product
Word family
Longman Dictionary of Contemporary English 5++LDOCE 5++prod·uct /ˈprɒdʌkt $ ˈprɑː-/ ●●● S1 W1 noun 1 [countable, uncountable]TIMAKE something that is grown or made in a factory in large quantities, usually in order to be sold 产品；制品；物产agricultural/dairy/software etc products consumer products such as VCRs 录像机之类的消费品 The London factory assembles the finished product. 伦敦工厂组装成品。 He works in marketing and product development. 他从事营销和产品开发。2 the product of something a) if someone is the product of a particular background or experience, their character is typical of that background or the result of that experience 某事物的产物 Paula was the product of a sheltered middle-class home. 葆拉是备受呵护的中产阶级家庭的产物。 b) if something is the product of a particular situation, process etc, it is the result of that situation or process 某事物的结果 The report was the product of four years’ hard work. 那份报告是四年辛苦工作的成果。3. [countable] technicalHMN the number you get by multiplying two or more numbers in mathematics 〔数学〕（乘）积4 [countable]HCC something that is produced through a natural or chemical process 〔自然过程或化学反应的〕生成物 Hemoglobin is a product of red blood cells. 血红蛋白是红细胞的生成物。n COLLOCATIONSADJECTIVES/NOUN + producta commercial productThey help firms turn good ideas into commercial products.a consumer product (=one that is bought by the public)Demand for consumer products has increased.household productsDo you know what chemicals are in household products such as washing powder and paint?beauty/hair productsShe doesn’t buy beauty products that have been tested on animals.dairy/milk productsSome people are allergic to dairy products.meat productsmeat products like sausages, pies and burgersthe finished productThe quality of the finished product is all-important.product + NOUNproduct developmentThe money will be used to fund product development.a product range/line (=the range of things that a company makes and sells)We want to broaden the company’s product line. THESAURUSproduct noun [countable] something that is made or produced in large quantities, usually in order to be sold 产品consumer products such as mobile phones 手机之类的消费品dairy products 乳制品goods noun [plural] things that are produced in order to be sold, especially for use in the home 商品〔尤指家庭用品〕They sell furniture and other household goods. 他们出售家具及其他家庭用品。electrical goods 电气商品white goods (=large electrical goods used in the home such as washing machines and refrigerators) 白色商品,大型家用电器commodity noun [countable] formal a type of product or raw material that can be bought and sold – used especially about basic food products, metals, and fuels 商品；〔尤指〕日用品The decline in prices for agricultural commodities made the economic situation worse. 农产品价格下跌令经济形势更加严峻。All metal was a valuable commodity and was rarely wasted. 所有的金属制品都是有价值的商品,很少被浪费。merchandise noun [uncountable] formal things that are being sold, especially in shops 〔尤指商店里的〕商品,货物Customers are not allowed to handle the merchandise. 顾客不得触摸商品。Sales of books, videos, and other merchandise have increased. 书籍、录像带和其他商品的销量增加了。wares noun [plural] written things that are offered for sale, especially in a market or on the street 〔尤指市场中或街上的〕商品,货物In the market, the traders began selling their wares. 市场里,商贩开始出售商品。Merchants brought their wares from all over the world. 批发商从世界各地采购商品。export noun [countable often plural] a product that is sent to a foreign country in order to be sold 出口商品,出口货US exports rose to $11.935 billion. 美国的商品出口增加到119.35亿美元。At the moment, oil is their biggest export. 目前石油是他们最大的出口商品。import noun [countable often plural] goods that are brought from one country into another to be sold there 进口商品,进口货The UK clothing industry cannot compete with foreign imports on price. 英国的服装业无法在价格上和外国进口货竞争。Examples from the Corpus
product• There was a ban on meat pies, gelatine, and other British beef products.• a new range of skin-care products• I'm allergic to dairy products.• But his aides stress that the final product, while reflecting the input of dozens of others, is predominately Clinton.• There is less demand now for products like coal and steel.• On this basis, by about 1996, sales of electronic information products will be generating more revenue than sales of books.• The new product took more than three years to develop before being put on the market.• We spend a lot of money on product development.• None of our products are tested on animals.• The company manufactures and delivers paper and paper products.• If not detected and corrected this error would have priced the said products out of the market.• Several additional features can now be added like colour or photographs and the product starts to take on a more professional look.• That would be another major breakthrough, offering a huge distribution channel for the product.• Graphically, the intersection of the supply curve and the demand curve for the product will indicate the equilibrium point.• They enlighten us on the mystery, we are grateful to them, we trust them and then we buy their product.• The bill will restrict the advertising of tobacco products.the finished product• The Anarak Adventure state that if you are not completely knocked out by the finished product there will be no charge!!• These formulas and the labels for the finished products must be approved.• Students will take home the finished products.• Trim the cutting of the finished product to the correct size.• The quality of the finished products should at least match the standards of comparable outside bodies.• Other people are bringing in ideas and they are rewarded with commission rather than a free sample of the finished product.• A greater emphasis is likely to be placed on the finished product.• But manufacturing was not enough; he needed missionaries to peddle the finished product.From Longman Business Dictionaryproductprod‧uct /ˈprɒdʌktˈprɑː-/ noun1[countable]COMMERCE something useful and intended to be sold that comes from nature or is made in a factoryDistributors for Amway sell numerous products, including cleaning and personal-care products.Companies must be able to launch new products (=introduce them) quickly and alter existing ones.SL Industries designs, manufactures and distributes engineered products.There were thought to be no safety problems, but the company decided to withdraw the product (=no longer make it available) so the incidents could be investigated.2milk/steel/tobacco/wood etc products products made from milk etcCorning produces glass fiber and other specialty glass products.petroleum products3[countable]COMMERCE a serviceThe bank offers products such as cash management and short-term loans.4[uncountable]COMMERCE products in generalHe needed $6,000 more a month to invest in inventory, but didn’t have it. As a result he couldn’t keep enough product on the shelf. → commercial product → commodity product → consumer product → copycat product → core product → derivative product → entry-level product → financial product → generic product → gross product → high-end product → high-tech product → home product → household product → industrial product → insurance product → investment product → low-end product → me-too product → proprietary product → value-added productOrigin product (1400-1500) Latin productum, from the past participle of producere; → PRODUCE1prod·uct noun →n COLLOCATIONS1 →THESAURUS1LDOCE OnlineChineseSyllable
grown in factory Corpus a something is or made that Business
product
prod‧uct S1 W1 /ˈprɒdʌkt $ ˈprɑː-/
noun
agricultural/dairy/software etc products
consumer products such as VCRs
The London factory assembles the finished product.
He works in marketing and product development.
2. the product of something
a. if someone is the product of a particular background or experience, their character is typical of that background or the result of that experience:
Paula was the product of a sheltered middle-class home.
b. if something is the product of a particular situation, process etc, it is the result of that situation or process:
The report was the product of four years’ hard work.
3. [countable] technical the number you get by multiplying two or more numbers in mathematics
4. [countable] something that is produced through a natural or chemical process:
Hemoglobin is a product of red blood cells.
■ ADJECTIVES/NOUN + product
▪a commercial product They help firms turn good ideas into commercial products.
▪a consumer product (=one that is bought by the public) Demand for consumer products has increased.
▪household products Do you know what chemicals are in household products such as washing powder and paint?
▪beauty/hair products She doesn’t buy beauty products that have been tested on animals.
▪dairy/milk products Some people are allergic to dairy products.
▪meat products meat products like sausages, pies and burgers
▪the finished product The quality of the finished product is all-important.
■ product + NOUN
▪product development The money will be used to fund product development.
▪a product range/line (=the range of things that a company makes and sells) We want to broaden the company’s product line.
▪ product noun [countable] something that is made or produced in large quantities, usually in order to be sold: consumer products such as mobile phones | dairy products
▪goods noun [plural] things that are produced in order to be sold, especially for use in the home: They sell furniture and other household goods. | electrical goods | white goods (=large electrical goods used in the home such as washing machines and refrigerators)
▪commodity noun [countable] formal a type of product or raw material that can be bought and sold – used especially about basic food products, metals, and fuels: The decline in prices for agricultural commodities made the economic situation worse. | All metal was a valuable commodity and was rarely wasted.
▪merchandise noun [uncountable] formal things that are being sold, especially in shops: Customers are not allowed to handle the merchandise. | Sales of books, videos, and other merchandise have increased.
▪wares noun [plural] written things that are offered for sale, especially in a market or on the street: In the market, the traders began selling their wares. | Merchants brought their wares from all over the world.
▪export noun [countable often plural] a product that is sent to a foreign country in order to be sold: US exports rose to $11.935 billion. | At the moment, oil is their biggest export.
▪import noun [countable often plural] goods that are brought from one country into another to be sold there: The UK clothing industry cannot compete with foreign imports on price.
prod‧uct S1 W1 /ˈprɒdʌkt $ ˈprɑː-/
noun Word Family: noun: produce, producer, product, production, reproduction, productivity; adjective: productive ≠ unproductive, counterproductive, reproductive, reproducible; verb: produce, reproduce; adverb: productively
Date: 1400-1500
Language: Latin
Origin: productum, from the past participle of producere; ⇨ produce1
1. [uncountable and countable] something that is grown or made in a factory in large quantities, usually in order to be soldLanguage: Latin
Origin: productum, from the past participle of producere; ⇨ produce1
agricultural/dairy/software etc products
2. the product of something
a. if someone is the product of a particular background or experience, their character is typical of that background or the result of that experience:
b. if something is the product of a particular situation, process etc, it is the result of that situation or process:
3. [countable] technical the number you get by multiplying two or more numbers in mathematics
4. [countable] something that is produced through a natural or chemical process:
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product a thing that is produced or grown, usually to be sold 指制造或种植的产品 ：◆ to create/develop/launch a new product 创造／开发／推出新产品 goods things that are produced to be sold 指商品、货品 ：◆ cotton/leather goods 棉织／皮革商品 ◆ electrical goods 电器商品 commodity ( economics ) a product or raw material that can be bought and sold, especially between countries尤指国家间贸易的商品 ：◆ rice, flour and other basic commodities 稻米、面粉和其他基本商品 merchandise [ 指商品、货品、相关商品、指定商品 ：◆ official Olympic merchandise 奥林匹克运动会官方指定商品
goods or merchandise? 用 goods 还是 merchandise？
produce [ 尤指农产品，也包括其他种植或制造的产品 ：◆ We sell only fresh local produce. 我们只售当地的新鲜农产品。
Patterns
consumer/industrial products/goods/commoditieshousehold products/goodsfarm products/produceluxury products/goods/commoditiesto sell/market a product/goods/a commodity/merchandise/produceto export a product/goods/a commodity/merchandiseto buy/purchase a product/goods/a commodity/merchandise/produce
Running a business 经营企业
buy/acquire/own/sell a company/firm/franchise收购／获得／拥有／出售公司／商行／特许经销权 set up/establish/start/start up/launch a business/company创办企业／公司 run/operate a business/company/franchise经营企业／公司／专卖店 head/run a firm/department/team管理公司／部门／团队 make/secure/win/block a deal达成／阻止一笔交易 expand/grow/build the business扩展业务 boost/increase investment/spending/sales/turnover/earnings/exports/trade增加投资／支出／销售量／营业额／收入／出口／贸易 increase/expand production/output/sales增加产量／输出量／销售量 boost/maximize production/productivity/efficiency/income/revenue/profit/profitability使产量／生产力／效率／收入／收益／利润／收益增加／最大化 achieve/maintain/sustain growth/profitability实现／维持／保持增长／收益 cut/reduce/bring down/lower/slash costs/prices削减成本／价格 announce/impose/make cuts/cutbacks宣布／强制实行／实施削减
Sales and marketing 销售和市场营销
break into/enter/capture/dominate the market打入／进入／占领／控制市场 gain/grab/take/win/boost/lose market share取得／夺取／得到／赢得／增加／丢失市场份额 find/build/create a market for sth为某物找到／建立／开创市场 start/launch an advertising/a marketing campaign发起广告／营销宣传活动 develop/launch/promote a product/website开发／推出／推销产品／网站 create/generate demand for your product为产品创造需求 attract/get/retain/help customers/clients吸引／赢得／留住／帮助顾客／客户 drive/generate/boost/increase demand/sales刺激／创造／提高／增加需求／销售量 beat/keep ahead of/out-think/outperform the competition打败／领先于／智胜／胜过竞争对手 meet/reach/exceed/miss sales targets完成／达到／超过／未达到销售目标
Finance 财务
draw up/set/present/agree/approve a budget起草／制订／提出／批准预算 keep to/balance/cut/reduce/slash the budget执行／平衡／削减／大幅削减预算 be/come in below/under/over/within budget未超出／超出预算；在预算之内 generate income/revenue/profit/funds/business产生收益／利润／资金／营业额 fund/finance a campaign/a venture/an expansion/spending/a deficit为活动／商业项目／扩张／开支／赤字提供资金 provide/raise/allocate capital/funds提供／筹集／分配资金 attract/encourage investment/investors吸引／鼓励投资／投资者 recover/recoup costs/losses/an investment收回成本／亏损／投资 get/obtain/offer sb/grant sb credit/a loan获得／为某人提供／准予某人贷款 apply for/raise/secure/arrange/provide finance申请／筹集／获得／安排／提供资金
Failure 失败；不成功
lose business/trade/customers/sales/revenue失去生意／买卖／顾客／销量／收益 accumulate/accrue/incur/run up debts累积／积累／招致／积欠债务 suffer/sustain enormous/heavy/serious losses蒙受惨重损失 face cuts/a deficit/redundancy/bankruptcy面临削减／赤字／裁员／破产 file for/ ( NAmE enter/avoid/escape bankruptcy申请／避免／幸免破产 ( BrE go into administration/liquidation进入行政接管／清算 liquidate/wind up a company清算／关闭公司 survive/weather a recession/downturn艰难渡过萧条期／衰退期 propose/seek/block/oppose a merger提出／寻求／阻止／反对合并 launch/make/accept/defeat a takeover bid发起／进行／接受／阻止收购投标