Becoming ill 生病

• catch a cold/an infectious disease/the flu/(BrE) flu/pneumonia/a virus/(informal) a bug 染上感冒／传染病／流感／肺炎／病毒／小毛病
• get (BrE) ill/(NAmE) sick/a disease/AIDS/breast cancer/a cold/the flu/(BrE) flu/a migraine 患病／艾滋病／乳腺癌／感冒／流感／偏头痛
• come down with a cold/the flu/(BrE) flu 得了感冒／流感
• contract a deadly disease/a serious illness/HIV/AIDS 感染致命疾病／严重疾病／艾滋病病毒／艾滋病
• be infected with a virus/a parasite/HIV 受病毒／寄生虫／艾滋病病毒感染
• develop cancer/diabetes/a rash/an ulcer/symptoms of hepatitis 患上癌症／糖尿病／皮疹／溃疡；出现肝炎症状
• have a heart attack/a stroke 心脏病／中风发作
• provoke/trigger/produce an allergic reaction 引起／产生过敏反应
• block/burst/rupture a blood vessel 使血管阻塞／破裂
• damage/sever a nerve/an artery/a tendon 损伤／切断神经／动脉／肌腱

Being ill 病了

• feel (BrE) ill/sick/nauseous/queasy 感到不适／想吐／恶心
• be running (BrE) a temperature/(NAmE) a fever 发烧
• have a head cold/diabetes/heart disease/lung cancer/a headache/(BrE) a high temperature/(NAmE) a fever 患伤风感冒／糖尿病／心脏病／肺癌；头痛；发烧
• suffer from asthma/malnutrition/frequent headaches/bouts of depression/a mental disorder 患哮喘／营养不良症／经常性头痛／多发性抑郁症／精神错乱
• be laid up with/ (BrE) be in bed with a cold/the flu/(BrE) flu/a migraine 因感冒／流感／偏头痛而卧床休息
• nurse a cold/a headache/a hangover 调治感冒／头痛／宿醉
• battle/fight cancer/depression/addiction/alcoholism 与癌症／抑郁症作斗争；戒瘾；戒酒

Treatments 治疗

• examine a patient 给病人做检查
• diagnose a condition/disease/disorder 诊断疾病
• be diagnosed with cancer/diabetes/schizophrenia 诊断为癌症／糖尿病／精神分裂症
• prescribe/be given/be on/take drugs/medicine/medication/pills/painkillers/antibiotics 开／得到／服用药／药片／止痛药／抗生素
• treat sb for cancer/depression/shock 治疗某人的癌症／抑郁症／休克
• have/undergo an examination/an operation/surgery/a kidney transplant/therapy/chemotherapy/treatment for cancer 接受检查／手术／外科手术／肾移植手术／治疗／化疗／癌症治疗
• have/be given an injection/(BrE) a flu jab/(NAmE) a flu shot/a blood transfusion/a scan/an X-ray 打针；接种流感疫苗；接受输血；做扫描检查；照 X 光
• cure a disease/an ailment/cancer/a headache/a patient 治疗疾病／病痛／癌症／头痛／病人
• prevent the spread of disease/further outbreaks/damage to the lungs 防止疾病扩散／疾病进一步爆发／对肺部造成伤害
• be vaccinated against the flu/(BrE) flu/the measles/(BrE) measles/polio/smallpox 接种流感／麻疹／小儿麻痹症／天花疫苗
• enhance/boost/confer/build immunity to a disease 增加对疾病的免疫力