race
Word family
Longman Dictionary of Contemporary English 5++LDOCE 5++race1 /reɪs/ ●●● S2 W2 noun 1 sport 体育运动 [countable]DSO a competition in which people or animals compete to run, drive etc fastest and finish first 赛跑；赛车；速度比赛in a race He will be the youngest runner in the race. 他将是比赛中最年轻的选手。 Over 80 cars will take part in the race. 将有80多辆汽车参加比赛。race between the annual boat race between Oxford and Cambridge Universities 牛津大学与剑桥大学之间一年一度的划船赛2 people 民族 a) [countable, uncountable] one of the main groups that humans can be divided into according to the colour of their skin and other physical features 人种；种族 → ethnic group The school welcomes children of all races. 该校欢迎各种族的学生就读。 a person of mixed race 混血儿 The law forbids discrimination on the grounds of race or religion. 法律禁止以种族或宗教信仰为由歧视他人。 → human race b) [singular] informal a group of people who are similar in some way 一群相似的人race of The 1960s produced a new race of young novelists. 20 世纪60年代产生了一批新的年轻小说家。 Are schools breeding (=producing) a race of children incapable of making decisions for themselves? 学校是否正在培养一批没有自主能力的孩子？3 get/do STH first 抢先得到某物/做某事 [singular]COMPETE WITH/TRY TO BEAT a situation in which one group of people tries to obtain or achieve something before another group does 竞赛，竞争the race to do something More and more drug companies are joining the race to beat cancer. 正有越来越多的医药公司加入攻克癌症的竞赛。 The race is on to develop more environmentally friendly forms of energy. 人们正在竞相开发更环保的能源形式。 → arms race, rat race4 do STH quickly 快速做某事 [singular] a situation in which you have to do something very quickly because you have very little time available 抓紧时间，赶时间a race to do something It is now a race to find the killer. 现在正加紧寻找凶手。race against time/against the clock The pilot then began a desperate race against time to land the plane before it ran out of fuel. 于是飞行员开始争分夺秒，力争在燃油耗尽前着陆。5 prize/power 奖品/权力 [singular] a situation in which people are competing with each other to win a prize or obtain a position of power 〔为获奖或得到权力的〕竞争，角逐race for Mr Bird has now officially joined the race for the White House. 伯德先生现已正式参加入主白宫的角逐。 He is no longer in the race for academic awards. 他已经无缘学术奖的角逐了。race to do something the race to host the next Olympic Games 下一届奥运会主办权的角逐6 HORSE RACE 赛马the races DSHan occasion when horse races are held 赛马会at the races We spent a day at the races. 我们看了一天赛马。 → play the race card at play1(14) COLLOCATIONS – Meaning 1: a competition in which people or animals compete to run, drive etc fastest and finish first 赛跑；赛车；速度比赛verbscompete in a race (also take part in a race) 参加比赛He is competing in his first race this year. 今年他将首次参赛。nRunners from all over the world will take part in the race.have a race 比赛Let’s have a race! 我们比比看！hold a race 举行比赛The race will be held on February 25th. 比赛将于2月25日举行。win/lose a race 赢得/输掉比赛He did not win another race that season. 那个赛季，他没有再赢过。come first/last etc in a race (also finish first/last etc in a race) 比赛获得第一名/最后一名等She came third in the race. 她跑了第三名。lead the race (=be ahead of everyone else) 在比赛中领先nHe led the race from start to finish.finish the race 赛完全程nCongratulations to Matthew, who finished the race in three hours 17 minutes.run a race 参加比赛nI thought I ran a good race.nenter somebody/something in a raceThe horse is entered in a race at Worcester the day after tomorrow.ADJECTIVES/NOUN + racetough/hard 艰难的He said he expected the race to be tough. 他说他预计比赛会很艰苦。the big race (=an important race) 大赛There are only three days to go until the big race. 距离大赛只有3天时间了。a 3000 metres/10 km etc race 3,000米/10公里等比赛He finished first in the 100 metres race. 他在100米赛跑中获得第一。a horse/boat/bike etc race 赛马/划船赛/自行车赛nIt’s legal to gamble on horse races.a road race (=when people run, cycle etc on ordinary roads) 公路赛nShe regularly competes in 10 kilometre road races.n COLLOCATIONS – Meaning 5: a situation in which people are competing with each other to win a prize or obtain a position of power 〔为获奖或得到权力的〕竞争，角逐verbsenter/join the raceThere was speculation that another candidate might enter the race.drop out of/withdraw from the raceHe dropped out of the presidential race three weeks ago.stay in the raceForbes has the money to stay in the mayoral race as long as he likes.win a raceIt looks as though he will win the race to be the Democratic presidential candidate.ADJECTIVES/NOUN + raceclose/tight Most people were predicting a close race.a three-horse/three-way race (=when three people have a chance of winning)In a three-way race, Clinton received 47 percent, Dole 35 percent, Perot 10 percent.a two-horse/two-way raceIt soon became clear that it would be a two-horse race.a one-horse raceThis is turning into a one-horse race.a presidential/Senate/mayoral raceHe put $12 million of his own money into a Senate race.phrasesbe still in the race (=still have a chance of winning)Swindon Town is still in the race, despite losing to Manchester City on Saturday.n THESAURUS – Meaning 2: race one of the main groups of people in the world, who have the same colour of skin and other physical featuresEverybody should be treated equally regardless of their race or sex.race relations (=the relationship between people of different races)nation a country and its people, or a group of people with the same history and languageJapan has become one of the richest nations in the world.Our dream is for a united Arab nation.people the people who belong to a particular country, race, or area. The plural of this meaning of people is peoplesthe American peoplethe native peoples of the islandstribe a group of people in a country who are the same race, with the same traditional way of life and the same leadera tribe in Papua New GuineaBedouin tribesethnic group a group of people of the same race, nation, or tribeWithin Namibia there are more than a dozen different ethnic groups.the needs of minority ethnic groupsExamples from the Corpus
race• human beings of all races• people of all races and religions• Mary was discriminated against because of her age and race.• This is presumably what happens in the cases of light, match and race discussed above.• Some of the new proteins result from an arms race between animals and plants.• A test ban that could not inspire confidence would undermine stability and might even provoke a new arms race.• the arms race• the annual university boat race between Oxford and Cambridge• the Breeder's Cup races at Churchill Downs.• Lewis won his final race.• And they now look set to promote more harmonious race relations in the community after passing with flying colours.• Her husband spent all their money gambling on horse races.• From then on she discovered many things about the human race, but could find no explanations for them.• The group is working to improve race relations in our cities.• It's a 10 kilometer race from downtown to the river.• He lost to Pfeiffer in last year's mayoral race.• Krystal has already qualified for the hundred-metre race in the Olympics next year.• a person of mixed race• the Nordic races• Still others require respondents to choose just one race category.• Studies are under way to find out why men of some races are more prone to some forms of cancer than others.• Glengormley's Jeremy McWilliam's gave the home fans a further treat with victories in both Superbike races.• He lost to Pfeiffer in the race for district attorney.• In the race for the White House, candidates will promise almost anything.• Hill won the race, and Schumacher finished second.• People should be treated equally, regardless of their race, age, or sex.• He's won three races in a row, using the same car and the same engine.in a race• For Rufus this was a crash course in race relations and show business.• Twenty-six racial equality officers came to the university to enrol in classes for the first ever diploma in race and community relations.• If anyone wanted to marry her, they had to beat her in a race.• Thirteen people have been killed and more than a hundred and seventy injured in race riots in Los Angeles.• Under safety regulations, no jockey was allowed to ride in a race within one week of being concussed.• He uses the whip in a race very judiciously.of all races• Rapid economic growth, he said, would ensure the fulfilment of the aspirations of all races.• In the figure of the bandit Joaquin Murieta, Californians of all races joined together to create a fable of payback.• Folks of all races use this option all the time.• Nursing can provide me with: An opportunity to work with and care for people of all races, communities and creeds.• Although predominantly black, the looters included people of all races.• That ad appeals to people of all races.• People of all races, colours and creeds have to live together, must co-exist.• Women of all races, ethnicities and classes went overwhelmingly for Clinton on Election Day.the race to do something• This began the race to find the perfect pump designed for heavy-duty use in rural communities of developing countries.• In most cities, Klochko and Strelets race from the race to the airport.• Jockey Pat Eddery will switch to Wharf, originally in the race to make the pace for Zafonic.• Men's fashion often gets overlooked in the race to predict the latest and most fashionable trends in womens' clothes.• Bob Dole none the less remains the front-runner in the race to win the Republican presidential nomination.• The company has joined the race to develop the television of the future.• It is a change that will shape the race to the White House.• The publication of the research may puzzle those who thought that the race to the human genome was over last June.• Cambridge took the race to us and destroyed everything we tried to put together.a race to do something• It had been a race to remember.• For a race to have so many multiple lead changes is unusual.• He went on several more expeditions to the Himalaya and was involved in a race to the south pole.• Evolution is, for most of the time, a race to stay in the same place.• Under the old code, it was a race to see who could get what sort of tax advantage.• It was a race to get the car ready in time.race for• Athens' main competition in the race for the 2004 Olympic Games is Rome.race2 ●●● S3 W3 verb 1 sport 体育运动 a) [intransitive, transitive]DSCOMPETE WITH/TRY TO BEAT to compete against someone or something in a race （和…）比赛race against She’ll be racing against some of the world’s top athletes. 她将与一些世界顶尖运动员一决高下。race in Stevens will not be racing in the final due to a knee injury. 史蒂文斯由于膝伤将不能参加决赛。race somebody up/down something etc I’ll race you to the end of the road. 我和你比，看谁先跑到路的尽头。 b) [transitive]DS to use an animal or a vehicle to compete in a race 使〔动物或车辆〕参加比赛 He will be racing a Ferrari in this year’s Formula One championships. 他将驾驶法拉利参加今年的一级方程式锦标赛。2 move quickly 快速移动 [intransitive, transitive always + adverb/preposition]MOVE something OR somebody to move very quickly or take someone or something to a place very quickly 快速移动；把…急送〔到某处〕3 do STH quickly 快速做某事 [intransitive] to try to do something very quickly because you want to be the first to do it, or because there is very little time available 匆忙做；赶着做；争先做4 heart/mind 心/头脑 [intransitive]MIWORRIED if your heart or mind races, it works harder and faster than usual, for example because you are afraid or excited 〔心脏〕急速跳动；〔头脑〕快速运转5. engine 发动机 [intransitive]TTCTEM if an engine races, it runs too fast 猛转→ See Verb tableExamples from the Corpus
race• Turner grabbed the ball and raced 65 yards for a touchdown.• Trent woke at three a.m., his heart racing.• At one time for example she was reported to have been racing around Melbourne in a brand new pink sports car.• Mr Sammler seen seeing was still in rapid currents with his heart. like an escaping creature racing away from him.• Another one races by, touches my hand, and keeps running.• Schumacher will be racing in the Monaco Grand Prix.• On days like today they get the chance to race it.• As a contest it was neither designed to set the pulses racing nor win converts.• In two weeks, they race over 1,000 miles.• Some kids were racing rubber ducks in the stream.• Every Kentucky Derby winner since 1984 already had raced three or four times as a 3-year-old.race to do something• Subsequent versions of Navigator had even more enhancements, and competitors began racing to add them to their browsers.• Kylesku was notorious, and approaching cars raced to be in the front of the queue to avoid a frustrating wait.• The agency is racing to cap the area before more winter rain.• Gabriel had cut inside the turn and was racing to meet them on their other flank.• It is an unusual technological challenge to be certain of the market and racing to produce the chemical to meet it.• Panting, Auguste raced to the corner convinced he would see it on the next stretch.• I race to the phone book and... there he is.race to do something• Subsequent versions of Navigator had even more enhancements, and competitors began racing to add them to their browsers.• Kylesku was notorious, and approaching cars raced to be in the front of the queue to avoid a frustrating wait.• The agency is racing to cap the area before more winter rain.• Gabriel had cut inside the turn and was racing to meet them on their other flank.• It is an unusual technological challenge to be certain of the market and racing to produce the chemical to meet it.• Panting, Auguste raced to the corner convinced he would see it on the next stretch.• I race to the phone book and... there he is.Origin race1 1. (1200-1300) Old Norse ras “going quickly, running”2. (1500-1600) French Old Italian razzarace1 noun →COLLOCATIONS1 →n COLLOCATIONS2
→n THESAURUS1race2 verbLDOCE OnlineChinese
→n THESAURUS1race2 verbLDOCE OnlineChinese
compete animals Corpus which or people run, in to competition a
race
race1 S2 W2 /reɪs/ 
noun
Language: Old Norse
Origin: ras 'going quickly, running'
Language: French
Origin: Old Italian razza1. SPORT [countable] a competition in which people or animals compete to run, drive etc fastest and finish first
in a race
He will be the youngest runner in the race.
Over 80 cars will take part in the race.
race between
the annual boat race between Oxford and Cambridge Universities
2. PEOPLE
a. [uncountable and countable] one of the main groups that humans can be divided into according to the colour of their skin and other physical features ⇨ ethnic group:
The school welcomes children of all races.
a person of mixed race
The law forbids discrimination on the grounds of race or religion. ⇨ human race
b. [singular] informal a group of people who are similar in some way
race of
The 1960s produced a new race of young novelists.
Are schools breeding (=producing) a race of children incapable of making decisions for themselves?
3. GET/DO SOMETHING FIRST [singular] a situation in which one group of people tries to obtain or achieve something before another group does
the race to do something
More and more drug companies are joining the race to beat cancer.
The race is on to develop more environmentally friendly forms of energy. ⇨ arms race, rat race
4. DO SOMETHING QUICKLY [singular] a situation in which you have to do something very quickly because you have very little time available
a race to do something
It is now a race to find the killer.
race against time/against the clock
The pilot then began a desperate race against time to land the plane before it ran out of fuel.
5. PRIZE/POWER [singular] a situation in which people are competing with each other to win a prize or obtain a position of power
race for
Mr Bird has now officially joined the race for the White House.
He is no longer in the race for academic awards.
race to do something
the race to host the next Olympic Games
6. HORSE RACE the races an occasion when horse races are held
at the races
We spent a day at the races.
⇨ play the race card at play1(14)
■ verbs
▪compete in a race (also take part in a race ) He is competing in his first race this year. | Runners from all over the world will take part in the race.
▪have a race Let’s have a race__
▪hold a race The race will be held on February 25th.
▪win/lose a race He did not win another race that season.
▪come first/last etc in a race (also finish first/last etc in a race ) She came third in the race.
▪lead the race (=be ahead of everyone else) He led the race from start to finish.
▪finish the race Congratulations to Matthew, who finished the race in three hours 17 minutes.
▪run a race I thought I ran a good race.
▪enter somebody/something in a race The horse is entered in a race at Worcester the day after tomorrow.
■ ADJECTIVES/NOUN + race
▪tough/hard He said he expected the race to be tough.
▪the big race (=an important race) There are only three days to go until the big race.
▪a 3000 metres/10 km etc race He finished first in the 100 metres race.
▪a horse/boat/bike etc race It’s legal to gamble on horse races.
▪a road race (=when people run, cycle etc on ordinary roads) She regularly competes in 10 kilometre road races.
■ verbs
▪enter/join the race There was speculation that another candidate might enter the race.
▪drop out of/withdraw from the race He dropped out of the presidential race three weeks ago.
▪stay in the race Forbes has the money to stay in the mayoral race as long as he likes.
▪win a race It looks as though he will win the race to be the Democratic presidential candidate.
■ ADJECTIVES/NOUN + race
▪close/tight Most people were predicting a close race.
▪a three-horse/three-way race (=when three people have a chance of winning) In a three-way race, Clinton received 47 percent, Dole 35 percent, Perot 10 percent.
▪a two-horse/two-way race It soon became clear that it would be a two-horse race.
▪a one-horse race This is turning into a one-horse race.
▪a presidential/Senate/mayoral race He put $12 million of his own money into a Senate race.
■ phrases
▪be still in the race (=still have a chance of winning) Swindon Town is still in the race, despite losing to Manchester City on Saturday.
▪ race one of the main groups of people in the world, who have the same colour of skin and other physical features: Everybody should be treated equally regardless of their race or sex. | race relations (=the relationship between people of different races)
▪nation a country and its people, or a group of people with the same history and language: Japan has become one of the richest nations in the world. | Our dream is for a united Arab nation.
▪people the people who belong to a particular country, race, or area. The plural of this meaning of people is peoples: the American people | the native peoples of the islands
▪tribe a group of people in a country who are the same race, with the same traditional way of life and the same leader: a tribe in Papua New Guinea | Bedouin tribes
▪ethnic group a group of people of the same race, nation, or tribe: Within Namibia there are more than a dozen different ethnic groups. | the needs of minority ethnic groups
race2 verb
1. SPORT
a. [intransitive and transitive] to compete against someone or something in a race
race against
She’ll be racing against some of the world’s top athletes.
race in
Stevens will not be racing in the final due to a knee injury.
race somebody up/down something etc
I’ll race you to the end of the road.
b. [transitive] to use an animal or a vehicle to compete in a race:
He will be racing a Ferrari in this year’s Formula One championships.
2. MOVE QUICKLY [intransitive, transitive always + adverb/preposition] to move very quickly or take someone or something to a place very quickly:
He raced into the village on his bike.
I had to race home for my bag.
race somebody to something etc
She was raced to hospital.
race to do something
He raced to meet her.
3. DO SOMETHING QUICKLY [intransitive] to try to do something very quickly because you want to be the first to do it, or because there is very little time available
race to do something
Investors are racing to buy shares in the new hi-tech companies.
race against time/the clock
The astronauts are racing against time to repair the spaceship.
4. HEART/MIND [intransitive] if your heart or mind races, it works harder and faster than usual, for example because you are afraid or excited:
My heart was racing and my knees shook uncontrollably.
My mind was racing, trying to think where I had seen him before.
5. ENGINE [intransitive] if an engine races, it runs too fast
| I |
noun Sense 1, 3-6
Date: 1200-1300Language: Old Norse
Origin: ras 'going quickly, running'
Sense 2
Date: 1500-1600Language: French
Origin: Old Italian razza
in a race
race between
2. PEOPLE
a. [uncountable and countable] one of the main groups that humans can be divided into according to the colour of their skin and other physical features ⇨ ethnic group:
b. [singular] informal a group of people who are similar in some way
race of
3. GET/DO SOMETHING FIRST [singular] a situation in which one group of people tries to obtain or achieve something before another group does
the race to do something
4. DO SOMETHING QUICKLY [singular] a situation in which you have to do something very quickly because you have very little time available
a race to do something
race against time/against the clock
5. PRIZE/POWER [singular] a situation in which people are competing with each other to win a prize or obtain a position of power
race for
race to do something
6. HORSE RACE the races an occasion when horse races are held
at the races
⇨ play the race card at play1(14)
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verb1. SPORT
a. [intransitive and transitive] to compete against someone or something in a race
race against
race in
race somebody up/down something etc
b. [transitive] to use an animal or a vehicle to compete in a race:
2. MOVE QUICKLY [intransitive, transitive always + adverb/preposition] to move very quickly or take someone or something to a place very quickly:
race somebody to something etc
race to do something
3. DO SOMETHING QUICKLY [intransitive] to try to do something very quickly because you want to be the first to do it, or because there is very little time available
race to do something
race against time/the clock
4. HEART/MIND [intransitive] if your heart or mind races, it works harder and faster than usual, for example because you are afraid or excited:
5. ENGINE [intransitive] if an engine races, it runs too fast
Prejudice and racism 偏见与种族歧视
experience/encounter racism/discrimination/prejudice/anti-semitism经历／遭遇种族歧视／歧视／偏见／反犹太主义 face/suffer persecution/discrimination面临／遭受迫害／歧视 fear/escape from/flee racial/political/religious persecution惧怕／逃离种族／政治／宗教迫害 constitute/be a form of racial/race discrimination构成／是一种种族歧视 reflect/reveal/show/have a racial/cultural bias反映出／揭示出／表现出／具有种族／文化偏见 be biased/be prejudiced against ( black people/especially
BrE ( people of color/African Americans/Asians/Africans/Indians, etc.both especially
NAmE 对黑人／有色人种／非裔美国人／亚洲人／非洲人／印度人等有偏见 discriminate against minority groups/minorities歧视少数群体／少数民族 perpetuate/conform to/fit/defy a common/popular/traditional/negative stereotype固守／遵从／符合／藐视普遍的／流行的／传统的／负面的模式化观念 overcome/be blinded by deep-seated/racial/( race prejudiceespecially
NAmE 克服根深蒂固的／种族的偏见；被根深蒂固的／种族的偏见所蒙蔽 entrench/perpetuate racist attitudes固守种族主义的态度 hurl/shout ( racist abuse;especially
BrE ( a racist/racial/ethnic slurespecially
NAmE 高声地进行种族污辱 challenge/confront racism/discrimination/prejudice拒绝接受／对抗种族主义／歧视／偏见 combat/fight (against)/tackle blatant/overt/covert/subtle/institutional/systemic racism打压／反对／处理公然的／公开的／隐蔽的／微妙的／制度性的种族歧视
Race and society 种族和社会
damage/improve ( race relationsespecially
BrE 破坏／改善种族关系 practise/ ( especially
practice (racial/religious) tolerance/segregation实行（种族／宗教）容忍／隔离政策 bridge/break down/transcend cultural/racial barriers消除／打破／超越文化／种族隔阂 encourage/promote social integration鼓励／促进社会融合 outlaw/end discrimination/slavery/segregation取缔／终止歧视／奴隶制／种族隔离 promote/embrace/celebrate cultural diversity促进／欣然接纳／颂扬文化多样性 conform to/challenge/violate (accepted/established/prevailing/dominant) social/cultural norms遵循／挑战／违背（公认的／确立的／盛行的／占支配地位的）社会／文化规范 live in a multicultural society生活在多元文化社会 attack/criticize multiculturalism攻击／批评多元文化主义 fight for/struggle for/promote racial equality为种族平等而斗争；促进种族平等 perpetuate/reinforce economic and social inequality延续／加剧经济和社会的不平等 introduce/be for/be against ( positive discrimination/BrE ( affirmative actionespecially
NAmE 推行／支持／反对积极性区别对待政策 support/be active in/play a leading role in the civil rights movement支持／积极参与／领导民权运动
Immigration 移居
control/restrict/limit/encourage immigration控制／限制／鼓励外来移民 attract/draw a wave of immigrants吸引一批外来移民 assist/welcome refugees援助／欣然接受难民 house/shelter refugees and asylum seekers安置／庇护难民和寻求政治避难者 smuggle illegal immigrants into the UK偷运非法移民到英国 deport/repatriate illegal immigrants/failed asylum seekers驱逐／遣返非法移民／寻求政治避难失败者 assimilate/integrate new immigrants同化／融合新移民 employ/hire migrant workers雇用流动工人 exploit/rely on (cheap/illegal) immigrant labour/( laborespecially
剥削／依赖（廉价的／非法的）移民劳动力 apply for/gain/obtain/be granted/be denied (full) citizenship申请／获得／准予／未准予（完全的）公民身份 have/hold dual citizenship持有双重国籍
