introduce/present the protagonist/a character介绍主人公／一个人物 describe/depict/portray a character (as…)/(sb as) a hero/villain描述人物／英雄／坏蛋；把一个人物描绘成…；把某人描绘成英雄／坏蛋 create an exciting/a tense atmosphere营造一种令人兴奋／紧张的气氛 build/heighten the suspense/tension制造／增加悬念／紧张气氛 evoke/capture the pathos of the situation唤起对这种状况的同情 convey emotion/an idea/an impression/a sense of…传达…情感／思想；给人…印象／感觉 engage the reader吸引读者 seize/capture/grip the (reader's) imagination抓住（读者的）想象力 arouse/elicit emotion/sympathy (in the reader)唤起（读者的）情感／同情 lack imagination/emotion/structure/rhythm缺乏想象力／情感／精心组织／节奏感
Language, style and imagery 语言、风格和形象语言
use/employ language/imagery/humour/( humor/an image/a symbol/a metaphor/a deviceespecially
使用语言／形象语言／幽默／意象／象征／暗喻／手段 use/adopt/develop a style/technique使用／采用／形成一种风格／技巧 be rich in/be full of symbolism富含象征意义 evoke images of…/a sense of…/a feeling of…唤起…的形象／感觉 create/achieve an effect创造／取得效果 maintain/lighten the tone维持／缓和基调 introduce/develop an idea/a theme引入／发展一种思想／一个主题 inspire a novel/a poet/sb's work/sb's imagination促成小说的创作；给诗人以灵感；促成某人作品的诞生；激发某人的想象力
Reading and criticism 阅读与评论
read an author/sb's work/fiction/poetry/a text/a poem/a novel/a chapter/a passage读一个作家的作品／某人的著作／小说／诗集／一篇文章／一首诗／一部小说／一个章节／一段文章 review a book/a novel/sb's work评论一本书／一部小说／某人的作品 give sth/get/have/receive a good/bad review给予／得到好评／恶评 be hailed (as)/be recognized as a masterpiece被誉为一部杰作 quote a phrase/line/stanza/passage/author引用一个短语／一行诗／一节诗／一段文章／作者的话 provoke/spark discussion/criticism引发讨论／评论 study/interpret/understand a text/passage研读／解读／理解一篇文章／一段文章 translate sb's work/a text/a passage/a novel/a poem翻译某人的作品／一篇文章／一段文章／一部小说／一首诗