proof

Word family  noun proof adjective proven ≠ unproven verb prove ≠ disprove

 Longman Dictionary of Contemporary English 5++朗文当代英语 5++LDOCE 5++朗文 5++

Related topics: Newspapers, printing, publishing, Maths, Drink

proof1 /pruːf/ ●●○ S3 W3 noun  1  evidence 证据 [countable, uncountable]PROVE facts, information, documents etc that prove something is true 证明；证据proof of proof of the existence of life on other planets 其他星球上存在生命的证据 This latest interview was further proof of how good at her job Cara was. 最近的这次面谈进一步证明了卡拉的工作有多出色。proof (that) Do you have any proof that this man stole your bag? 你有什么证据证明这个男人偷了你的包吗？ There is no proof that the document is authentic. 没有证据证明这份文件是真的。2  copy 校样 [countable usually plural] technicalTCN a copy of a piece of writing or a photograph that is checked carefully before the final printing is done 校样 Can you check these proofs? 你能核对一下这些校样吗？3  mathematics 数学 [countable] a) HMa test in mathematics of whether a calculation is correct 〔数学〕验算，验证 b) HMa list of reasons that shows a theorem (=statement) in geometry to be true 〔几何定理等〕证（明），证法4  the proof of the pudding (is in the eating) PROVEused to say that you can only know whether something is good or bad after you have tried it 布丁好不好，吃了才知道〔只有通过体验才能判断事物的好坏〕5The proof of pudding will be team’s performance this season.好坏还得看本赛季球队的表现。5  alcohol 酒精 [uncountable]DFD a measurement of the strength of some types of alcoholic drink, especially spirits 〔酒类的〕标准酒精度 70% proof vodka (=that contains 70% pure alcohol) British English 酒精度为70%的伏特加酒 70 proof vodka (=that contains 35% pure alcohol) American English 酒精度为35%的伏特加酒 COLLOCATIONSverbshave proof 有证据The newspaper claimed it had proof that I worked for the CIA. 那份报纸声称有证据证明我为中央情报局工作。provide/give proof 提供证据You will be required to provide proof of your identity. 会要求你提供身份证明。need proof 需要证据He needed proof to back up those allegations. 他需要为那些指控提供证据。there is proof 有证据There is now proof that giant squid do exist. 现在有证据证明巨型鱿鱼确实存在。adjectivesfurther proof (=additional proof) 进一步的证据He showed his driving licence as further proof of his identity. 他出示了驾驶执照作为身份的进一步证明。scientific proof 科学证据They say they have scientific proof that the treatment works. 他们说有科学证据证明那种疗法有效。living proof (=someone whose existence or experience proves something) 活生生的证明She is living proof that stress need not necessarily be ageing. 压力不一定会让人变老,她就是活生生的证明。clear proof 清晰的证据His indecision is clear proof of his inability to handle the situation. 他的优柔寡断就是他没有能力处理这种情况的明证。conclusive/tangible proof (=definite proof) 确凿的证据nThere is no conclusive proof that your son is dead.phrasesproof of identity (=something that proves who you are) 身份证明Do you have any proof of identity, such as a passport? 你有什么身份证明吗,比如说护照之类？proof of purchase (=something that proves you bought something from a particular place) 购物证明nWe will give a refund only if proof of purchase is provided.proof of ownership 所有权证明nTake photos of anything unusual you own as proof of ownership.proof positive (=definite proof that cannot be doubted) 确凿证据Here is proof positive that she's wrong. 这里有表明她错了的确凿证据。the burden/onus of proof law (=the need to prove that you are right in a legal case) 举证责任The burden of proof is on the prosecution. 举证责任在控方。

Examples from the Corpus

proof• It justifies the move as proof that it is taking the independent platform integration business seriously.• Such actions were virtually undetectable, and on several occasions suspicion there might be, but proof was impossible.• It was alleged that he was stealing money from the till, but we never had any conclusive proof.• Of course, she reminded herself sternly, that was just proof that she had not had many sensual encounters.• He was the only person in the room when the money disappeared - what more proof do you want?• The police knew she was guilty, but they had no proof.• There is no proof that he did it.• If that is not proof of lack of investment, what is?• That play was some proof that I was all right.• You can't drink in bars without some proof of your age.• A key ingredient of this proof was to represent the complex numbers geometrically, and then to use a topological argument.• Even my highly regrettable tendency to react positively whenever the fridge door is opened was proof against that.• The examining magistrate will decide to send the case to trial, except when proof of innocence is clear.proof (that)• The guilt is established by proof of facts.• Niels Bohr pointed it out to him and he had to add a note in proof to deal with the question.• Moreover both counsel would shortly before the summing-up have reminded the jury of the burden of proof.• The burden of proof in establishing the defence is upon the defendant on the balance of probabilities.• For the proof is that we still read the book.• The children seemed terrified by the noise and by the visible proof of how close it had come.• A marine regiment was equipped with plasma cannon, and the marine battle armour was proof against most weapons.proof2 adjective  be proof against something literary to be too strong or good to be affected by something bad 能抵抗某物；能对抗某物；能防御某物 Their defences are proof against most weapons. 他们的防卫工事可以抵挡大多数武器的攻击。

Related topics: Clothes & fashion

proof3 verb [transitive] British English  1  DCPROTECTto treat a material with a substance in order to protect it against water, oil etc 把〔某材料〕作防水[油]处理be proofed against something climbing gear proofed against water 经防水处理的登山用具n Grammar Proof is usually passive in this meaning.2  to proofread something 校对，校阅n Do you want me to proof those documents for you?→ See Verb table

Examples from the Corpus

proof• It also controls the background batch machines used to support proofing.• This yeast is added directly to the dough, with-out need for proofing.• The first part of proofing is as simple as creating white space.• Any lexicographer may obtain entry text for read only or for proofing regardless of ownership or the status of the on-loan flag.-proof /pruːf/ suffix  1  [in adjectives]PROTECT used to describe something which a particular thing cannot harm or pass through, or which protects people against that thing 耐…的，防…的，抗…的 a bulletproof car 防弹汽车 a waterproof jacket 防水上衣 an ovenproof dish (=that cannot be harmed by heat) 耐热盘子2  [in adjectives] used to describe something which cannot easily be affected or damaged by someone or something 不易受到…影响［破坏］的 a childproof container 防儿童开启的容器 vandal-proof 防止破坏的3  [in verbs]PROTECT to treat or make something so that a particular thing cannot harm it or pass through it, or so that it gives protection against it 防…，抗…，使不受…影响 soundproof a room (=so that sound cannot get into or out of it) 给房间隔音

Examples from the Corpus

-proof• a bulletproof vest• tamper-proof packagesOrigin proof1 (1200-1300) Old French preuve, from Late Latin proba, from Latin probare; → PROBE2

proof1 noun →COLLOCATIONS1proof2 adjectiveproof3 verb →n GRAMMAR1-proof suffixLDOCE OnlineChinese  

true documents is etc information, prove that facts, something Corpus

proof

I

proof¹ S3 W3 /pruːf/ noun1.  EVIDENCE  [uncountable and countable] facts, information, documents etc that prove something is true
    proof of
    proof of the existence of life on other planets
    This latest interview was further proof of how good at her job Cara was.
    proof (that)
    Do you have any proof that this man stole your bag?
    There is no proof that the document is authentic.
2.  COPY  [countable usually plural] technical a copy of a piece of writing or a photograph that is checked carefully before the final printing is done:
    Can you check these proofs?
3.  MATHEMATICS  [countable]
  a. a test in mathematics of whether a calculation is correct
  b. a list of reasons that shows a theorem (=statement) in geometry to be true
4. the proof of the pudding (is in the eating) used to say that you can only know whether something is good or bad after you have tried it
5.  ALCOHOL  [uncountable] a measurement of the strength of some types of alcoholic drink, especially spirits:
    70% proof vodka (=that contains 70% pure alcohol) British English
    70 proof vodka (=that contains 35% pure alcohol) American English
     

COLLOCATIONS

■ verbs
   ▪ have proof The newspaper claimed it had proof that I worked for the CIA.
   ▪ provide/give proof You will be required to provide proof of your identity.
   ▪ need proof He needed proof to back up those allegations.
   ▪ there is proof There is now proof that giant squid do exist.
■ adjectives
   ▪ further proof (=additional proof) He showed his driving licence as further proof of his identity.
   ▪ scientific proof They say they have scientific proof that the treatment works.
   ▪ living proof (=someone whose existence or experience proves something) She is living proof that stress need not necessarily be ageing.
   ▪ clear proof His indecision is clear proof of his inability to handle the situation.
   ▪ conclusive/tangible proof (=definite proof) There is no conclusive proof that your son is dead.
■ phrases
   ▪ proof of identity (=something that proves who you are) Do you have any proof of identity, such as a passport?
   ▪ proof of purchase (=something that proves you bought something from a particular place) We will give a refund only if proof of purchase is provided.
   ▪ proof of ownership Take photos of anything unusual you own as proof of ownership.
   ▪ proof positive (=definite proof that cannot be doubted) Here is proof positive that she's wrong.
   ▪ the burden/onus of proof law (=the need to prove that you are right in a legal case) The burden of proof is on the prosecution.

II

proof² adjective
be proof against something literary to be too strong or good to be affected by something bad:
    Their defences are proof against most weapons.

III

proof³ verb [transitive] British English
1. [usually passive] to treat a material with a substance in order to protect it against water, oil etc
    proof something against something
    climbing gear proofed against water
2. to proofread something