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    refuse

    Longman Dictionary of Contemporary English 5++朗文当代英语 5++LDOCE 5++朗文 5++re·fuse1 /rɪˈfjuːz/ ●●● S2 W1 verb  1  [intransitive]REFUSE to say firmly that you will not do something that someone has asked you to do 拒绝，回绝 She asked him to leave, but he refused. 她叫他走，但他不肯。refuse to do somethingn The chairman refused to answer any more questions. I absolutely refuse to take part in anything illegal. 我绝不愿意参加任何违法活动。flatly refuse/refuse point-blank (to do something) (=refuse immediately and directly without giving a reason) 断然拒绝（做某事） Mom flatly refused to go back into the hospital. 妈妈断然拒绝再进医院。5 When he offered all that money, I could hardly refuse (= could not refuse ) , could I?他愿意给那么多钱，我怎么可能拒绝呢？2  [intransitive, transitive]REFUSE to say no to something that you have been offered 不接受，拒绝﹝别人给的东西﹞ SYN turn down She refused a second piece of cake. 她谢绝了第二块蛋糕。 The offer seemed too good to refuse. 报价太优惠了，让人难以拒绝。n When they offered all that money, I could hardly refuse, could I? (=it was very unlikely that you would refuse) →4  See picture of 见图 OFFER 13  [transitive]REFUSE to not give or allow someone something that they want, especially when they have asked for it officially 拒绝给〔所要求之物〕refuse somebody something She was refused a work permit. 她申请工作许可证被拒绝了。n COLLOCATIONSadverbsstubbornly refuseHe stubbornly refused to pay the fine.adamantly refuse formal (=in a determined way)They are still adamantly refusing to release the data to the general public.steadfastly refuse (=refuse, and continue to refuse)She steadfastly refused to marry him.consistently refusePoliticians have consistently refused to listen to us.flatly refuse (=in a firm and definite way)He flatly refused to tell me anything.simply refuse (=used for emphasis)Some children simply refuse to do what they’re told.refuse point-blank (=directly and without explanation)I refused point-blank to let him in.phrasessomebody can hardly refuse (=it would be unreasonable or very difficult to refuse)Going out was the last thing I wanted to do, but I could hardly refuse. THESAURUSrefuse to say firmly that you will not do something that someone has asked you to do 拒绝，回绝I asked the bank for a loan, but they refused. 我申请银行贷款，但被拒绝了。When they refused to leave, we had to call the police. 他们不肯离开，我们只得报警。say no spoken to say that you will not do something when someone asks you 说不They asked me so nicely that I couldn’t really say no. 他们如此恳切相求，我真的没法拒绝。turn somebody/something down to refuse to accept an offer or invitation, or a formal request 拒绝某人/某事物〔指提议、邀请或正式要求〕They offered me the job but I turned it down. 他们给我这份工作，不过我拒绝了。The board turned down a request for $25,000 to sponsor an art exhibition. 董事会拒绝了出资2.5万美元赞助一项艺术展的请求。nI’ve already been turned down by three colleges.reject to refuse to accept an idea, offer, suggestion, or plan 拒绝接受〔想法、提议、建议或计划〕They rejected the idea because it would cost too much money. 他们没有接受这个主意，因为耗资太大。The Senate rejected a proposal to limit the program to two years. 参议院拒绝了将该计划限定在两年内的提议。decline formal to politely refuse to accept an offer or invitation, or refuse to do something 谢绝〔提议或邀请〕；礼貌地拒绝She has declined all offers of help. 她谢绝了所有人的帮助。A palace spokesman declined to comment on the rumours. 宫廷发言人拒绝对传言发表评论。deny to refuse to allow someone to do something or enter somewhere 拒绝〔某人做某事或进入某地〕They were denied permission to publish the book. 他们没有获准出版这本书。He was denied access to the US. 他被拒绝进入美国。veto to officially refuse to allow a law or plan, or to refuse to accept someone’s suggestion 否决〔法律或计划〕；反对〔某人的建议〕Congress vetoed the bill. 国会否决了这项议案。The suggestion was quickly vetoed by the other members of the team. 这条建议很快遭到了队友的反对。disallow to officially refuse to accept something because someone has broken the rules, or not done it in the correct way 〔因违反规则或做法不正确而〕不承认，不接受The goal was disallowed by the referee. 这个进球被裁判判为无效。The court decided to disallow his evidence. 法庭裁决对他的证词不予采信。rebuff formal to refuse to accept someone’s offer, request, or suggestion 回绝〔某人的提议或要求〕The company raised its offer to $6 billion, but was rebuffed. 该公司将出价提高到60亿美元，但遭到回绝。He was politely rebuffed when he suggested holding the show in Dublin. 他建议在都柏林上演这出戏，但被婉言拒绝。give somebody/something the thumbs down informal to refuse to allow or accept a plan or suggestion 反对[拒绝]某人/某事物〔指计划或建议〕The plan was given the thumbs down by the local authority. 该计划遭到地方当局反对。They gave us the thumbs down. 他们拒绝了我们。→ See Verb table
    Examples from the Corpus
    refuse• The offer was so good how could I refuse?• It is understood that a number of applications for advance clearance under s 707 for such arrangements have been refused.• He tried to persuade her to come with him, but she refused.• I asked Stevie if she would help us, but she refused.• He never refuses a drink, does he?• The 1976 Act also makes a radical change as regards the grounds for granting or refusing an application for a licence.• You wouldn't refuse an old friend a favour, would you?• He flatly refuses any offers of financial help.• The city is refusing contracts to firms that do not practice an equal opportunities policy.• Sutton refused food in protest against conditions in the prison.• He was unable to attend the meeting in Moscow, because the Russian authorities had refused him a visa.• She refused his advances and confounded a multitude of scholars assembled by him to overcome her scruples.• Judge Eyck refused his request for bail.• Over 2,000 applications for political asylum were refused last year.• Some banks are threatening to refuse loans to anyone who cannot provide suitable guarantees.• Under the law, doctors cannot refuse patients access to their own medical records.• Ms. Knight refused to accept the manager's apology.• Players were pressing and self-doubt was evident, especially when shots refused to drop.• Via his lawyer, Sam refused to give Clare money because he didn't want a divorce.• The church refused to give legitimacy to the new state.• If they refuse to leave, call the police.• The following day, doctors at Great Ormond Street Hospital refused to operate because the parents had not given consent.• Mother flatly refused to see the doctor.• The charge was dropped when Lewinksy refused to testify.• The committee was forcing Dozoretz to attend Thursday's hearing to publicly refuse to testify.refuse to do something• We have promised to tell each other if the doctors refuse to.• A vocal minority refused to agree.• Steen refused to answer any questions.• Duffy refuses to fall into the trap of spoon-feeding the material to passive students, which only increases their passivity.• I know from experience that fear can be handled if you refuse to let it take over.• Even as the day began, rumours were rife that the band had refused to play.• Boseman was kicked out of practice on Tuesday for refusing to take a charge against huge forward Maurice Strong.• But no party is willing to refuse to take advantage of these loopholes when the other party is doing it.• The hospital is refusing to take non-emergency patients.refuse somebody something• Immigration authorities refused him a visa.    ref·use2 /ˈrefjuːs/ noun [uncountable] formal  waste material that has been thrown away 垃圾，废弃物 SYN British English rubbish, American English trash, garbage a refuse dump 垃圾场household/domestic refuse 家庭/生活垃圾 refuse collection 垃圾收集
    Examples from the Corpus
    refuse• Refuse collection has been seriously affected by the strike.• Heaps of decaying refuse littered every street.• This was made up of the organic residues of farms, forestry, industry and domestic refuse.• Workers on Monday mucked out basement and main-floor refuse left by the water.• facilities for recycling household refuse• Paul's guide to this mighty sauce is three large refuse sacks of breadcrumbs to 60 pints of milk.• We are gradually developing safer and more effective methods of refuse disposal.• The colonies were a disposal area for social refuse.household/domestic refuse• This was made up of the organic residues of farms, forestry, industry and domestic refuse.• Unlike habitation sites, they have little domestic refuse and, unlike cemetery sites, they do not normally contain burials.• This aims to reduce the mounting flood of household refuse, which currently stands at 70 million tonnes a year.• Talk is of household refuse trains going back to the moth-balled Gobowen to Nanbrynmawr line - from Manchester.• As with domestic refuse, the problems of methane gas generation also exist when disposing of industrial waste underground.    Origin refuse1 (1300-1400) Old French refuser, from Latin refundere “to pour back” refuse2 (1300-1400) Old French refus, from refuser; → REFUSE1
    re·fuse1 verb →n COLLOCATIONS1 →THESAURUS1ref·use2 nounLDOCE OnlineChineseSyllable
    to firmly you say that Corpus will


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    refuse
    I
    re‧fuse1 S2 W1 /rɪˈfjuːz/ verb
     Date: 1300-1400
     Language: Old French
     Origin: refuser, from Latin refundere 'to pour back'
    1. [intransitive] to say firmly that you will not do something that someone has asked you to do:
        She asked him to leave, but he refused.
        refuse to do something
        I absolutely refuse to take part in anything illegal.
        flatly refuse/refuse point-blank (to do something) (=refuse immediately and directly without giving a reason)
        Mom flatly refused to go back into the hospital.
        When he offered all that money, I could hardly refuse (=could not refuse), could I?
    2. [intransitive and transitive] to say no to something that you have been offered
       SYN  turn down:
        She refused a second piece of cake.
        The offer seemed too good to refuse.
    3. [transitive] to not give or allow someone something that they want, especially when they have asked for it officially
        refuse somebody something
        She was refused a work permit.
         
    COLLOCATIONS
    ■ adverbs
       ▪ stubbornly refuse He stubbornly refused to pay the fine.
       ▪ adamantly refuse formal (=in a determined way) They are still adamantly refusing to release the data to the general public.
       ▪ steadfastly refuse (=refuse, and continue to refuse) She steadfastly refused to marry him.
       ▪ consistently refuse Politicians have consistently refused to listen to us.
       ▪ flatly refuse (=in a firm and definite way) He flatly refused to tell me anything.
       ▪ simply refuse (=used for emphasis) Some children simply refuse to do what they’re told.
       ▪ refuse point-blank (=directly and without explanation) I refused point-blank to let him in.
    ■ phrases
       ▪ somebody can hardly refuse (=it would be unreasonable or very difficult to refuse) Going out was the last thing I wanted to do, but I could hardly refuse.
         
    THESAURUS
       ▪ refuse to say firmly that you will not do something that someone has asked you to do: I asked the bank for a loan, but they refused. | When they refused to leave, we had to call the police.
       ▪ say no spoken to say that you will not do something when someone asks you: They asked me so nicely that I couldn’t really say no.
       ▪ turn somebody/something down to refuse to accept an offer or invitation, or a formal request: They offered me the job but I turned it down. | The board turned down a request for $25,000 to sponsor an art exhibition. | I’ve already been turned down by three colleges.
       ▪ reject to refuse to accept an idea, offer, suggestion, or plan: They rejected the idea because it would cost too much money. | The Senate rejected a proposal to limit the program to two years.
       ▪ decline formal to politely refuse to accept an offer or invitation, or refuse to do something: She has declined all offers of help. | A palace spokesman declined to comment on the rumours.
       ▪ deny to refuse to allow someone to do something or enter somewhere: They were denied permission to publish the book. | He was denied access to the US.
       ▪ veto to officially refuse to allow a law or plan, or to refuse to accept someone’s suggestion: Congress vetoed the bill. | The suggestion was quickly vetoed by the other members of the team.
       ▪ disallow to officially refuse to accept something because someone has broken the rules, or not done it in the correct way: The goal was disallowed by the referee. | The court decided to disallow his evidence.
       ▪ rebuff formal to refuse to accept someone’s offer, request, or suggestion: The company raised its offer to $6 billion, but was rebuffed. | He was politely rebuffed when he suggested holding the show in Dublin.
       ▪ give somebody/something the thumbs down informal to refuse to allow or accept a plan or suggestion: The plan was given the thumbs down by the local authority. | They gave us the thumbs down.

    II
    ref‧use2 /ˈrefjuːs/ noun [uncountable] formal
     Date: 1300-1400
     Language: Old French
     Origin: refus, from refuser; ⇨ refuse1
    waste material that has been thrown away
       SYN  rubbish British English, trash, garbage American English:
        a refuse dump
        household/domestic refuse
        refuse collection
         
    THESAURUS
       ▪ rubbish especially British English things that people throw away, such as old food, dirty paper etc: People are being encouraged to recycle their household rubbish. | the rubbish bin
       ▪ garbage/trash American English rubbish: The garbage is collected every Tuesday. | There were piles of trash in the backyard. | a black plastic garbage bag
       ▪ refuse formal rubbish: The strike has disrupted refuse collection. | It’s a site which is used for domestic refuse.
       ▪ litter empty bottles, pieces of paper etc that people have dropped on the ground: Parents should teach children not to drop litter. | There was a lot of litter on the beach.
       ▪ waste rubbish, or materials that need to be dealt with after they have been used in industrial processes: nuclear waste | toxic waste | household waste | The company was fined for dumping toxic waste in the sea.


    verb,
    noun
    🔑 re·fuse1BrE /rɪˈfjuːz/ 🔊NAmE /rɪˈfjuːz/ 🔊 verbpresent simple - I / you / we / they refuse BrE /rɪˈfjuːz/ 🔊 NAmE /rɪˈfjuːz/ 🔊present simple - he / she / it refuses BrE /rɪˈfjuːzɪz/ 🔊 NAmE /rɪˈfjuːzɪz/ 🔊past simple refused BrE /rɪˈfjuːzd/ 🔊 NAmE /rɪˈfjuːzd/ 🔊past participle refused BrE /rɪˈfjuːzd/ 🔊 NAmE /rɪˈfjuːzd/ 🔊 -ing form refusing BrE /rɪˈfjuːzɪŋ/ 🔊 NAmE /rɪˈfjuːzɪŋ/ 🔊🔑 [intransitive, transitive] to say that you will not do sth that sb has asked you to do 拒绝；回绝◆Go on, ask her; she can hardly refuse. 去吧，去求她，她不大可能拒绝。🔊🔊◆~ to do sth He flatly refused to discuss the matter. 他断然拒绝商讨这件事。🔊🔊◆She refused to accept that there was a problem. 她拒不承认有问题存在。🔊🔊<titled tranID="29" status="2">Decorating and home improvement<chnsep> </chnsep><chn>装饰和改善房屋</chn></titled>

    Houses 房屋

    • refurbish/renovate/ (BrE) do up a building/a house 整修／翻新／修缮楼房／房屋
    • convert a building/house/room into homes/offices/(especially NAmE) apartments/(BrE) flats 把楼房／房子／房间／改建成住房／办公室／公寓
    • extend/enlarge a house/building/room/kitchen 扩建／扩大房屋／楼房／房间／厨房
    • build (BrE) an extension (to the back/rear of a house)/(NAmE) an addition (on/to sth)/(BrE) a conservatory （在房子后面）扩建；（在某处）增建；建造暖房
    • knock down/demolish a house/home/building/wall 推倒／拆除房子／住房／楼房／墙壁
    • knock out/through the wall separating two rooms 将两个房间的隔墙打通

    Decoration 装饰

    • furnish/paint/ (especially BrE) decorate a home/a house/an apartment/a flat/a room 布置／油漆／装饰住房／房子／公寓／房间
    • be decorated in bright colours/(especially US) colors/in a traditional style/with flowers/with paintings 用明亮的色彩／传统风格／花朵／绘画装饰
    • paint/plaster the walls/ceiling 给墙壁／天花板上刷油漆／抹灰
    • hang/put up/strip off/remove the wallpaper 贴／去除墙纸
    • install/replace/remove the bathroom fixtures/(BrE) fittings 安装／更换／拆除浴室的固定装置／附加设备
    • build/put up shelves 搭架子
    • lay wooden flooring/timber decking/floor tiles/a carpet/a patio 铺设木地板／平台木板／地砖／地毯／露台
    • put up/hang/take down a picture/painting/poster/curtain 挂上／取下图画／绘画／海报／帘子

    DIY/home improvement 自己动手；房屋改造

    • do (BrE) DIY/carpentry/the plumbing/the wiring 自己动手做；做木匠活；铺设管道；铺设线路
    • make home improvements 改造房屋
    • add/install central heating/underfloor heating/insulation 添加／安装中央供暖系统／地暖系统／隔热材料
    • fit/install double-glazing/a smoke alarm 安装双层玻璃／烟雾报警器
    • insulate your house/your home/the walls/the pipes/the tanks/(especially BrE) the loft 在房子／住房／墙壁／管道／热水箱／阁楼里加隔热装置
    • fix/repair a roof/a leak/a pipe/the plumbing/a leaking (especially BrE) tap/(NAmE usually) faucet 维修房顶／裂缝／管子／管道系统／漏水的水龙头
    • block/clog (up)/unblock/unclog a pipe/sink 堵住／疏通管道／洗涤池
    • make/drill/fill a hole 开／钻／填一个洞
    • hammer (in)/pull out/remove a nail 锤进／拔出钉子
    • tighten/untighten/loosen/remove a screw 拧紧／拧松／拧开螺丝钉
    • saw/cut/treat/stain/varnish/paint wood 锯／切割／加工木料；给木料上色／上清漆／上油漆
    🔑 [transitive] ~ sth to say that you do not want sth that has been offered to you 推却；回绝 SYN turn sb/sth↔down ◆I politely refused their invitation. 我礼貌地回绝了他们的邀请。🔊🔊◆The job offer was simply too good to refuse. 这个工作机会太好了，简直无法推掉。🔊🔊🔑 [transitive] to say that you will not allow sth; to say that you will not give or allow sb sth that they want or need 不准许；拒绝给（所需之物） SYN deny ◆~ sth The bank refused his demand for a full refund. 银行拒绝了他全额退款的要求。🔊🔊◆The authorities refused permission for the new housing development. 当局不允许新住宅开发。🔊🔊◆~ sb sth They refused him a visa. 他们拒绝给他签证。🔊🔊◆She would never refuse her kids anything. 她对孩子百依百顺。🔊🔊<titled tranID="29" status="2">Decorating and home improvement<chnsep> </chnsep><chn>装饰和改善房屋</chn></titled>

    Houses 房屋

    • refurbish/renovate/ (BrE) do up a building/a house 整修／翻新／修缮楼房／房屋
    • convert a building/house/room into homes/offices/(especially NAmE) apartments/(BrE) flats 把楼房／房子／房间／改建成住房／办公室／公寓
    • extend/enlarge a house/building/room/kitchen 扩建／扩大房屋／楼房／房间／厨房
    • build (BrE) an extension (to the back/rear of a house)/(NAmE) an addition (on/to sth)/(BrE) a conservatory （在房子后面）扩建；（在某处）增建；建造暖房
    • knock down/demolish a house/home/building/wall 推倒／拆除房子／住房／楼房／墙壁
    • knock out/through the wall separating two rooms 将两个房间的隔墙打通

    Decoration 装饰

    • furnish/paint/ (especially BrE) decorate a home/a house/an apartment/a flat/a room 布置／油漆／装饰住房／房子／公寓／房间
    • be decorated in bright colours/(especially US) colors/in a traditional style/with flowers/with paintings 用明亮的色彩／传统风格／花朵／绘画装饰
    • paint/plaster the walls/ceiling 给墙壁／天花板上刷油漆／抹灰
    • hang/put up/strip off/remove the wallpaper 贴／去除墙纸
    • install/replace/remove the bathroom fixtures/(BrE) fittings 安装／更换／拆除浴室的固定装置／附加设备
    • build/put up shelves 搭架子
    • lay wooden flooring/timber decking/floor tiles/a carpet/a patio 铺设木地板／平台木板／地砖／地毯／露台
    • put up/hang/take down a picture/painting/poster/curtain 挂上／取下图画／绘画／海报／帘子

    DIY/home improvement 自己动手；房屋改造

    • do (BrE) DIY/carpentry/the plumbing/the wiring 自己动手做；做木匠活；铺设管道；铺设线路
    • make home improvements 改造房屋
    • add/install central heating/underfloor heating/insulation 添加／安装中央供暖系统／地暖系统／隔热材料
    • fit/install double-glazing/a smoke alarm 安装双层玻璃／烟雾报警器
    • insulate your house/your home/the walls/the pipes/the tanks/(especially BrE) the loft 在房子／住房／墙壁／管道／热水箱／阁楼里加隔热装置
    • fix/repair a roof/a leak/a pipe/the plumbing/a leaking (especially BrE) tap/(NAmE usually) faucet 维修房顶／裂缝／管子／管道系统／漏水的水龙头
    • block/clog (up)/unblock/unclog a pipe/sink 堵住／疏通管道／洗涤池
    • make/drill/fill a hole 开／钻／填一个洞
    • hammer (in)/pull out/remove a nail 锤进／拔出钉子
    • tighten/untighten/loosen/remove a screw 拧紧／拧松／拧开螺丝钉
    • saw/cut/treat/stain/varnish/paint wood 锯／切割／加工木料；给木料上色／上清漆／上油漆
    re·fuse2BrE /ˈrefjuːs/ 🔊NAmE /ˈrefjuːs/ 🔊 noun [uncountable] (formal) waste material that has been thrown away 废弃物；垃圾 SYN rubbish ◆domestic/household refuse 生活垃圾◆the city refuse dump城市垃圾场◆refuse collection/disposal 垃圾收集／处理<titled tranID="9" status="1">rubbish / garbage / trash / refuse</titled>
    • Rubbish is the usual word in BrE for the things that you throw away because you no longer want or need them. Garbage and trash are both used in NAmE. Inside the home, garbage tends to mean waste food and other wet material, while trash is paper, cardboard and dry material. 在英式英语中，rubbish 为常用词，指垃圾、废物。garbage 和 trash 均用于美式英语。生活垃圾中，garbage 多指废弃的食物和其他湿物质，而 trash 则指废弃的纸、硬纸板和干物质。
    • In BrE, you put your rubbish in a dustbin in the street to be collected by the dustmen. In NAmE, your garbage and trash goes in a garbage/trash can in the street and is collected by garbage men/collectors. 在英式英语中，垃圾为 rubbish，街上的垃圾桶为 dustbin，清除垃圾的工人叫 dustman。在美式英语中，垃圾为 garbage 和 trash，街上的垃圾桶为 garbage/trash can，清除垃圾的工人叫 garbage man/collector。
    • Refuse is a formal word and is used in both BrE and NAmE. Refuse collector is the formal word for a dustman or garbage collector. * refuse 为正式用语，用于英式英语和美式英语均可。refuse collector 为 dustman 或 garbage collector 的正式说法。
    <titled tranID="9" status="1">rubbish / garbage / trash / refuse</titled>
    • Rubbish is the usual word in BrE for the things that you throw away because you no longer want or need them. Garbage and trash are both used in NAmE. Inside the home, garbage tends to mean waste food and other wet material, while trash is paper, cardboard and dry material. 在英式英语中，rubbish 为常用词，指垃圾、废物。garbage 和 trash 均用于美式英语。生活垃圾中，garbage 多指废弃的食物和其他湿物质，而 trash 则指废弃的纸、硬纸板和干物质。
    • In BrE, you put your rubbish in a dustbin in the street to be collected by the dustmen. In NAmE, your garbage and trash goes in a garbage/trash can in the street and is collected by garbage men/collectors. 在英式英语中，垃圾为 rubbish，街上的垃圾桶为 dustbin，清除垃圾的工人叫 dustman。在美式英语中，垃圾为 garbage 和 trash，街上的垃圾桶为 garbage/trash can，清除垃圾的工人叫 garbage man/collector。
    • Refuse is a formal word and is used in both BrE and NAmE. Refuse collector is the formal word for a dustman or garbage collector. * refuse 为正式用语，用于英式英语和美式英语均可。refuse collector 为 dustman 或 garbage collector 的正式说法。