make
Word family
Longman Dictionary of Contemporary English 5++LDOCE 5++make1 /meɪk/ ●●● S1 W1 verb (past tense and past participle made /meɪd/) 1 produce 制作,制造 [transitive]MAKE to produce something, for example by putting the different parts of it together 制造，做，组装 I’m going to show you how to make a box for your tools. 我来教你怎么做一个箱子存放工具。 A family of mice had made their nest in the roof. 一窝老鼠在屋顶上安了家。 She made her own wedding dress. 她的婚纱是自己做的。 The company has been making quality furniture for over 200 years. 这家公司制作优质家具有两百多年的历史了。 They met while they were making a film. 他们是在拍电影时认识的。 Make a list of all the things you need. 把你需要的所有物品列一份清单。make somebody something He made her a toy horse, using just some straw and bamboo twigs. 他仅用了些稻草和竹枝就给她做了个玩具马。be made from something Paper is made from wood. 纸是用木材制成的。be made (out) of something a shirt made of silk 真丝衬衫make something from/out of something She’s very good at making things from old scraps of material. 她很会用旧的碎料来制作东西。Japanese-made/English-made etc (=produced in Japan etc) 日本制造/英国制造等 → make the bed at bed1(1) →5 see picture at 见图 assemble →5 see picture at 见图 assemble5 GRAMMAR 语法• Use made from especially when the materials used to make something have been completely changed and cannot be recognized. 用于制作某物的原料已完全改变而无法辨认时，要用made froma wine made from Chilean grapes用智利出产的葡萄酿造的葡萄酒• Use made of when the materials have not been completely changed and can still be recognized. 原材料并未完全改变、 仍可辨认时，要用made ofThe wheels were made of wood.这些轮子是木头做的。 ►Do not use 'made by' when talking about the materials used to make something. 表示某物由何种材料制成时，不要用made by。2 do 做 [transitive]DO used with some nouns to say that someone does something 进行；作出〔与某些名词连用，表示某人做某事〕 Anyone can make a mistake. 任何人都可能犯错。 I can’t make a decision just yet. 我还没法作出决定。 I need to make a quick phone call. 我需要很快地打个电话。 You could have made more effort to talk to him. 你其实可以再想想办法和他谈谈。 He made no attempt to apologize. 他没有去道歉。 Could I make a suggestion? 我能提个建议吗？ There are a few points I’d like to make. 有几点我想说明一下。 The police were called but no arrests were made. 警察被叫来了，但没有逮捕什么人。 I suppose we should make a start on cleaning this room. 我想我们应该开始打扫房间了。 Stop making such a fuss! 别这样大惊小怪的！3 cook 做饭 [transitive] to cook or prepare food or drink 做；准备〔食物〕4 cause 导致 [transitive]CAUSE to cause something to happen, or cause a particular state or condition 引起，导致；使…发生5 force 迫使 [transitive]FORCE somebody TO DO something to force someone to do something 迫使〔某人做某事〕6 mark/hole etc 印记/洞等 [transitive]CAUSE to cause a mark, hole etc to appear 使形成，留下〔印记、洞等〕7 make it 8 make the meeting/the party/Tuesday etc spokenGO to be able to go to something that has been arranged for a particular date or time 能够出席[参加]会议/聚会/周二的活动等9 achieve STH 做成某事 [transitive]SUCCEED IN DOING something to succeed in achieving a particular position, rate etc 成功获得[达到]〔某一位置、速度等〕10 get money 得到钱 [transitive]EARN to earn or get money 挣得；获得〔钱〕11 have a quality 具有某一特性 [linking verb]SUITABLE to have the qualities that are necessary for a particular job, use, or purpose 适合，胜任12 make it/that something spoken used to correct what you have just said 是…，应该是…〔用于纠正刚说过的话〕13 make do DEAL WITHto manage with the things that you have, even though this is not really enough 凑合，将就14 make yourself heard/understood/known etc to succeed in getting someone to hear you, understand you, or know that you are there 让人听到/理解/知道等自己15 be a total 合为总数 [linking verb]TOTAL to be a particular amount when added together 合计为，总计16 calculate 计算 [transitive]COUNT/CALCULATE used to say what you have calculated a number to be 计算为，算出17 sports score 体育比赛得分 [transitive] to achieve a particular score in a sports game 〔在体育比赛中〕得到…分18 make somebody captain/leader etc JOB/WORKto give someone a new job or position in a group, organization etc 任命某人为队长/领导等19 make believe PRETENDto pretend or imagine that something is true when it is not 假装；假想20 make like informalBEHAVE to behave as if something is true when it is not 假装，装作21 make as if to do something literaryPRETEND to seem as if you are going to do something but then not do it 好像要做某事22 arrive 到达 [transitive] old-fashionedARRIVE to arrive at or get to a particular place, especially when it is difficult 〔尤指在有困难的情况下〕到达〔某处〕23 make the papers/headlines/front page etc NEWSto be interesting or important enough to be printed in a newspaper, reported on television etc 登上报纸/成为头条新闻/成为头版新闻等24 make or break SUCCEED IN DOING somethingto cause something or someone either to be very successful or to fail completely 使大为成功或彻底失败，不成则毁25 that makes two of us spokenAGREE used to say that you agree with someone or that something that is true of them is true of you too 对我来说也是如此；对我同样适用26 make STH perfect 使某物完美 [transitive] informalPERFECT to make something complete or successful 使完美；使成功27. make it with somebody old-fashioned informalSEX/HAVE SEX WITH to have sex with someone 与某人做爱 → made, → make somebody’s day at day(19), → make friends at friend1(3), → make good at good1(35), → make sense at sense1(5)n GRAMMAR: Comparisonbe made of• You use this when saying which material is used to make something. The material has not been changed and can still be recognized: The table is made of wood.The ring was made of solid gold. be made from• You use this especially when the materials used to make something have been completely changed and cannot be recognized: The drink is made from cherries.Cheese is made from milk. ✗Don’t say: made by cherries | made by milkbe made by• You use this when saying who makes something: The pots are made by local craftsmen.• You also use this when saying how something is made: Tar is made by heating coal to a high temperature. THESAURUSmake used about things you make yourself, or things that are made in a factory 制作；制造Diane makes all her own clothes. 黛安娜的衣服都是自己做的。My camera was made in China. 我的相机是中国制造的。produce to make something in large quantities to be sold, or to make something as the result of a natural process 制造，生产；产生The factory produces high-quality steel. 该工厂生产优质钢材。nJapan produces some of the most advanced mobile phones.The pancreas is a gland in your body which produces hormones. 胰腺是人体内分泌激素的一个腺体。create to make something new and original 创造Tarantino created a whole new style of films. 塔伦蒂诺创造了一种全新的电影风格。Many companies invest a lot of money in creating new products. 许多公司投入大笔资金创制新产品。nPotter was famous for creating characters such as ‘Peter Rabbit’.nThis technique is used to create images of beautiful forests.manufacture to make machines, cars, equipment etc in factories 〔在工厂〕生产，制造〔机器、汽车、设备等〕The company manufactures aircraft parts. 该公司生产飞机零部件。mass-produce to make very large quantities of something in a factory 〔在工厂〕大批量生产They developed a way to mass-produce the drug. 他们研发出一种新方法，可以大批量生产这种药物。develop to design and make something new over a period of time 研制〔新产品〕In 1962, Enders developed an effective vaccine against measles. 1962年，恩德斯研制出一种可有效预防麻疹的疫苗。The company is developing new anti-virus software. 该公司正在开发一种新的杀毒软件。form to make something as the result of a natural process or chemical reaction 〔经过自然过程或化学反应而〕形成,产生Hydrogen and oxygen combine to form water. 氢和氧结合生成水。The research will help us understand how planets are formed. 这项研究可帮助我们了解行星是怎样形成的。generate to make something such as heat, electricity, or power 产生〔热、电、动力等〕Wind can be used to generate electricity. 风力可用来发电。 PHRASAL VERBS→ See Verb tableExamples from the Corpus
make• Don't they make a cute couple?• Cooper's going to make a good doctor one day.• He'll make a good father.• Ella makes a lot of money.• Diane makes all her own clothes.• Archie doesn't even make an effort to help out around the house.• Carol's making carrot cake for dessert.• He ran 30 yards to make his second touchdown of the quarter.• a car made in Japan• "How much do I owe you for the meal?'' "I make it $10.50.''• He was starting to wonder if he would ever make it in the Major Leagues.• Children with the disease rarely make it past their tenth birthday.• At school the other kids always made jokes about my name.• a bag made of leather• British Telecom made over $3 billion last year.• Did you make that dress yourself?• Engineers have been working throughout the night to make the bridge safe.• For me, the trip to Caracas made the holiday.• He could make things very difficult for us.• He made two small holes in the wood.make something from/out of something• Boris Yeltsin made a career out of bashing the bureaucrats and railing against privilege as Moscow party boss in the late 1980s.• She was making money out of it both ways.• You had your own reasons for making the call, and why not make a joke out of it?• The movie is less than a miracle, but it made a believer out of me.• To make two worlds out of one is, quite literally, to tear it apart.• He made music out of that hood, the rest of us watching and sipping, digging it.• Few could make sense out of the tragedy brought on the community by a balding middle-aged man.made it clear• He made it clear he could never acknowledge my existence to his family and I didn't expect him to.• Richard G.. Lugar of Indiana, who has made it clear he will vote for Lake.• We also made it clear that both dose and frequency should be adjusted as dictated by serum concentrations.• Numerous court cases have made it clear there are limits to free speech.be made to do something• No effort was made to ascertain if others were involved.• They are made to be drunk at one sitting.• An attempt was made to blow up a police chief.• Likewise arrangements should be made to ensure that supplementary information will be available where required.• As long as no one is inflicting harm on anyone else, why should they be made to feel guilty for a little self-indulgence?• Arrangements were made to obtain contributions from employers of casual labour who might have more than one employer in any week.• Every effort is made to provide each student with an informed pathway of study through the successive levels of a course.• Both systems can be made to work.make a hole/dent/mark etc• A party conference is a natural stamping ground for those who have barely four days in which to make a mark.• Among most it has barely made a dent.• Her career was what was important, her independence, her self-worth, making a mark.• She thought it dry, and it was, but she could not make a dent in the downpour itself.• The commission had barely begun to make a dent in the problem.• They talked through their own intercom system, and the assistant made marks on the map with a grease pencil.• He had made Mark's life a misery, been instrumental in his death.make something out of something• Boris Yeltsin made a career out of bashing the bureaucrats and railing against privilege as Moscow party boss in the late 1980s.• Make me get out of bed and come and let you in and light a light.• And aye people made something out of it.• The movie is less than a miracle, but it made a believer out of me.• If a man could tell the difference between the two parties he would make a sucker out of Solomon for wisdom.• Engineers are better than other folks at making meaning out of the shards of facts and statistics.• Building societies make up 18 out of the top 20 performers, which is further proof of the benefits of mutuality.• You can make some bookcases out of those crates.• That night I sat with my neighbour trying to make sense out of what had happened.make2 ●●○ noun 1 TYPE[countable] the name of a particular product or of the company that makes it 〔产品的〕牌子，品牌2 be on the make informal to be trying to get money or power – used to show disapproval 极力谋求利益〔含贬义〕Examples from the Corpus
make• To my knowledge there are currently four different makes of locator available.• Mention the missile but not the make.• Not poverty beaten down, poverty rather on the make, without being clever enough to make it.• "What make of car was she driving?" "A Mercedes."make of• They use a different make of computer.• Tom could see that McCarron didn't know what to make of the information.• Have you read Dawson's letter? What do you make of it?From Longman Business Dictionarymakemake1 /meɪk/ verb (past tense and past participle made /meɪd/, present participle making)1[transitive]MANUFACTURING to produce something by working or by using industrial processesThe company makes and sells pumps and motors.a label on the toy read ‘ made in Taiwan’2to earn or get moneyThe purpose of this business is to make money.He expects to make $100,000 this year.3make a living (doing something) to earn the money you need to liveHe makes a good living selling used cars.4make a profit/lossCOMMERCEFINANCEACCOUNTING to make more or less money than you spendThe company made a pretax profit of £309,000.5make a marketFINANCE if a financial institution makes a market in particular shares etc, it has them available for people and organizations to buy at all timesThe company said it would no longer make a market in government securities. → see also marketmaker6make good if you make good on a promise or loan, you do what you promised or give back money that is owedHow does Honda plan to make good its pledge?make good onPirelli intends to make good on any trading losses by its allies.7make it (big) to be successful in a particular activity or businessThis is a tough business, but I hope you make it.He failed in his efforts to make it big in Los Angeles.8make or break to cause either great success or complete failureThey were well aware that large scale investment would make or break the company.This is a make-or-break year for us. → make out → make something → over → make up something→ See Verb tablemakemake2 noun [countable]1MARKETINGa particular name for a product made by a particular companySYN BRANDThe goods were the manufacturer’s own make.make ofIts devices can work with many different makes of computer.2be on the make informal to be always trying to get an advantage for yourselfOrigin make1 Old English macianmake1 verb →10-19 →20-27
→5 GRAMMAR1 →n GRAMMAR2 →n GRAMMAR3 →n GRAMMAR4
→REGISTER1 →THESAURUS1 →PHRASAL VERBS1make2 nounLDOCE OnlineChinese
→5 GRAMMAR1 →n GRAMMAR2 →n GRAMMAR3 →n GRAMMAR4
→REGISTER1 →THESAURUS1 →PHRASAL VERBS1make2 nounLDOCE OnlineChinese
example different parts to something, by putting produce for Business Corpus the
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make
make1 S1 W1 /meɪk/ 
verb (past tense and past participle made /meɪd/)
I’m going to show you how to make a box for your tools.
A family of mice had made their nest in the roof.
She made her own wedding dress.
The company has been making quality furniture for over 200 years.
They met while they were making a film.
Make a list of all the things you need.
make somebody something
He made her a toy horse, using just some straw and bamboo twigs.
be made from something
Paper is made from wood.
be made (out) of something
a shirt made of silk
make something from/out of something
She’s very good at making things from old scraps of material.
Japanese-made/English-made etc (=produced in Japan etc) ⇨ make the bed at bed1(1)
GRAMMAR
Use made from especially when the materials used to make something have been completely changed and cannot be recognized:
▪a wine made from Chilean grapes
Use made of when the materials have not been completely changed and can still be recognized:
▪The wheels were made of wood.
► Do not use 'made by' when talking about the materials used to make something.
2. DO [transitive] used with some nouns to say that someone does something:
Anyone can make a mistake.
I can’t make a decision just yet.
I need to make a quick phone call.
You could have made more effort to talk to him.
He made no attempt to apologize.
Could I make a suggestion?
There are a few points I’d like to make.
The police were called but no arrests were made.
I suppose we should make a start on cleaning this room.
Stop making such a fuss!
3. COOK [transitive] to cook or prepare food or drink:
When was the last time you made a cake?
John was making breakfast in the kitchen.
Who’s going to make the tea?
make somebody something
I’ll make you some sandwiches.
4. CAUSE [transitive] to cause something to happen, or cause a particular state or condition:
Its beautiful beaches make this a highly popular area with tourists.
It was this movie which made him a star.
His attitude made him very unpopular with colleagues.
The photo makes her look much older than she really is.
make somebody/something do something
I like him because he makes me laugh.
make something difficult/easy/possible etc
The use of computers has made it possible for more people to work from home.
make something the best/worst/most expensive etc
Over 80,000 people attended, making it the biggest sporting event in the area.
The President has made it clear that he is not going to change his mind.
REGISTER
In written English, people often use cause somebody to do something rather than make somebody do something, as it sounds more formal:
▪His attitude caused him to be unpopular with colleagues.
5. FORCE [transitive] to force someone to do something
make somebody do something
My parents always make me do my homework before I go out.
be made to do something
I was made to wait four hours before I was examined by a doctor.
6. MARK/HOLE ETC [transitive] to cause a mark, hole etc to appear
make a hole/dent/mark etc
Make a hole in the paper.
The cup has made a mark on the table.
7. make it
a. to succeed in getting somewhere in time for something or when this is difficult:
If we run, we should make it.
make it to
With blood pouring from his leg, he made it to a nearby house.
b. to be successful at something, for example in your job:
He came to the US and not only made it but made it big (=was extremely successful).
So far, relatively few women have made it to the top in the business world.
make it as
He was told he had no talent and would never make it as a professional singer.
make it to
England look less likely to make it to the finals.
make it to manager/director etc
How did anyone so stupid make it to manager?
c. spoken to be able to go to an event, meeting etc that has been arranged:
I’m really sorry, but I won’t be able to make it on Sunday after all.
Nice to see you. I’m glad you could make it.
d. informal to continue to live after you have been seriously ill or badly injured:
Frank was very ill, and the doctors didn’t think he’d make it.
e. to manage to deal with a difficult experience
make it through
I couldn’t have made it through those times without the support of my boyfriend.
f. used to say or ask what time it is according to your own or someone else’s watch:
What time do you make it?
I make it ten past three.
8. make the meeting/the party/Tuesday etc spoken to be able to go to something that has been arranged for a particular date or time:
I’m sorry, I can’t make Friday after all.
Will you be able to make the next meeting?
9. ACHIEVE SOMETHING [transitive] to succeed in achieving a particular position, rate etc:
He was never good enough to make the team.
I don’t think we’ll make the deadline.
10. GET MONEY [transitive] to earn or get money:
The plan could cost you more than you would make.
They made a profit of £140 million.
His one aim in life was to make money.
She hopes to make a living (=earn the money she needs to live) from writing children’s books.
He’s made a fortune (=earned a lot of money) selling computers on the Internet.
make something out of something
How easy is it to make money out of gardening?
11. HAVE A QUALITY [linking verb] to have the qualities that are necessary for a particular job, use, or purpose
make noun
I’m sure you will make a very good teacher.
The hall would make an ideal venue for a wedding reception.
An old cardboard box makes a comfortable bed for a kitten.
12. make it/that something spoken used to correct what you have just said:
Can we have two cups of coffee, please? No, make that three.
13. make do to manage with the things that you have, even though this is not really enough:
I hardly had any food in the house so I just had to make do.
make do with/without
I usually make do with a cup of coffee for breakfast.
For many people, make do and mend (=when someone manages with the things they have and does not buy anything new) was a harsh reality.
14. make yourself heard/understood/known etc to succeed in getting someone to hear you, understand you, or know that you are there:
I had to shout to make myself heard above the music.
15. BE A TOTAL [linking verb] to be a particular amount when added together:
Two and two make four.
There are nine people coming, plus me, which makes ten.
16. CALCULATE [transitive] used to say what you have calculated a number to be:
I make that $150 altogether.
17. SPORTS SCORE [transitive] to achieve a particular score in a sports game:
Surrey had made 92 by lunchtime.
18. make somebody captain/leader etc to give someone a new job or position in a group, organization etc:
She’s now been made a full partner.
He was made mayor in 1998.
19. make believe to pretend or imagine that something is true when it is not:
I tried to make believe she was happy, but knew deep down it wasn’t true. ⇨ make-believe
20. make like informal to behave as if something is true when it is not:
He makes like he never met me before.
21. make as if to do something literary to seem as if you are going to do something but then not do it:
She made as if to speak but then stopped.
22. ARRIVE [transitive] old-fashioned to arrive at or get to a particular place, especially when it is difficult:
I don’t think we’re going to make the town before nightfall.
23. make the papers/headlines/front page etc to be interesting or important enough to be printed in a newspaper, reported on television etc:
News of their divorce made the headlines.
24. make or break to cause something or someone either to be very successful or to fail completely:
Critics can make or break a young performer. ⇨ make-or-break
25. that makes two of us spoken used to say that you agree with someone or that something that is true of them is true of you too:
‘I haven’t a clue what’s going on.’ ‘That makes two of us.’
26. MAKE SOMETHING PERFECT [transitive] informal to make something complete or successful:
The hat makes the outfit.
27. make it with somebody old-fashioned informal to have sex with someone
⇨ made, ⇨ make sb’s day at day(19), ⇨ make friends at friend(3), ⇨ make good at good1(35), ⇨ make sense at sense1(5)
▪ make used about things you make yourself, or things that are made in a factory: Diane makes all her own clothes. | My camera was made in China.
▪produce to make something in large quantities to be sold, or to make something as the result of a natural process: The factory produces high-quality steel. | Japan produces some of the most advanced mobile phones. | The pancreas is a gland in your body which produces hormones.
▪create to make something new and original: Tarantino created a whole new style of films. | Many companies invest a lot of money in creating new products. | Potter was famous for creating characters such as ‘Peter Rabbit’. | This technique is used to create images of beautiful forests.
▪manufacture to make machines, cars, equipment etc in factories: The company manufactures aircraft parts.
▪mass-produce to make very large quantities of something in a factory: They developed a way to mass-produce the drug.
▪develop to design and make something new over a period of time: In 1962, Enders developed an effective vaccine against measles. | The company is developing new anti-virus software.
▪form to make something as the result of a natural process or chemical reaction: Hydrogen and oxygen combine to form water. | The research will help us understand how planets are formed.
▪generate to make something such as heat, electricity, or power: Wind can be used to generate electricity.
make away with somebody/something phrasal verb
1. informal to steal something and take it away with you:
Thieves made away with the contents of the safe.
2. old-fashioned to kill someone
make for something phrasal verb [not in passive]
1. to go in the direction of a particular place
SYN head for:
I think it’s time we made for home.
2. [not in progressive] to cause a particular result or situation:
Both teams are on good form, which should make for a great game.
⇨ made for each other at made(6)
make somebody/something into something phrasal verb
1. to change something so that it has a different form or purpose
SYN convert:
We can make your room into a study.
2. to change someone’s character, job, position in society etc:
The movie made her into a star overnight.
make something of somebody/something phrasal verb
1. to have a particular opinion about or understanding of something or someone:
I didn’t know what to make of her.
What do you make of the idea?
2. to use the opportunities that you have in order to become successful:
I want to make something of my life.
make something of yourself
She has the ambition and talent to make something of herself.
3. make the most of something to get as much advantage as you can from a situation while you are able to:
We’ve only got one day in Paris, so we’d better make the most of it.
4. make too much of something to treat something as if it is more important than it really is:
It would be a mistake to make too much of these findings. ⇨ make much of somebody/something at much2(17)
5. make a day/night/evening of it informal to spend a whole day, night etc doing something, because you have chosen to:
We decided to take a picnic and make a day of it.
⇨ make a go of something at go2(3), ⇨ make the best of something at best3(9), ⇨ see what somebody is made of at made(4)
make off phrasal verb
to leave quickly, especially in order to escape:
The men made off as the police arrived.
make off along/across/through etc
The getaway car made off towards Horrocks Avenue.
make off with something phrasal verb [not in passive] informal
to steal something and take it away with you:
Thieves broke into the school and made off with computer equipment worth £40,000.
make out phrasal verb
1. SEE/HEAR make something ↔ out to be just able to see or hear something:
He could just make out a dark shape moving towards him.
make out who/what etc
I couldn’t make out what he was saying.
2. UNDERSTAND SOMETHING make something ↔ out to understand something, especially the reason why something has happened
make out what/how/why etc
I couldn’t make out what I had done to annoy her.
As far as I can make out , he has never been married.
3. UNDERSTAND SOMEBODY make somebody ↔ out [usually in questions and negatives] to understand someone’s character and the way they behave:
Stuart’s a strange guy – I can’t make him out at all.
4. WRITE CHEQUE ETC make something ↔ out to write something such as a bill or cheque:
She was making out a list of people to invite.
The book gives advice on making out a will.
make something ↔ out to
Make the cheque out to ‘Grays Ltd’.
5. SAY/PRETEND make somebody/something ↔ out to say that something is true when it is not:
The situation was never as bad as the media made out.
make out (that)
She always tried to make out that I was wrong and she was right.
make somebody/something out to be something
He makes me out to be some sort of idiot.
6. make out a case (for something) to find good reasons that prove something or show why you need something:
We made out a case for hiring another assistant.
7. SUCCEED especially American English to succeed or progress in a particular way
SYN get on:
How did you make out this morning?
8. SEX informal especially American English to kiss and touch someone in a sexual way
9. make out like a bandit American English informal to get or win a lot of money:
The lawyers made out like bandits.
make something out of somebody/something phrasal verb
to change a person or thing into something else:
The Olympics can make sporting heroes out of previously little-known athletes.
make something/somebody ↔ over phrasal verb
1. especially British English to officially and legally give money or property to someone else
SYN transfer
make something/somebody ↔ over to
He made over the whole estate to his son.
2. to change someone or something so that they look different or have a different use:
Redgrave has made herself over completely for her movie role.
⇨ makeover
make towards something phrasal verb British English formal
to start moving towards something:
She made towards the door.
make up phrasal verb
1. FORM/BE make up something [not in progressive] to combine together to form something
SYN constitute:
Women make up only a small proportion of the prison population.
be made up of something
The committee is made up of representatives from every state.
2. PRETEND SOMETHING IS TRUE make something ↔ up to pretend that something is true in order to deceive someone:
I think they’re making the whole thing up. ⇨ made-up(1)
3. INVENT make something ↔ up to produce a new story, song, game etc by thinking:
Nick made up a song about them.
When you’re the boss you can make up your own rules.
I’ve given talks so many times that now I just make them up as I go along (=think of things to say as I am speaking).
4. PREPARE make something ↔ up to prepare something by mixing things or putting things together:
I could make up a bed for you on the sofa.
Can you make up a bottle of milk for the baby?
5. SB’S FACE make somebody ↔ up to put make-up (=special coloured substances) on someone’s face in order to make them look better or different:
They made him up as an old man for the last act of the play.
One lucky winner will have the chance to be made up and photographed.
► Do not use the verb 'make up' when you are talking about putting make-up on your own face. Say that you put on (your) make-up. ⇨ made-up(2)
6. NUMBER/AMOUNT make something ↔ up especially British English to add to an amount in order to bring it up to the level that is needed:
I saved as much as I could, and my parents made up the rest.
The company will be forced to pay $6 million to make up the difference.
7. TIME/WORK make something ↔ up to work at times when you do not usually work, because you have not done as much work as you should:
I’m trying to make up the time I lost while I was sick.
Is it OK if I make the work up next week?
8. FRIENDS (also make it up) informal to become friendly with someone again after you have had an argument
make up with
Have you made up with Patty yet?
Oh come on! Why don’t you just kiss and make up?
9. FROM CLOTH make something ↔ up to produce something from cloth by cutting and sewing:
The dress had been made up to her exact requirements.
make something ↔ up into
I plan on making that material up into a dress. ⇨ make up your mind at mind1(3)
make up for something phrasal verb
1. to make a bad situation better, or replace something that has been lost
SYN compensate:
The team will be anxious to make up for a disappointing start to the season.
I don’t eat breakfast but I make up for it at lunch.
The good days more than make up for the bad ones.
2. to have so much of one quality that it is not important that you do not have much of another one
make up for something in/with
What Jay lacked in experience, he made up for in enthusiasm.
Caroline doesn’t have a natural talent for music but she makes up for it with hard work.
3. to do something to show that you are sorry for doing something that upset or annoyed someone:
I’m sorry I was late. To make up for it, let me treat you to a meal.
4. make up for lost time
a. to work more quickly, or at times when you do not usually work, because something has prevented you from doing the work before:
We rehearsed all day Saturday, to make up for lost time.
b. to do a lot of something in an eager way because you have not had a chance to do it before:
Palin didn’t travel much as a young man but he’s certainly made up for lost time now.
make up to somebody phrasal verb
1. make (it) up to somebody to do something to show that you are sorry about the problems you have caused someone:
I’ll make it up to you somehow.
He was looking for a way to make up to her for what he had done.
2. British English informal to say nice things to someone or be very friendly to them in order to get an advantage for yourself – used in order to show disapproval
3. be made up to captain/manager etc to be given a higher position in an organization
SYN promote:
He was a security guard before he was made up to reception manager.
make2 noun1. [countable] the name of a particular product or of the company that makes it:
What make is your car?
make of
It’s one of the most popular makes of satellite phone on the market.
2. be on the make informal to be trying to get money or power – used in order to show disapproval:
He was just a salesman on the make.
■ a type of product
▪brand the name of a type of product made by a company, especially one that you use every day such as food or cleaning products: a survey to find out which brand of toothpaste people prefer | advertising for a well-known brand of cigarettes
▪make a type of product made by a particular company – used especially about things such as machines, equipment, or cars: 'What make of car do you drive?' 'A Ford.'
▪model one particular type or design of a vehicle, machine etc: The new models are much faster.
| I |
verb (past tense and past participle made /meɪd/) Language: Old English
Origin: macian
1. PRODUCE [transitive] to produce something, for example by putting the different parts of it together:Origin: macian
make somebody something
be made from something
be made (out) of something
make something from/out of something
Japanese-made/English-made etc (=produced in Japan etc) ⇨ make the bed at bed1(1)
GRAMMAR
Use made from especially when the materials used to make something have been completely changed and cannot be recognized:
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Use made of when the materials have not been completely changed and can still be recognized:
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► Do not use 'made by' when talking about the materials used to make something.
2. DO [transitive] used with some nouns to say that someone does something:
3. COOK [transitive] to cook or prepare food or drink:
make somebody something
4. CAUSE [transitive] to cause something to happen, or cause a particular state or condition:
make somebody/something do something
make something difficult/easy/possible etc
make something the best/worst/most expensive etc
REGISTER
In written English, people often use cause somebody to do something rather than make somebody do something, as it sounds more formal:
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5. FORCE [transitive] to force someone to do something
make somebody do something
be made to do something
6. MARK/HOLE ETC [transitive] to cause a mark, hole etc to appear
make a hole/dent/mark etc
7. make it
a. to succeed in getting somewhere in time for something or when this is difficult:
make it to
b. to be successful at something, for example in your job:
make it as
make it to
make it to manager/director etc
c. spoken to be able to go to an event, meeting etc that has been arranged:
d. informal to continue to live after you have been seriously ill or badly injured:
e. to manage to deal with a difficult experience
make it through
f. used to say or ask what time it is according to your own or someone else’s watch:
8. make the meeting/the party/Tuesday etc spoken to be able to go to something that has been arranged for a particular date or time:
9. ACHIEVE SOMETHING [transitive] to succeed in achieving a particular position, rate etc:
10. GET MONEY [transitive] to earn or get money:
make something out of something
11. HAVE A QUALITY [linking verb] to have the qualities that are necessary for a particular job, use, or purpose
make noun
12. make it/that something spoken used to correct what you have just said:
13. make do to manage with the things that you have, even though this is not really enough:
make do with/without
14. make yourself heard/understood/known etc to succeed in getting someone to hear you, understand you, or know that you are there:
15. BE A TOTAL [linking verb] to be a particular amount when added together:
16. CALCULATE [transitive] used to say what you have calculated a number to be:
17. SPORTS SCORE [transitive] to achieve a particular score in a sports game:
18. make somebody captain/leader etc to give someone a new job or position in a group, organization etc:
19. make believe to pretend or imagine that something is true when it is not:
20. make like informal to behave as if something is true when it is not:
21. make as if to do something literary to seem as if you are going to do something but then not do it:
22. ARRIVE [transitive] old-fashioned to arrive at or get to a particular place, especially when it is difficult:
23. make the papers/headlines/front page etc to be interesting or important enough to be printed in a newspaper, reported on television etc:
24. make or break to cause something or someone either to be very successful or to fail completely:
25. that makes two of us spoken used to say that you agree with someone or that something that is true of them is true of you too:
26. MAKE SOMETHING PERFECT [transitive] informal to make something complete or successful:
27. make it with somebody old-fashioned informal to have sex with someone
⇨ made, ⇨ make sb’s day at day(19), ⇨ make friends at friend(3), ⇨ make good at good1(35), ⇨ make sense at sense1(5)
| THESAURUS |
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make away with somebody/something phrasal verb
1. informal to steal something and take it away with you:
2. old-fashioned to kill someone
make for something phrasal verb [not in passive]
1. to go in the direction of a particular place
SYN head for:
2. [not in progressive] to cause a particular result or situation:
⇨ made for each other at made(6)
make somebody/something into something phrasal verb
1. to change something so that it has a different form or purpose
SYN convert:
2. to change someone’s character, job, position in society etc:
make something of somebody/something phrasal verb
1. to have a particular opinion about or understanding of something or someone:
2. to use the opportunities that you have in order to become successful:
make something of yourself
3. make the most of something to get as much advantage as you can from a situation while you are able to:
4. make too much of something to treat something as if it is more important than it really is:
5. make a day/night/evening of it informal to spend a whole day, night etc doing something, because you have chosen to:
⇨ make a go of something at go2(3), ⇨ make the best of something at best3(9), ⇨ see what somebody is made of at made(4)
make off phrasal verb
to leave quickly, especially in order to escape:
make off along/across/through etc
make off with something phrasal verb [not in passive] informal
to steal something and take it away with you:
make out phrasal verb
1. SEE/HEAR make something ↔ out to be just able to see or hear something:
make out who/what etc
2. UNDERSTAND SOMETHING make something ↔ out to understand something, especially the reason why something has happened
make out what/how/why etc
3. UNDERSTAND SOMEBODY make somebody ↔ out [usually in questions and negatives] to understand someone’s character and the way they behave:
4. WRITE CHEQUE ETC make something ↔ out to write something such as a bill or cheque:
make something ↔ out to
5. SAY/PRETEND make somebody/something ↔ out to say that something is true when it is not:
make out (that)
make somebody/something out to be something
6. make out a case (for something) to find good reasons that prove something or show why you need something:
7. SUCCEED especially American English to succeed or progress in a particular way
SYN get on:
8. SEX informal especially American English to kiss and touch someone in a sexual way
9. make out like a bandit American English informal to get or win a lot of money:
make something out of somebody/something phrasal verb
to change a person or thing into something else:
make something/somebody ↔ over phrasal verb
1. especially British English to officially and legally give money or property to someone else
SYN transfer
make something/somebody ↔ over to
2. to change someone or something so that they look different or have a different use:
⇨ makeover
make towards something phrasal verb British English formal
to start moving towards something:
make up phrasal verb
1. FORM/BE make up something [not in progressive] to combine together to form something
SYN constitute:
be made up of something
2. PRETEND SOMETHING IS TRUE make something ↔ up to pretend that something is true in order to deceive someone:
3. INVENT make something ↔ up to produce a new story, song, game etc by thinking:
4. PREPARE make something ↔ up to prepare something by mixing things or putting things together:
5. SB’S FACE make somebody ↔ up to put make-up (=special coloured substances) on someone’s face in order to make them look better or different:
► Do not use the verb 'make up' when you are talking about putting make-up on your own face. Say that you put on (your) make-up. ⇨ made-up(2)
6. NUMBER/AMOUNT make something ↔ up especially British English to add to an amount in order to bring it up to the level that is needed:
7. TIME/WORK make something ↔ up to work at times when you do not usually work, because you have not done as much work as you should:
8. FRIENDS (also make it up) informal to become friendly with someone again after you have had an argument
make up with
9. FROM CLOTH make something ↔ up to produce something from cloth by cutting and sewing:
make something ↔ up into
make up for something phrasal verb
1. to make a bad situation better, or replace something that has been lost
SYN compensate:
2. to have so much of one quality that it is not important that you do not have much of another one
make up for something in/with
3. to do something to show that you are sorry for doing something that upset or annoyed someone:
4. make up for lost time
a. to work more quickly, or at times when you do not usually work, because something has prevented you from doing the work before:
b. to do a lot of something in an eager way because you have not had a chance to do it before:
make up to somebody phrasal verb
1. make (it) up to somebody to do something to show that you are sorry about the problems you have caused someone:
2. British English informal to say nice things to someone or be very friendly to them in order to get an advantage for yourself – used in order to show disapproval
3. be made up to captain/manager etc to be given a higher position in an organization
SYN promote:
| II |
noun1. [countable] the name of a particular product or of the company that makes it: make of
2. be on the make informal to be trying to get money or power – used in order to show disapproval:
| THESAURUS |
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To talk about jobs in the home you can use such phrases as wash the dishes ,clean the kitchen floor ,set the table , etc. In conversation the verbdo is often used instead.做家务活可用下列短语表示：wash the dishes（洗餐具）、clean the kitchen floor（擦洗厨房地板）、set the table（摆餐具）等，在口语中常用动词 do 取代 ：◆ Let me do the dishes. 我来洗碗吧。 ◆ Michael said he would do the kitchen floor. 迈克尔说他来擦洗厨房地板。 ◆ It's your turn to do the table. 轮到你摆餐具了。 Do is often used with nouns ending in-ing .* do 常与以 -ing 结尾的名词连用 ：◆ to do the shopping/cleaning/ironing/vacuuming 买东西；打扫卫生；熨衣服；用吸尘器吸尘 The verb make is used especially in the phrasemake the beds and when you are talking about preparing or cooking food.动词 make 尤用于短语 make the beds（铺床）以及谈论烹调 ：◆ He makes a great lasagne. 他做的宽面条真好吃。 ◆ I'll make breakfast while you're having a shower. 你淋浴时我就做早餐。 You can also say get ,get ready and, especially inNAmE fix for preparing meals.做饭亦可用 get、get ready 和 fix（尤用于美式英语）等词 ：◆ Can you get dinner while I put the kids to bed? 我照料孩子们上床睡觉时你做饭行吗？ ◆ Sit down—I'll fix supper for you. 坐下吧，我给你做晚饭。
make to create or prepare sth by combining materials or putting parts together; to cause sth to exist or happen 指制造、做、组装、使产生 ：◆ She makes her own clothes. 她自己做衣服。 ◆ She made a good impression on the interviewer.她给主持面试者留下了很好的印象。 do ( to make or prepare sth, especially sth artistic or sth to eatrather
指制作、准备（尤指艺术品或食品） ：◆ He did a beautiful drawing of a house. 他画了一栋漂亮的房子。 ◆ Who's doing the food for the party? 谁准备聚会的食物？ create to make sth exist or happen, especially sth new that did not exist before 指创造、创作、创建 ：◆ Scientists disagree about how the universe was created. 科学家对宇宙是怎样形成的有分歧。
make or create? 用 make 还是 create？
develop (used especially in business contexts) to think of and produce a new product （尤用于商务语境）指开发、研制（产品） ：◆ to develop new software 开发新软件 produce to make things to be sold; to create sth using skill 指生产、制造（商品），（运用技巧）制作、造出 ：◆ a factory that produces microchips 微芯片制造厂 generate to produce or create sth, especially power, money or ideas 指创造、产生（电、财富或主意） ：◆ to generate electricity 发电 ◆ Brainstorming is a good way of generating ideas. 集思广益是出主意的好办法。 form [ 指制作、组成、制成 ：◆ Rearrange the letters to form a new word. 重新排列字母，组成另一单词。 ◆ The chain is formed from 136 links. 这根链条由 136 个链节组成。
Patterns
to make/create/develop/produce/generate/form sth from/out of sthto make/form sth into sthto make/produce wine to create/develop a new product to create/produce/generate income/profits/wealth to produce/generate electricity/heat/power
make to create or prepare sth by combining materials or putting parts together; to cause sth to exist or happen 指制造、做、组装、使产生 ：◆ She makes her own clothes. 她自己做衣服。 ◆ She made a good impression on the interviewer.她给主持面试者留下了很好的印象。 do ( to make or prepare sth, especially sth artistic or sth to eatrather
指制作、准备（尤指艺术品或食品） ：◆ He did a beautiful drawing of a house. 他画了一栋漂亮的房子。 ◆ Who's doing the food for the party? 谁准备聚会的食物？ create to make sth exist or happen, especially sth new that did not exist before 指创造、创作、创建 ：◆ Scientists disagree about how the universe was created. 科学家对宇宙是怎样形成的有分歧。
make or create? 用 make 还是 create？
develop (used especially in business contexts) to think of and produce a new product （尤用于商务语境）指开发、研制（产品） ：◆ to develop new software 开发新软件 produce to make things to be sold; to create sth using skill 指生产、制造（商品），（运用技巧）制作、造出 ：◆ a factory that produces microchips 微芯片制造厂 generate to produce or create sth, especially power, money or ideas 指创造、产生（电、财富或主意） ：◆ to generate electricity 发电 ◆ Brainstorming is a good way of generating ideas. 集思广益是出主意的好办法。 form [ 指制作、组成、制成 ：◆ Rearrange the letters to form a new word. 重新排列字母，组成另一单词。 ◆ The chain is formed from 136 links. 这根链条由 136 个链节组成。
Patterns
to make/create/develop/produce/generate/form sth from/out of sthto make/form sth into sthto make/produce wine to create/develop a new product to create/produce/generate income/profits/wealth to produce/generate electricity/heat/power
identify to be able to say who or what sb/sth is 指确认、认出、鉴定 ：◆ She was able to identify her attacker. 她认出了袭击她的人。 know to be able to say who or what sth is when you see or hear it because you have seen or heard it before 指能认出、能辨认出 NOTE Know is used especially to talk about sounds that seem familiar and when sb recognizes the quality or opportunity that sb/sth represents.* know 尤指认出熟悉的声音、辨别出人或事物所表现出的特质以及发现机会 ：◆ I couldn't see who was speaking, but I knew the voice. 我看不到谁在讲话，但我能辨别出声音。 ◆ She knows a bargain when she sees one. 她一看就知道有没有便宜可捡。 recognize to know who sb is or what sth is when you see or hear them/it, because you have seen or heard them/it before 指认识、认出、辨别出 ：◆ I recognized him as soon as he came in the room. 他一进屋我就认出了他。 name to say the name of sb/sth in order to show that you know who/what they are 指能说出…的名称、叫出…的名字 ：◆ The victim has not yet been named. 受害人的姓名仍未得知。 make sb/sth out to manage to see or hear sb/sth that is not very clear 指看清、听清、分清、辨认清楚 ：◆ I could just make out a figure in the darkness. 黑暗中我只看出了一个人的轮廓。
Patterns
to identify/know/recognize sb/sth by sthto identify/recognize/name sb/sth as sb/sthto identify/know/recognize/make out who/what/how… to easily/barely/just identify/recognize/make out sb/sth
consist of sb/sth to be formed from the people, things or activities mentioned 指由人、事物或活动组成、构成 ：◆ Their diet consists largely of vegetables. 他们的日常饮食以蔬菜为主。 comprise ( to be formed from the things or people mentionedrather
指由…组成、构成 ：◆ The collection comprises 327 paintings. 这组收藏有 327 幅画。 NOTE Comprise can also be used to refer to the parts or members of sth.* comprise 亦可指组成、构成 ：◆ Older people comprise a large proportion of those living in poverty. 在那些生活贫困的人中，老年人占很大的比例。 However, this is less frequent. 不过这种用法不常见。 make up sth ( to be the parts or people that form sthrather
指组成、构成 ：◆ Women make up 56% of the student numbers. 女生占学生人数的 56%。 constitute ( to be the parts or people that form sth指组成、构成 ：◆ People under the age of 40 constitute the majority of the labour force. * 40 岁以下的人占劳动力的大多数。 be composed of sb/sth ( to be formed from the things or people mentionedrather
指由…组成、构成 ：◆ Around 15% of our diet is composed of protein. 我们的饮食中大约 15% 是蛋白质。
which word? 词语辨析
Describing fractions and proportions 描述分数和份额
◆ According to this pie chart, a third of students' leisure time is spent watching TV.如饼分图所示，学生的闲暇时间有三分之一都花在看电视上。 ◆ One in five hours is/are spent socializing.每五个小时中有一个小时花在社交活动上。 ◆ Socializing accounts for /makes up /comprises about 20% of leisure time.社交活动占去大约百分之二十的闲暇时间。 ◆ Students spend twice as much time playing computer games as doing sport.学生们玩电脑游戏的时间是做运动时间的两倍。 ◆ Three times as many hours are spent playing computer games as reading.玩电脑游戏的时间是阅读时间的三倍。 ◆ The figure for playing computer games is three times higher than the figure for reading.玩电脑游戏的时间比阅读时间多两倍。 ◆ The largest proportion of time is spent playing computer games.大部分时间都花在玩电脑游戏上。
especially
also
To talk about jobs in the home you can use such phrases as wash the dishes ,clean the kitchen floor ,set the table , etc. In conversation the verbdo is often used instead.做家务活可用下列短语表示：wash the dishes（洗餐具）、clean the kitchen floor（擦洗厨房地板）、set the table（摆餐具）等，在口语中常用动词 do 取代 ：◆ Let me do the dishes. 我来洗碗吧。 ◆ Michael said he would do the kitchen floor. 迈克尔说他来擦洗厨房地板。 ◆ It's your turn to do the table. 轮到你摆餐具了。 Do is often used with nouns ending in-ing .* do 常与以 -ing 结尾的名词连用 ：◆ to do the shopping/cleaning/ironing/vacuuming 买东西；打扫卫生；熨衣服；用吸尘器吸尘 The verb make is used especially in the phrasemake the beds and when you are talking about preparing or cooking food.动词 make 尤用于短语 make the beds（铺床）以及谈论烹调 ：◆ He makes a great lasagne. 他做的宽面条真好吃。 ◆ I'll make breakfast while you're having a shower. 你淋浴时我就做早餐。 You can also say get ,get ready and, especially inNAmE fix for preparing meals.做饭亦可用 get、get ready 和 fix（尤用于美式英语）等词 ：◆ Can you get dinner while I put the kids to bed? 我照料孩子们上床睡觉时你做饭行吗？ ◆ Sit down—I'll fix supper for you. 坐下吧，我给你做晚饭。
make to create or prepare sth by combining materials or putting parts together; to cause sth to exist or happen 指制造、做、组装、使产生 ：◆ She makes her own clothes. 她自己做衣服。 ◆ She made a good impression on the interviewer.她给主持面试者留下了很好的印象。 do ( to make or prepare sth, especially sth artistic or sth to eatrather
指制作、准备（尤指艺术品或食品） ：◆ He did a beautiful drawing of a house. 他画了一栋漂亮的房子。 ◆ Who's doing the food for the party? 谁准备聚会的食物？ create to make sth exist or happen, especially sth new that did not exist before 指创造、创作、创建 ：◆ Scientists disagree about how the universe was created. 科学家对宇宙是怎样形成的有分歧。
make or create? 用 make 还是 create？
develop (used especially in business contexts) to think of and produce a new product （尤用于商务语境）指开发、研制（产品） ：◆ to develop new software 开发新软件 produce to make things to be sold; to create sth using skill 指生产、制造（商品），（运用技巧）制作、造出 ：◆ a factory that produces microchips 微芯片制造厂 generate to produce or create sth, especially power, money or ideas 指创造、产生（电、财富或主意） ：◆ to generate electricity 发电 ◆ Brainstorming is a good way of generating ideas. 集思广益是出主意的好办法。 form [ 指制作、组成、制成 ：◆ Rearrange the letters to form a new word. 重新排列字母，组成另一单词。 ◆ The chain is formed from 136 links. 这根链条由 136 个链节组成。
Patterns
to make/create/develop/produce/generate/form sth from/out of sthto make/form sth into sthto make/produce wine to create/develop a new product to create/produce/generate income/profits/wealth to produce/generate electricity/heat/power
make to create or prepare sth by combining materials or putting parts together; to cause sth to exist or happen 指制造、做、组装、使产生 ：◆ She makes her own clothes. 她自己做衣服。 ◆ She made a good impression on the interviewer.她给主持面试者留下了很好的印象。 do ( to make or prepare sth, especially sth artistic or sth to eatrather
指制作、准备（尤指艺术品或食品） ：◆ He did a beautiful drawing of a house. 他画了一栋漂亮的房子。 ◆ Who's doing the food for the party? 谁准备聚会的食物？ create to make sth exist or happen, especially sth new that did not exist before 指创造、创作、创建 ：◆ Scientists disagree about how the universe was created. 科学家对宇宙是怎样形成的有分歧。
make or create? 用 make 还是 create？
develop (used especially in business contexts) to think of and produce a new product （尤用于商务语境）指开发、研制（产品） ：◆ to develop new software 开发新软件 produce to make things to be sold; to create sth using skill 指生产、制造（商品），（运用技巧）制作、造出 ：◆ a factory that produces microchips 微芯片制造厂 generate to produce or create sth, especially power, money or ideas 指创造、产生（电、财富或主意） ：◆ to generate electricity 发电 ◆ Brainstorming is a good way of generating ideas. 集思广益是出主意的好办法。 form [ 指制作、组成、制成 ：◆ Rearrange the letters to form a new word. 重新排列字母，组成另一单词。 ◆ The chain is formed from 136 links. 这根链条由 136 个链节组成。
Patterns
to make/create/develop/produce/generate/form sth from/out of sthto make/form sth into sthto make/produce wine to create/develop a new product to create/produce/generate income/profits/wealth to produce/generate electricity/heat/power
identify to be able to say who or what sb/sth is 指确认、认出、鉴定 ：◆ She was able to identify her attacker. 她认出了袭击她的人。 know to be able to say who or what sth is when you see or hear it because you have seen or heard it before 指能认出、能辨认出 NOTE Know is used especially to talk about sounds that seem familiar and when sb recognizes the quality or opportunity that sb/sth represents.* know 尤指认出熟悉的声音、辨别出人或事物所表现出的特质以及发现机会 ：◆ I couldn't see who was speaking, but I knew the voice. 我看不到谁在讲话，但我能辨别出声音。 ◆ She knows a bargain when she sees one. 她一看就知道有没有便宜可捡。 recognize to know who sb is or what sth is when you see or hear them/it, because you have seen or heard them/it before 指认识、认出、辨别出 ：◆ I recognized him as soon as he came in the room. 他一进屋我就认出了他。 name to say the name of sb/sth in order to show that you know who/what they are 指能说出…的名称、叫出…的名字 ：◆ The victim has not yet been named. 受害人的姓名仍未得知。 make sb/sth out to manage to see or hear sb/sth that is not very clear 指看清、听清、分清、辨认清楚 ：◆ I could just make out a figure in the darkness. 黑暗中我只看出了一个人的轮廓。
Patterns
to identify/know/recognize sb/sth by sthto identify/recognize/name sb/sth as sb/sthto identify/know/recognize/make out who/what/how… to easily/barely/just identify/recognize/make out sb/sth
consist of sb/sth to be formed from the people, things or activities mentioned 指由人、事物或活动组成、构成 ：◆ Their diet consists largely of vegetables. 他们的日常饮食以蔬菜为主。 comprise ( to be formed from the things or people mentionedrather
指由…组成、构成 ：◆ The collection comprises 327 paintings. 这组收藏有 327 幅画。 NOTE Comprise can also be used to refer to the parts or members of sth.* comprise 亦可指组成、构成 ：◆ Older people comprise a large proportion of those living in poverty. 在那些生活贫困的人中，老年人占很大的比例。 However, this is less frequent. 不过这种用法不常见。 make up sth ( to be the parts or people that form sthrather
指组成、构成 ：◆ Women make up 56% of the student numbers. 女生占学生人数的 56%。 constitute ( to be the parts or people that form sth指组成、构成 ：◆ People under the age of 40 constitute the majority of the labour force. * 40 岁以下的人占劳动力的大多数。 be composed of sb/sth ( to be formed from the things or people mentionedrather
指由…组成、构成 ：◆ Around 15% of our diet is composed of protein. 我们的饮食中大约 15% 是蛋白质。
which word? 词语辨析
Describing fractions and proportions 描述分数和份额
◆ According to this pie chart, a third of students' leisure time is spent watching TV.如饼分图所示，学生的闲暇时间有三分之一都花在看电视上。 ◆ One in five hours is/are spent socializing.每五个小时中有一个小时花在社交活动上。 ◆ Socializing accounts for /makes up /comprises about 20% of leisure time.社交活动占去大约百分之二十的闲暇时间。 ◆ Students spend twice as much time playing computer games as doing sport.学生们玩电脑游戏的时间是做运动时间的两倍。 ◆ Three times as many hours are spent playing computer games as reading.玩电脑游戏的时间是阅读时间的三倍。 ◆ The figure for playing computer games is three times higher than the figure for reading.玩电脑游戏的时间比阅读时间多两倍。 ◆ The largest proportion of time is spent playing computer games.大部分时间都花在玩电脑游戏上。
especially
also