norm
Longman Dictionary of Contemporary English 5++LDOCE 5++norm /nɔːm $ nɔːrm/ ●○○ AWL noun [countable] 1 USUALLYthe usual or normal situation, way of doing something etc 常态；标准；准则；规范be/become the norm Short term contracts are now the norm with some big companies. 签订短期合同是目前一些大公司的惯常做法。 Joyce’s style of writing was a striking departure from the literary norm. 乔伊斯的写作风格与传统的文学风格大相径庭。2 norms [plural] generally accepted standards of social behaviour 社会准则 terrorists who violate the norms of civilized society 违反文明社会准则的恐怖分子social/cultural etc norms 社会/文化等准则3 the norm the normal or average standard 正常[平均]水平above/below the norm 28% of children tested below the norm. 有28%的儿童化验结果低于正常水平。
Examples from the Corpus
norm• Traditional sexual norms have been called into question.• Yet, again there is the contrast between personal inclinations and social norms.• This is not uncommon in the South East and well within the building society norm of two and a half times income.• And the gospel for so long speaks the correct opposition to what has become the standard and the norm.• Peer evaluation within the teams has become the norm.• It is the norm that volunteering in sport does not stop out of season.• I am told this is the norm.• It is those norms, in turn, that create a trusting environment within which commerce and trade can take place.• They provide social contexts for shaping the day-to-day behaviour or adolescents, and encourage conformity to norms and values.be/become the norm• Three-and four-flight days again became the norm for him, more hours above the earth than on it.• Driver-only buses have become the norm, and may have increased privatised profitability, but they've decreased traffic flow.• Contradictory signals from the government have become the norm.• In a decade it may be the norm.• Certainly, organised, structured delinquent gangs do not appear to be the norm in Britain today.• These are more innocent diversions than used to be the norm.• Eventually the price of such devices will fall and PostScript recorders will become the norm - just as they have with typesetting.From Longman Business Dictionarynormnorm /nɔːmnɔːrm/ noun [singular] the usual and expected situation, way of doing something etcPrivate businesses award an average of 0.35% commission compared with the industry’s norm of 0.5%.Budget surpluses are now the norm.Origin norm (1800-1900) Latin norma “tool for checking straight lines and angles”norm nounChinese
Corpus way doing the of situation, usual Business or normal
norm
norm AC /nɔːm $ nɔːrm/
noun [countable]
be/become the norm
Short term contracts are now the norm with some big companies.
Joyce’s style of writing was a striking departure from the literary norm.
2. norms [plural] generally accepted standards of social behaviour:
terrorists who violate the norms of civilized society
social/cultural etc norms
3. the norm the normal or average standard
above/below the norm
28% of children tested below the norm.
norm AC /nɔːm $ nɔːrm/
noun [countable] Date: 1800-1900
Language: Latin
Origin: norma 'tool for checking straight lines and angles'
1. the usual or normal situation, way of doing something etcLanguage: Latin
Origin: norma 'tool for checking straight lines and angles'
be/become the norm
2. norms [plural] generally accepted standards of social behaviour:
social/cultural etc norms
3. the norm the normal or average standard
above/below the norm
often
Prejudice and racism 偏见与种族歧视
experience/encounter racism/discrimination/prejudice/anti-semitism经历／遭遇种族歧视／歧视／偏见／反犹太主义 face/suffer persecution/discrimination面临／遭受迫害／歧视 fear/escape from/flee racial/political/religious persecution惧怕／逃离种族／政治／宗教迫害 constitute/be a form of racial/race discrimination构成／是一种种族歧视 reflect/reveal/show/have a racial/cultural bias反映出／揭示出／表现出／具有种族／文化偏见 be biased/be prejudiced against ( black people/especially
BrE ( people of color/African Americans/Asians/Africans/Indians, etc.both especially
NAmE 对黑人／有色人种／非裔美国人／亚洲人／非洲人／印度人等有偏见 discriminate against minority groups/minorities歧视少数群体／少数民族 perpetuate/conform to/fit/defy a common/popular/traditional/negative stereotype固守／遵从／符合／藐视普遍的／流行的／传统的／负面的模式化观念 overcome/be blinded by deep-seated/racial/( race prejudiceespecially
NAmE 克服根深蒂固的／种族的偏见；被根深蒂固的／种族的偏见所蒙蔽 entrench/perpetuate racist attitudes固守种族主义的态度 hurl/shout ( racist abuse;especially
BrE ( a racist/racial/ethnic slurespecially
NAmE 高声地进行种族污辱 challenge/confront racism/discrimination/prejudice拒绝接受／对抗种族主义／歧视／偏见 combat/fight (against)/tackle blatant/overt/covert/subtle/institutional/systemic racism打压／反对／处理公然的／公开的／隐蔽的／微妙的／制度性的种族歧视
Race and society 种族和社会
damage/improve ( race relationsespecially
BrE 破坏／改善种族关系 practise/ ( especially
practice (racial/religious) tolerance/segregation实行（种族／宗教）容忍／隔离政策 bridge/break down/transcend cultural/racial barriers消除／打破／超越文化／种族隔阂 encourage/promote social integration鼓励／促进社会融合 outlaw/end discrimination/slavery/segregation取缔／终止歧视／奴隶制／种族隔离 promote/embrace/celebrate cultural diversity促进／欣然接纳／颂扬文化多样性 conform to/challenge/violate (accepted/established/prevailing/dominant) social/cultural norms遵循／挑战／违背（公认的／确立的／盛行的／占支配地位的）社会／文化规范 live in a multicultural society生活在多元文化社会 attack/criticize multiculturalism攻击／批评多元文化主义 fight for/struggle for/promote racial equality为种族平等而斗争；促进种族平等 perpetuate/reinforce economic and social inequality延续／加剧经济和社会的不平等 introduce/be for/be against ( positive discrimination/BrE ( affirmative actionespecially
NAmE 推行／支持／反对积极性区别对待政策 support/be active in/play a leading role in the civil rights movement支持／积极参与／领导民权运动
Immigration 移居
control/restrict/limit/encourage immigration控制／限制／鼓励外来移民 attract/draw a wave of immigrants吸引一批外来移民 assist/welcome refugees援助／欣然接受难民 house/shelter refugees and asylum seekers安置／庇护难民和寻求政治避难者 smuggle illegal immigrants into the UK偷运非法移民到英国 deport/repatriate illegal immigrants/failed asylum seekers驱逐／遣返非法移民／寻求政治避难失败者 assimilate/integrate new immigrants同化／融合新移民 employ/hire migrant workers雇用流动工人 exploit/rely on (cheap/illegal) immigrant labour/( laborespecially
剥削／依赖（廉价的／非法的）移民劳动力 apply for/gain/obtain/be granted/be denied (full) citizenship申请／获得／准予／未准予（完全的）公民身份 have/hold dual citizenship持有双重国籍