nurse
Word family
Longman Dictionary of Contemporary English 5++LDOCE 5++nurse1 /nɜːs $ nɜːrs/ ●●● S2 W3 noun [countable] 
1 MNsomeone whose job is to look after people who are ill or injured, usually in a hospital 〔通常指医院里的〕护士 The nurse is coming to give you an injection. 护士会来给你打针。 The school nurse sent Sara home. 学校的护士送萨拉回家。 a male nurse 男护士 a senior nurse 高级护士 a student nurse (=someone who is learning to be a nurse) 实习护士 a psychiatric nurse (=a nurse for people who are mentally ill) 精神病院护士 a community nurse 社区护士 → district nurse, staff nurse2. old-fashionedBOLOOK AFTER somebody a woman employed to look after a young child 保姆 SYN nanny → nursery nurse, wet nurseExamples from the Corpus
nurse• Their male nurses, strong men, would carry them up the stairs and settle each one on to a cot.• The average age of nurses is now over 45.• Economics of nurse training Investigator: K Hartley Nurses are the most expensive single resource in the hospital sector.• A practical nurse brought old red wine, a silver tray of smoked salmon, crumbled hard-boiled egg, capers and lemon.• Josephine is a registered nurse.• Registered nurses are doing what only Nurse Practitioners used to do.• Only a Sister in her sixties, and two staff nurses were on duty in reception.• I asked the nurse what the problem was.• She asks the nurse if her husband has left.• Matron and some of the nurses were standing by.nurse2 ●○○ verb 1 sick people 病人 a) [transitive]LOOK AFTER somebody to look after someone who is ill or injured 护理；照顾，照料 He’s been nursing an elderly relative. 他一直在照顾一位年老的亲戚。 After Ray’s operation, Mrs Stallard nursed him back to health. 雷接受手术后，斯托拉德夫人照料他恢复了健康。 b) [intransitive usually in progressive]MN to work as a nurse 当护士 She spent several years nursing in a military hospital. 她在一家军队医院里当了几年护士。2 rest 休息 [transitive]LOOK AFTER somebody to rest when you have an illness or injury so that it will get better 疗养〔伤病〕 Shaw has been nursing an injury, and will not play on Sunday. 肖一直在养伤，星期天将不参加比赛。n Grammar Nurse is never passive in this meaning.3 feed a baby 喂婴儿 a) [intransitive, transitive]MBHBH old-fashioned if a woman nurses a baby, she feeds it with milk from her breasts 哺乳，给〔婴儿〕喂奶 SYN breast-feed information on nutrition for nursing mothers 关于哺乳期母亲所需营养的信息 b) [intransitive] if a baby nurses, it sucks milk from its mother’s breast 〔婴儿〕吃(母亲的)奶4 your feelings 情感 [transitive]FEEL HAPPY/FRIGHTENED/BORED ETC to keep a feeling or idea in your mind for a long time, especially an angry feeling 怀有〔愤恨等〕nurse a grudge/grievance/ambition etc For years he had nursed a grievance against his former employer. 多年来他一直对前雇主心怀不满。nGrammar Nurse is never passive in this meaning.5 take care of STH 照料某事物 [transitive]LOOK AFTER somethingSUPPORT A PERSON, GROUP, OR PLAN to take special care of something, especially during a difficult situation 〔尤指在困难时期〕精心照料，打理nurse something through/along etc He bought the hotel in 1927 and managed to nurse it through the Depression. 他于1927年买下那家宾馆并精心打理，顺利度过了大萧条时期。6 drink 喝 [transitive] informal if you nurse a drink, especially an alcoholic one, you drink it very slowly 慢慢地喝〔尤指含酒精的饮料〕 Oliver sat at the bar, nursing a bottle of beer. 奥利弗坐在酒吧里，慢慢地喝着一瓶啤酒。7 hold 抱 [transitive] literaryHOLD to hold something carefully in your hands or arms close to your body 小心地捧[抱]着；爱惜地搂抱→ See Verb tableExamples from the Corpus
nurse• She never nurses a grievance or plans revenge.• Police believe the suspect nursed a grudge against women.• Penelope sat on the couch nursing a scotch and soda.• Shaw has been nursing a sore ankle.• Parents will become superfluous, the robots will nurse and play with children.• So Demeter nursed Demophoon, the son that Metaneira had borne to wise Celeus.• The monks tended his wounds and nursed him back to health.• Irina had wanted to nurse him, but the doctors had sent her away.• Tony nursed his wife through her long illness without ever complaining.• Martha nursed Ted herself.• The youngest bees clean out the cells and nurse the brood.• The others need to nurse the insult.• Somewhere the sturdy beggars nursed their wounds and cursed.nurse a grudge/grievance/ambition etc• Since 1960, when they had been humiliated by the Summerdale police scandal, Chicago police had nursed a grudge.• Dawson had been nursing a grudge even more intense than that of the others.Origin nurse1 (1200-1300) Old French nurice, from Latin nutricius; → NUTRITIOUS nurse2 (1500-1600) nursh “to nourish” ((14-16 centuries)), from nourish; influenced by → NURSE1nurse1 nounnurse2 verb →n GRAMMAR1 →n GRAMMAR2LDOCE OnlineChinese
after people to whose job look Corpus someone is
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nurse
nurse1 S2 W3 /nɜːs $ nɜːrs/ 
noun [countable]
1. someone whose job is to look after people who are ill or injured, usually in a hospital:
The nurse is coming to give you an injection.
The school nurse sent Sara home.
a male nurse
a senior nurse
a student nurse (=someone who is learning to be a nurse)
a psychiatric nurse (=a nurse for people who are mentally ill)
a community nurse ⇨ district nurse, staff nurse
2. old-fashioned a woman employed to look after a young child
SYN nanny
⇨ nursery nurse, wet nurse
nurse2 verb1. SICK PEOPLE
a. [transitive] to look after someone who is ill or injured:
He’s been nursing an elderly relative.
After Ray’s operation, Mrs Stallard nursed him back to health.
b. [intransitive usually in progressive] to work as a nurse:
She spent several years nursing in a military hospital.
2. REST [transitive not in passive] to rest when you have an illness or injury so that it will get better:
Shaw has been nursing an injury, and will not play on Sunday.
3. FEED A BABY
a. [intransitive and transitive] old-fashioned if a woman nurses a baby, she feeds it with milk from her breasts
SYN breast-feed:
information on nutrition for nursing mothers
b. [intransitive] if a baby nurses, it sucks milk from its mother’s breast
4. YOUR FEELINGS [transitive not in passive] to keep a feeling or idea in your mind for a long time, especially an angry feeling
nurse a grudge/grievance/ambition etc
For years he had nursed a grievance against his former employer.
5. TAKE CARE OF SOMETHING [transitive] to take special care of something, especially during a difficult situation
nurse something through/along etc
He bought the hotel in 1927 and managed to nurse it through the Depression.
6. DRINK [transitive] informal if you nurse a drink, especially an alcoholic one, you drink it very slowly:
Oliver sat at the bar, nursing a bottle of beer.
7. HOLD [transitive] literary to hold something carefully in your hands or arms close to your body:
a child nursing a kitten
▪ take care of somebody (also look after somebody especially British English) to make sure a child or an old or sick person is safe and has the things they need: I have to look after my little brother. | Taking care of a baby is hard work. | She is taking care of her grandmother while her grandfather is in hospital.
▪care for somebody to take care of someone. Care for somebody is less common and more formal than take care of/look after somebody: He was cared for by a team of nurses. | Caring for an elderly relative can be very rewarding.
▪nurse to look after someone who is ill: He nursed his wife through a long illness. | The monks nursed him back to health (=looked after him until he was well again).
▪babysit to look after children in the evening while their parents go out somewhere: I’ll ask Jane to babysit on Wednesday night. | He used to babysit for Mary when she worked nights.
▪mind British English to look after a child while their parents are not there, especially for a short time: Will you mind the baby while I go to the shop?
| I |
noun [countable]1. someone whose job is to look after people who are ill or injured, usually in a hospital:
2. old-fashioned a woman employed to look after a young child
SYN nanny
⇨ nursery nurse, wet nurse
| II |
verb1. SICK PEOPLE a. [transitive] to look after someone who is ill or injured:
b. [intransitive usually in progressive] to work as a nurse:
2. REST [transitive not in passive] to rest when you have an illness or injury so that it will get better:
3. FEED A BABY
a. [intransitive and transitive] old-fashioned if a woman nurses a baby, she feeds it with milk from her breasts
SYN breast-feed:
b. [intransitive] if a baby nurses, it sucks milk from its mother’s breast
4. YOUR FEELINGS [transitive not in passive] to keep a feeling or idea in your mind for a long time, especially an angry feeling
nurse a grudge/grievance/ambition etc
5. TAKE CARE OF SOMETHING [transitive] to take special care of something, especially during a difficult situation
nurse something through/along etc
6. DRINK [transitive] informal if you nurse a drink, especially an alcoholic one, you drink it very slowly:
7. HOLD [transitive] literary to hold something carefully in your hands or arms close to your body:
| THESAURUS |
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Ways of talking about men and women 表示男女的说法
When you are writing or speaking English it is important to use language that includes both men and women equally. Some people may be very offended if you do not. 说写英语时，重要的是用词要把男女都包括在内，否则可能会冒犯某些人。
The human race 人类
Man andmankind have traditionally been used to mean 'all men and women'. Many people now prefer to usehumanity ,the human race ,human beings orpeople .* man 和 mankind 传统上用以指所有男性和女性，不过，现在许多人喜欢用 humanity、the human race、human beings 或 people。
Jobs 职业
The suffix -ess in names of occupations such asactress ,hostess andwaitress shows that the person doing the job is a woman. Many people now avoid these. Instead you can useactor orhost (althoughactress andhostess are still very common), or a neutral word, such asserver forwaiter andwaitress .后缀 -ess 在职业的名称如 actress、hostess 和 waitress 中表明从事此职业的是女性。目前，许多人避免用这些词。取而代之的是 actor 或 host（尽管 actress 和 hostess 仍然很常见）或用中性词如 server 取代 waiter 和 waitress。 Neutral words like assistant ,worker ,person orofficer are now often used instead of-man or-woman in the names of jobs. For example, you can usepolice officer instead ofpoliceman orpolicewoman , andspokesperson instead ofspokesman orspokeswoman . Neutral words are very common in newspapers, on television and radio and in official writing, in bothBrE NAmE 现在职业名称常用中性词如 assistant、worker、person 或 officer 取代 -man 或 -woman。例如可用 police officer 代替 policeman 或 policewoman，用 spokesperson 代替 spokesman 或 spokeswoman。在报刊、电视、广播和公文中，英式英语和美式英语都常用中性词。 When talking about jobs that are traditionally done by the other sex, some people say: a male secretary /nurse /model (NOTman ) ora woman /female doctor /barrister /driver . However this is now not usually used unless you need to emphasize which sex the person is, or it is still unusual for the job to be done by a man/woman.谈及传统上由另一性别干的工作时，有人用 male secretary/nurse/model（不用 man）或 woman/female doctor/barrister/driver 表示。不过现在这种用法不常见，除非要强调此人的性别，或由某性别干此工作仍然少见 ：◆ My daughter prefers to see a woman doctor. 我的女儿喜欢让女医生看病。 ◆ They have a male nanny for their kids. 他们有个男保姆照料孩子。 ◆ a female racing driver 女赛车手
Pronouns 代词
He used to be considered to cover both men and women.* he 过去被认为既指男性也指女性 ：◆ Everyone needs to feel he is loved. 人人都需要有被爱的感觉。 This is not now acceptable. Instead, after everybody ,everyone ,anybody ,anyone ,somebody ,someone , etc. one of the plural pronounsthey ,them , andtheir is often used.现在此用法不获认同。取而代之的是在 everybody、everyone、anybody、anyone、somebody、someone 等之后常用复数代词 they、them 和 their ：◆ Does everybody know what they want? 人人都知道自己需要什么吗？ ◆ Somebody's left their coat here. 有人把外衣落在这儿了。 ◆ I hope nobody's forgotten to bring their passport with them. 希望没人忘了随身带上护照。 Some people prefer to use he or she ,his or her , orhim or her in speech and writing.有人在口语和书面语中喜欢用 he or she、his or her 或 him or her ：◆ Everyone knows what's best for him- or herself. 人人都知道对自己来说什么是最好的。 He/she or(s)he can also be used in writing.* he/she 或 (s)he 亦可用于书面语中 ：◆ If in doubt, ask your doctor. He/she can give you more information. 如有疑问请向你的医生咨询，他／她会给你更多的信息。 (You may find that some writers just use 'she'.) 有些人只用 she。 ：These uses can seem awkward when they are used a lot. It is better to try to change the sentence, using a plural noun. 这种说法用得太多可能显得别扭。最好尽量改动句子，用复数名词。 ：Instead of saying 避免说 ：◆ A baby cries when he or she is tired you can say 可以说 ：◆ Babies cry when they are tired. 婴儿疲倦时会哭。
Becoming ill 生病
catch a cold/an infectious disease/the flu/( flu/pneumonia/a virus/BrE ( a bug染上感冒／传染病／流感／肺炎／病毒／小毛病 get ( ill/BrE ( sick/a disease/AIDS/breast cancer/a cold/the flu/NAmE ( flu/a migraineBrE 患病／艾滋病／乳腺癌／感冒／流感／偏头痛 come down with a cold/the flu/( fluBrE 得了感冒／流感 contract a deadly disease/a serious illness/HIV/AIDS感染致命疾病／严重疾病／艾滋病病毒／艾滋病 be infected with a virus/a parasite/HIV受病毒／寄生虫／艾滋病病毒感染 develop cancer/diabetes/a rash/an ulcer/symptoms of hepatitis患上癌症／糖尿病／皮疹／溃疡；出现肝炎症状 have a heart attack/a stroke心脏病／中风发作 provoke/trigger/produce an allergic reaction引起／产生过敏反应 block/burst/rupture a blood vessel使血管阻塞／破裂 damage/sever a nerve/an artery/a tendon损伤／切断神经／动脉／肌腱
Being ill 病了
feel ( ill/sick/nauseous/queasyBrE 感到不适／想吐／恶心 be running ( a temperature/BrE ( a feverNAmE 发烧 have a head cold/diabetes/heart disease/lung cancer/a headache/( a high temperature/BrE ( a feverNAmE 患伤风感冒／糖尿病／心脏病／肺癌；头痛；发烧 suffer from asthma/malnutrition/frequent headaches/bouts of depression/a mental disorder患哮喘／营养不良症／经常性头痛／多发性抑郁症／精神错乱 be laid up with/ ( BrE be in bed with a cold/the flu/( flu/a migraineBrE 因感冒／流感／偏头痛而卧床休息 nurse a cold/a headache/a hangover调治感冒／头痛／宿醉 battle/fight cancer/depression/addiction/alcoholism与癌症／抑郁症作斗争；戒瘾；戒酒
Treatments 治疗
examine a patient给病人做检查 diagnose a condition/disease/disorder诊断疾病 be diagnosed with cancer/diabetes/schizophrenia诊断为癌症／糖尿病／精神分裂症 prescribe/be given/be on/take drugs/medicine/medication/pills/painkillers/antibiotics开／得到／服用药／药片／止痛药／抗生素 treat sb for cancer/depression/shock治疗某人的癌症／抑郁症／休克 have/undergo an examination/an operation/surgery/a kidney transplant/therapy/chemotherapy/treatment for cancer接受检查／手术／外科手术／肾移植手术／治疗／化疗／癌症治疗 have/be given an injection/( a flu jab/BrE ( a flu shot/a blood transfusion/a scan/an X-rayNAmE 打针；接种流感疫苗；接受输血；做扫描检查；照 X 光 cure a disease/an ailment/cancer/a headache/a patient治疗疾病／病痛／癌症／头痛／病人 prevent the spread of disease/further outbreaks/damage to the lungs防止疾病扩散／疾病进一步爆发／对肺部造成伤害 be vaccinated against the flu/( flu/the measles/BrE ( measles/polio/smallpoxBrE 接种流感／麻疹／小儿麻痹症／天花疫苗 enhance/boost/confer/build immunity to a disease增加对疾病的免疫力