raw
Longman Dictionary of Contemporary English 5++LDOCE 5++raw1 /rɔː $ rɒː/ ●●● W3 adjective 1 food 食物DF not cooked 生的，未煮过的 raw meat 生肉 grated raw carrots 磨碎的生胡萝卜 Cabbage can be eaten raw. 洋白菜可以生吃。2 substances 物质TIM raw substances are in a natural state and not treated or prepared for use 未经加工的，自然状态的 → refined raw silk 生丝 In its raw state, cocoa is very bitter. 未经加工的可可豆味道很苦。 Raw sewage had been dumped in the river. 未经处理的污水被排到河里。 The cost of our raw materials has risen significantly. 我们的原材料价格涨了很多。3 information 信息TC raw information is collected but not organized, examined, or developed 原始的；未经整理的；未经分析的 software to convert raw data into usable information 把原始数据转变成可用信息的软件 His time here provided the raw material for his novel. 他在这里的经历为他的小说提供了素材。 Warhol used everyday items as the raw ingredients of his art. 沃霍尔将日常物品用作艺术作品的素材。4 emotions 情感STRONG FEELING OR BELIEFSTRONG PERSON raw feelings are strong and natural, but not fully controlled 〔情感〕粗犷的；朴实自然的 raw passion 质朴的激情 Linda didn’t want to see Roy while her emotions were still raw. 琳达不想在情绪尚未平复时见罗伊。 It took raw courage to admit she was wrong. 她承认自己错了需要极大的勇气。5 body 身体MI if a part of your body is raw, the skin there is red and painful 又红又痛的，刺痛的 The skin on my feet was rubbed raw. 我脚上的皮肤被磨得又红又痛。6 inexperienced 没有经验的SETPM not experienced or not fully trained 没有经验的；未经充分训练的 Most of our soldiers are raw recruits. 我们的士兵大多数都是新兵。7 touch/hit a raw nerve UPSETto upset someone by something you say 〔说话〕触及〔某人的〕痛处 Seeing his face, Joanne realized she’d touched a raw nerve. 看到他的脸色，乔安娜意识到自己触到了他的痛处。8 raw deal UNFAIRunfair treatment 不公正的对待 Customers are getting a raw deal and are rightly angry. 顾客受到委屈，生气是理所当然的。9 weather 天气DN very cold 非常寒冷的 She shivered in the raw morning air. 清晨的寒气冻得她发抖。10 art 艺术 music, art, language etc that is raw is simple, direct, and powerful, but not fully developed 〔音乐、艺术、语言等〕质朴的，未经琢磨的 Her voice has a raw poetic beauty. 她的嗓音有一种质朴、诗意的美。 His early sketches are raw and unpretentious. 他早期的素描质朴而不做作。11 raw talent someone with raw talent is naturally good at something, but has not developed their ability yet 〔未发展的〕天生的才能 He has the raw talent to become a star. 他有当明星的潜质。12 raw edge the edge of a piece of material before it has been sewn 毛边 —rawness noun [uncountable]
Examples from the Corpus
raw• a raw account of poverty in the cities• His face was raw and blistered.• His beauty was of a different sort, raw and elegant.• Ghana still imports both raw and processed tobacco.• a salad made with nuts, raisins and raw carrots• Audiences admire his raw courage and daring.• Following her pointing finger, they went out into the raw desert, and dug in the sand.• Mayonnaise is traditionally made with raw eggs.• Sushi consists of raw fish and rice.• raw fish• raw, gusty winds• We were impressed by the singer's raw, husky voice.• They are the raw material of governor discussions.• Japan depends on the outside world for virtually all of its raw materials, including oil.• Knowledge, power and economic resources are the raw materials of social action, and they are all unequally available.• No longer is the customer at the end of the line, nor does the supplier only relate to raw materials.• Wash your hands and all cooking utensils and surfaces after preparing raw meat.• The story of the Unabomber crackles with the raw mystery and tension of a cops-and-robbers potboiler.• The Princess was wearing a dark green dress made of raw silk.• Left: The raw strength of Anjelica Huston.• Good coaches develop raw talent into seasoned players.• The dill sauce also works well as a dip with raw vegetables.• If you can't resist snacking between meals, eat something healthy such as fruit or raw vegetables.raw materials• No longer is the customer at the end of the line, nor does the supplier only relate to raw materials.• Or dealing with suppliers that ignore requests for raw materials.• Similarly, he has the rights and obligations of a buyer as against the person from whom he purchases his raw materials.• Cans are made of valuable raw materials - aluminium, steel and tin which are rarely recycled.• Tom has finally pleased the invisible hand by taking raw materials and producing something worth more than what he started with.• The range of raw materials for the body would be extensive.• And today is your final chance to glimpse these raw materials of our landscape.• Knowledge, power and economic resources are the raw materials of social action, and they are all unequally available.raw data• But Washington did not permit the export of software that would provide high-quality processing of the raw data.• It is no good saying that they will comprise raw data.• That is what will happen when we get what the hon. Gentleman describes as the raw data.• Purely descriptive studies serve as the raw data for those comparative studies that aspire to higher levels of explanation.• Scientists are analyzing raw data from the shuttle's telescope.• Data, raw data from which we have learned, seemingly, nothing.• Team one is responsible for the collection and analysis of raw data received from the volunteer force.• As he pores over all this raw data the field-worker discovers certain interesting patterns and principles in terms of which his information makes sense.• The raw data will be cleaned up to remove inconsistencies and ambiguities between the different surveys.raw2 noun 1 in the raw NATURAL2 catch/touch somebody on the raw British EnglishUPSET to say or do something that upsets someone 〔说话或做事〕触及某人的痛处From Longman Business Dictionaryrawraw /rɔːrɒː/ adjective [only before a noun]1MANUFACTURINGraw metals or other substances are in their natural state and have not been prepared or used to make anythingGerman companies produced 6.1% less raw iron in March.the export of raw logs2raw data/statistics etcSTATISTICS information that has not been arranged, checked, or prepared in any wayThe system collects raw data about which products a customer has purchased.Origin raw1 Old English hreawraw1 adjectiveraw2 nounChinese
cooked Corpus Business not
raw
raw1 W3 /rɔː $ rɒː/ 
adjective
raw meat
grated raw carrots
Cabbage can be eaten raw.
2. SUBSTANCES raw substances are in a natural state and not treated or prepared for use ⇨ refined:
raw silk
In its raw state, cocoa is very bitter.
Raw sewage had been dumped in the river.
The cost of our raw materials has risen significantly.
3. INFORMATION raw information is collected but not organized, examined, or developed:
software to convert raw data into usable information
His time here provided the raw material for his novel.
Warhol used everyday items as the raw ingredients of his art.
4. EMOTIONS raw feelings are strong and natural, but not fully controlled:
raw passion
Linda didn’t want to see Roy while her emotions were still raw.
It took raw courage to admit she was wrong.
5. BODY if a part of your body is raw, the skin there is red and painful:
The skin on my feet was rubbed raw.
6. INEXPERIENCED not experienced or not fully trained:
Most of our soldiers are raw recruits.
7. touch/hit a raw nerve to upset someone by something you say:
Seeing his face, Joanne realized she’d touched a raw nerve.
8. raw deal unfair treatment:
Customers are getting a raw deal and are rightly angry.
9. WEATHER very cold:
She shivered in the raw morning air.
10. ART music, art, language etc that is raw is simple, direct, and powerful, but not fully developed:
Her voice has a raw poetic beauty.
His early sketches are raw and unpretentious.
11. raw talent someone with raw talent is naturally good at something, but has not developed their ability yet:
He has the raw talent to become a star.
12. raw edge the edge of a piece of material before it has been sewn:
Turn over the raw edges and stitch.
—rawness noun [uncountable]
raw2 noun
1. in the raw
a. seen in a way that does not hide cruelty and violence:
He went on the streets to experience life in the raw.
It was my first exposure to India in the raw.
b. informal not wearing any clothes
SYN in the nude:
sunbathing in the raw
2. catch/touch somebody on the raw British English to say or do something that upsets someone:
She flinched, caught on the raw by his question.
| I |
adjective Language: Old English
Origin: hreaw
1. FOOD not cooked:Origin: hreaw
2. SUBSTANCES raw substances are in a natural state and not treated or prepared for use ⇨ refined:
3. INFORMATION raw information is collected but not organized, examined, or developed:
4. EMOTIONS raw feelings are strong and natural, but not fully controlled:
5. BODY if a part of your body is raw, the skin there is red and painful:
6. INEXPERIENCED not experienced or not fully trained:
7. touch/hit a raw nerve to upset someone by something you say:
8. raw deal unfair treatment:
9. WEATHER very cold:
10. ART music, art, language etc that is raw is simple, direct, and powerful, but not fully developed:
11. raw talent someone with raw talent is naturally good at something, but has not developed their ability yet:
12. raw edge the edge of a piece of material before it has been sewn:
—rawness noun [uncountable]
| II |
noun1. in the raw
a. seen in a way that does not hide cruelty and violence:
b. informal not wearing any clothes
SYN in the nude:
2. catch/touch somebody on the raw British English to say or do something that upsets someone:
painful causing you physical pain 指使人肉体上疼痛的 NOTE Painful can describe a part of the body, illness, injury, treatment or death.* painful 可用于描述身体部位、疾病、受伤、治疗或死亡等 ：◆ Is your knee still painful? 你的膝盖还疼吗？ ◆ a series of painful injections 一次又一次令人痛苦的注射 ◆ a slow and painful death 缓慢而痛苦的死亡 sore (of a part of the body) painful and often red, especially because of infection or because a muscle has been used too much 指（身体部位）发炎疼痛的、肌肉酸痛的 ：◆ a sore throat 咽喉疼 ◆ Their feet were sore after hours of walking. 他们走了几小时的路，脚都走疼了。 raw (of a part of the body) red and painful, for example because of an infection or because the skin has been damaged 指（身体部位）红肿疼痛的、破损的、擦伤的 ：◆ The skin on her feet had been rubbed raw. 她脚上的皮磨破了。 inflamed (of a part of the body) painful, red and hot because of an infection or injury 指（身体部位）发炎的、红肿的 ：◆ The wound had become inflamed. 伤口发炎了。 excruciating extremely painful 指极痛苦的、极苦恼的 NOTE Excruciating can describe feelings, treatments or death but not parts of the body.* excruciating 可用于描述情感、治疗或死亡，而非身体部位 ：◆ an excruciating throat/back/knee burning painful and giving a feeling of being very hot 指火辣辣地痛的 ：◆ She felt a burning sensation in her throat. 她感到咽喉火辣辣的疼。 itchy giving an uncomfortable feeling on your skin that makes you want to scratch; having this feeling 指发痒的 ：◆ an itchy rash 发痒的皮疹 ◆ I feel itchy all over. 我觉得浑身发痒。
Patterns
sore/inflamed/itchy eyes raw/inflamed/itchy skin a painful/an excruciating death a painful/burning sensation excruciating/burning pain
especially