penalty
Longman Dictionary of Contemporary English 5++LDOCE 5++pen·al·ty /ˈpenlti/ ●●○ W3 noun (plural penalties) [countable] 1 SCLPUNISHa punishment for breaking a law, rule, or legal agreement 〔因违反法律、规则或合约而受到的〕惩罚，处罚 No littering. Penalty $500. 禁止乱扔垃圾。 违者罚款500美元。 Withdrawing the money early will result in a 10% penalty. 提前支取这笔钱将被处以10%的罚金。penalty for The penalty for a first offense is a fine. 初犯将处以罚款。severe/stiff/heavy penalty Drug dealers face severe penalties. 毒贩面临严厉处罚。 If he is convicted, he could receive the death penalty (=be killed as a punishment). 一旦定罪，他可能会被判处死刑。► see thesaurus at punishment2 UNPLEASANTsomething bad that happens to you because of something you have done or because of the situation you are in 不利，害处penalty of (doing) something One of the penalties of being famous is the loss of privacy. 成名的弊端之一就是失去隐私。 If you don’t do the job right, you will pay the penalty. 要是不好好干活的话，你会有麻烦的。3 DSa disadvantage in sports given to a player or team for breaking a rule 〔体育运动中对犯规者的〕判罚，处罚 Woodson received a penalty. 伍德森受到了处罚。4 DSFa chance to kick the ball or hit the puck into the goal in a game of football, rugby, or ice hockey, given because the other team has broken a rule 〔足球中的〕点球；〔橄榄球、冰球中的〕罚球 Townsend kicked a penalty (=in a rugby game) in the last minute. 最后一分钟，汤森罚进了一球。 Leeds were awarded a penalty. 利兹队获得一次点球机会。n COLLOCATIONS – Meaning 1: a punishment for breaking a law, rule, or legal agreementADJECTIVES/NOUN + penaltya severe/stiff/heavy/tough/harsh penaltyThere were calls for stiffer penalties for killers of police officers.the maximum penaltyThe maximum penalty for the offence is now three years’ imprisonment.a financial penaltyParents who fail to prevent their children committing crimes are to face heavy financial penalties.the death penalty (=the punishment of being killed)If convicted, they face the death penalty.verbsa crime carries a penaltyMurder carries a minimum penalty of 15 years in prison.impose a penaltySevere penalties are imposed for election fraud.face a penaltyHe faces a maximum penalty of 10 years’ imprisonment.n COLLOCATIONS – Meaning 4: a chance to kick the ball or hit the puck into the goal in a game of football, rugby, or ice hockey, given because the other team has broken a ruleverbstake a penalty (=in football or soccer)Why did they let Jones take the penalty?kick a penalty (=in rugby)Jon Bland kicked a penalty to make it 6–3.miss a penaltyHe missed that penalty against France.score a penaltyBilly Dodds scored a penalty for Rangers after 55 minutes.award/give (a team) a penaltyThe referee awarded Bradford a penalty in the final minute.
Examples from the Corpus
penalty• Although Newton missed the conversion, he added a penalty five minutes later.• And they had disintegrated in familiar fashion, with careless penalties and rampant ragged play.• In 1969, Britain abolished the death penalty for murder.• Drug smugglers face the death penalty if they are caught.• Then they filed another appeal in the federal courts challenging the constitutionality of the death penalty.• The contract includes stiff financial penalties for failure to complete the work on time.• While workers would lose pay during this leave, they would be shielded by the law against any other penalty.• Their fears may be justified, but the penalties of content control are very high.• The penalty for treason was always death.• He was given three penalty points and ordered to pay £15 towards prosecution costs.• You will be issued with penalty notices and the amounts due will be shown on your self-assessment statements.penalty for• Answer all questions on the test - there's no penalty for guessing.penalty of (doing) something• Penalty of perjury Applicants are also asked to sign an affidavit attesting to the accuracy of the information under penalty of perjury.• All are defined as crimes against humanity and carry a penalty of life imprisonment.• The suit demands damages and a civil penalty of ten times actual damages.• The transport energy penalty of a high-mass construction was described above.• If stuck, use a general penalty of -10 to Fel if the mask can be seen.• Those convicted by the tribunal face a maximum penalty of life in prison.• Millard said he would seek the maximum penalty of life in prison without parole.• Businesses must synchronize their production choices with consumer choices or face the penalty of losses and eventual bankruptcy.kicked ... penalty• Gregory converted the try and as he had also kicked a penalty goal early in the match Nottingham were on their way.• Leos scored tries through their scrum half Paul Mildenstein and fly half Ian Davidson, who converted both and kicked a penalty.• Didier Camberabero kicked a penalty and converted a characteristic try by Serge Blanco.• Alresford lifted the siege when Clarke kicked a penalty from fully 40 metres, and they followed up with the decisive try.• Andy Craggs kicked a penalty for Park.• Earlier, Craggs had kicked a penalty and then hit the post when attempting to convert Steve Towns' try.• McCall kicked a penalty five minutes from time to make sure for Bangor, who then added two tries as Collegians faded.• Parry kicked a penalty after three minutes before Stephens replied for Llanelli.From Longman Business Dictionarypenaltypen‧al‧ty /ˈpenlti/ noun (plural penalties) [countable]1a punishment for breaking a law or rulepenalty forThere will be increased penalties for dumping oil at sea.The offence carries a maximum penalty of two years’ imprisonment.The stiff penalties (=severe penalties) facing the eight racketeers are likely to act as a strong deterrent.2BANKINGINSURANCEan amount of money someone has to pay if they do not keep to a legal agreement, especially an agreement with a bank or an insurance companypenalty forThere is a 10% penalty for withdrawing funds in the first three years. → surrender penaltyOrigin penalty (1500-1600) Medieval Latin poenalitas, from Latin poenalis; → PENALpen·al·ty noun →n COLLOCATIONS1 →n COLLOCATIONS2LDOCE OnlineChineseSyllable
Corpus for punishment Business or breaking law, a a rule,
penalty
pen‧al‧ty W3 /ˈpenlti/
noun (plural penalties) [countable]1. a punishment for breaking a law, rule, or legal agreement:
No littering. Penalty $500.
Withdrawing the money early will result in a 10% penalty.
penalty for
The penalty for a first offense is a fine.
severe/stiff/heavy penalty
Drug dealers face severe penalties.
If he is convicted, he could receive the death penalty (=be killed as a punishment).
2. something bad that happens to you because of something you have done or because of the situation you are in
penalty of (doing) something
One of the penalties of being famous is the loss of privacy.
If you don’t do the job right, you will pay the penalty.
3. a disadvantage in sports given to a player or team for breaking a rule:
Woodson received a penalty.
4. a chance to kick the ball or hit the puck into the goal in a game of football, rugby, or ice hockey, given because the other team has broken a rule:
Townsend kicked a penalty (=in a rugby game) in the last minute.
Leeds were awarded a penalty.
■ ADJECTIVES/NOUN + penalty
▪a severe/stiff/heavy/tough/harsh penalty There were calls for stiffer penalties for killers of police officers.
▪the maximum penalty The maximum penalty for the offence is now three years’ imprisonment.
▪a financial penalty Parents who fail to prevent their children committing crimes are to face heavy financial penalties.
▪the death penalty (=the punishment of being killed) If convicted, they face the death penalty.
■ verbs
▪a crime carries a penalty Murder carries a minimum penalty of 15 years in prison.
▪impose a penalty Severe penalties are imposed for election fraud.
▪face a penalty He faces a maximum penalty of 10 years’ imprisonment.
■ verbs
▪take a penalty (=in football or soccer) Why did they let Jones take the penalty?
▪kick a penalty (=in rugby) Jon Bland kicked a penalty to make it 6–3.
▪miss a penalty He missed that penalty against France.
▪score a penalty Billy Dodds scored a penalty for Rangers after 55 minutes.
▪award/give (a team) a penalty The referee awarded Bradford a penalty in the final minute.
▪ punishment something that is done in order to punish someone, or the act of punishing them: I don’t think they deserved such a severe punishment. | The usual punishment is life in prison.
▪sentence a punishment given by a judge in a court: He was given a long prison sentence. | They asked for the maximum sentence.
▪fine an amount of money that you must pay as a punishment: I got an £80 fine for speeding. | There are heavy fines for drink-driving.
▪penalty a general word for a punishment given to someone who has broken a law, rule, or agreement: What’s the penalty if you get caught? | He called for stiffer penalties for crimes involving guns.
▪the death penalty (also capital punishment ) the system in which people are killed as a punishment for crimes: If he is found guilty, he faces the death penalty. | A number of states have abolished capital punishment.
▪community service unpaid work helping other people that someone does as punishment for a crime: He was given a choice between doing 200 hours of community service, or a big fine.
▪corporal punishment the punishment of children by hitting them: I don’t agree with corporal punishment. | Corporal punishment was abolished in schools in 1987.
pen‧al‧ty W3 /ˈpenlti/
noun (plural penalties) [countable]1. a punishment for breaking a law, rule, or legal agreement: penalty for
severe/stiff/heavy penalty
2. something bad that happens to you because of something you have done or because of the situation you are in
penalty of (doing) something
3. a disadvantage in sports given to a player or team for breaking a rule:
4. a chance to kick the ball or hit the puck into the goal in a game of football, rugby, or ice hockey, given because the other team has broken a rule:
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