rock

 Longman Dictionary of Contemporary English 5++朗文当代英语 5++LDOCE 5++朗文 5++

Related topics: Geology, Nature, Music, Food

rock1 /rɒk $ rɑːk/ ●●● S2 W2 noun  1  stone 石头 a) [uncountable]HEG the hard substance that forms the main surface of the Earth 岩石 → stone To build the tunnel, they had to cut through 500 feet of solid rock. 为了建这条隧道，他们不得不凿穿500英尺的坚硬岩石。 Most of the country is desert and bare rock. 这个国家大部分地区都是沙漠和裸露的岩石。 massive rock formations (=shapes made naturally from rock) 巨大的岩层 ancient dark volcanic rock 古老的黑色火山岩 b) [countable]DN a piece of rock, especially a large one that sticks up from the ground 〔尤指凸出地面的〕岩块，大石块 Jack stood on a rock for a better view. 杰克站在一块大石头上，以便看得更清楚。 During the storm a ship had been driven onto the rocks (=a line of rocks under or next to the sea). 暴风雨中有一艘船触礁了。 →4  See picture of 见图 STONE 12  music 音乐 [uncountable] (also rock music)APM a type of popular modern music with a strong loud beat, played using guitars and drums 摇滚乐rock band/group Komuro formed a rock band with some friends while in college. 小室在大学时期和几个朋友组建了一支摇滚乐队。 the late rock star, Freddie Mercury 已故摇滚乐明星弗雷迪·默丘利 The stadium has hosted numerous rock concerts. 这个体育场举行过许多场摇滚乐音乐会。 → hard rock, → punk rock at punk(1)3  (as) solid/steady as a rock a) STRONG OBJECTvery strongly built or well supported and not likely to break or fall 坚如磐石/稳如磐石 a large sofa, solid as a rock 一张稳如磐石的大沙发 b) STRONG PERSONsomeone who is as solid or steady as a rock is very strong and calm in difficult situations and you can depend on them 〔指人面对困难时〕坚定镇静的 → rock-solid4  [singular] someone who always gives you support and who you can depend on 可靠的人 My sister has always been my rock. 姐姐始终是我可以依靠的人。5  be on the rocks informalFAIL a relationship or business that is on the rocks is having a lot of problems and is likely to fail soon 〔关系〕濒临破裂；〔企业〕濒临破产 SYN in trouble I’m afraid Tim’s marriage is on the rocks. 蒂姆的婚姻恐怕是快破裂了。6. scotch/vodka etc on the rocks informalDFD an alcoholic drink that is served with ice but no water 加冰块的苏格兰威士忌/伏特加等7  sweet food 甜食 [uncountable] British EnglishDF a hard sweet made in long round pieces 棒形硬糖 a stick of rock 一条硬棒糖8  drug 毒品 a) [uncountable] a very pure form of the illegal drug cocaine that some people use for pleasure 石毒〔结晶体可卡因〕 b) [countable] a small amount of this drug 少量石毒9. be (stuck) between a rock and a hard place CHOOSEto have a choice between two things, both of which are unpleasant or dangerous 左右为难，进退维谷10. get your rocks off informal not politeSEX/HAVE SEX WITH if a man gets his rocks off, he has sex 〔男人〕发生性行为11. jewel 珠宝 [countable usually plural] old-fashioned informalHEG a diamond or other jewel 钻石；宝石n COLLOCATIONSadjectivessolid rockSteps had been carved out of the solid rock.bare rock (=not covered by soil)Here there was only bare rock and gravel.volcanic rockThe fossils are sandwiched between two layers of volcanic rock.molten rock (=rock that is so hot it is liquid)Molten rock flowed into these cracks.rock + NOUNa rock formationThere are marvellous views of impressive rock formations.verbsrock forms/is formedFrom the texture of the rock we can tell how it was formed.something erodes rock (=it gradually removes the surface of the rock)Rainwater drained away, forming streams and rivers that began to erode the rock.rock erodes (away) (=its surface is gradually removed because of the action of water, wind etc )The rocks had eroded away over the years.phrasesa lump/piece of rockHis leg was trapped under a large lump of rock.a layer of rockYou can see six layers of rock in the cliff.an outcrop of rock (=a mass of rock that sticks up above the ground)The gulls nested on a outcrop of rock.n THESAURUSrock a piece of the hard substance that forms the main surface of the Earth. In British English, rocks are too large to pick up, but in American English, they can either be large or smallthe rocks along the riverbanksstone a small piece of rock, found on the ground or near the surface of the ground. Speakers of American English are more likely to use the word rock than stoneThe children were throwing stones into the water.boulder a large round piece of rockShe climbed over a few boulders at the edge of the sea.pebble a small smooth stone found especially on a beach or on the bottom of a riverThe beach was covered with smooth white pebbles.fossil a rock which has the shape of an animal or plant that lived many thousands of years agofossils of early reptiles

Examples from the Corpus

rock• Eugene stood on a rock and called for help.• a rock concert• It must be practical enough to reach between rocks and plants.• Fearing the ships might founder on coastal rocks, the admiral summoned all his navigators to put their heads together.• igneous rock• Only then comes the point where the crust finally ends and the mantle rock begins.• Some volcanoes produce only one kind of rock during their entire lives, but others show an impressive diversity.• Geologists study the exposed sections of rock.• KXCI plays rock, blues, jazz, world beat, and folk music.• The Cliff Palace was cut into the rock, round rooms and towers, walls with irregular openings.• Come up on to the top of the rock!• Those rocks and boulders were like mountains.the rocks• From here I watch a patrol of pelicans skim the ocean surface while waves crash against the rocks.• There is good landing under the wall among the rocks.• So, whether I liked it or not, there was nothing for it but to face the rocks.• She had to get them away from the rocks that edged the shore like jagged teeth.• Such hard evidence could only come from the rocks.• The string, caught in the rocks of the gorge, had snapped.• We tied up our beasts, sat on the rocks and ate.• A ship had been driven onto the rocks during the storm.• He threw the bow anchor toward the rocks of the Jetties, and it caught on the first try.rock concerts• He is presently covering rock concerts for Kendal council who are hosting an exhibition of his work later in the year.• Think of rock concerts where they have those banks of giant speakers grouped together on the stage.• They saw their share of drug parties, rock concerts and anti-war demonstrations.• If you wonder where they got the money, and I always do wonder, Rob promotes rock concerts.• Match receipts slumped by £89,000 compared to 1991, but profits were boosted by staging two Simply Red rock concerts.• Large conventions are spectacular rock concerts are held in the 12,000 seat Arena.stick of rock• She rolled his stiffened cue around her mouth, and licked at the hardness like a child savouring a stick of rock.• All 48 people who took an active part in last night's exercise were given a New Brighton stick of rock.

Related topics: Earth sciences

rock2 ●○○ verb  1  [intransitive, transitive]MOVE/CHANGE POSITION to move gently backwards and forwards or from side to side, or to make something do this （使）来回摆动，（使）摇摆 → sway She covered her face, rocking to and fro in her grief. 她捂住脸，悲痛得身体不住地来回晃动。 The waves rocked the boat from side to side. 波浪使小船左摇右晃。 Paul sat gently rocking the child in his arms. 保罗坐着，轻轻摇晃怀里的孩子。 Jim rocked with laughter when he heard what had happened. 吉姆听了发生的事情后笑得前仰后合。► see thesaurus at move2  [transitive]SHOCK a) to make the people in a place or organization feel very shocked – used in news reports 使震惊，使震动〔用于新闻报道中〕 SYN shake The scandal rocked the nation. 丑闻震惊全国。 b) to make the future of something seem less certain or steady than it was before, especially because of problems or changes 动摇 SYN shake Another financial blow has rocked the industry. 又一次金融冲击动摇了这个行业。 The theory rocked the foundations of social and moral life. 这一理论动摇了社会生活和道德生活的根基。3  rock the boat informalPROBLEM to cause problems for other members of a group by criticizing something or trying to change the way something is done 〔通过批评某事或试图改变做事方式而〕生事；找麻烦 He kept his feelings to himself, not wanting to rock the boat. 他没有把自己的感受说出来，免得惹是生非。4  [transitive]HE if an explosion or earthquake rocks an area, it makes it shake 〔爆炸或地震〕使剧烈震动 Residents had only a few minutes to escape before the blast rocked their houses. 居民只有几分钟的逃离时间，随后爆炸就把房屋震得摇来晃去。5. somebody/something rocks spoken informal said to show that you strongly approve of someone or something 某人/某事很有道理6. rock somebody’s world informal to cause someone to think about something or someone in a completely new way 动摇某人的世界〔使其以全新方式考虑某事物或某人〕n7  rock a trend/look etc to look good when wearing something fashionable – used especially in magazines We'll tell you how to rock this season's hottest looks.→ See Verb table

Examples from the Corpus

rock• They may soon be getting free bus passes but they know how to rock.• She rocked back and forth; her whimpers seemed to hold all the pain in the world.• The chair squeaked as I rocked back and forth.• Uncle Maury laughed until he was rocking back and forth.• The law firm was rocked by accusations of bribery and dishonesty.• The company was rocked by massive changes in the computer business.• Glenda sat beside the cradle, gently rocking it from side to side.• She rocked it roughly, loathing it, and the baby grew hysterical.• The scandal has rocked the banking world.• Waves from a passing freighter rocked the boat.• The sound was shaking the roof and rocking the floor.• Rob Rio and the Revolvers rocked while sequined and tuxedoed revelers danced amid a plethora of King Tut-like splendor.rocked with laughter• The dealing-room rocked with laughter upon news of his flight.Origin rock1 1. (1300-1400) Old North French roque, from Vulgar Latin rocca2. (1900-2000) → ROCK2 rock2 Old English roccian

rock1 noun →n COLLOCATIONS1 →n THESAURUS1rock2 verbLDOCE OnlineChinese  

Corpus that main surface hard forms the substance the

rock

I

rock¹ S2 W2 /rɒk $ rɑːk/ noun
1.  STONE
  a. [uncountable] the hard substance that forms the main surface of the Earth ⇨ stone:
    To build the tunnel, they had to cut through 500 feet of solid rock.
    Most of the country is desert and bare rock.
    massive rock formations (=shapes made naturally from rock)
    ancient dark volcanic rock
  b. [countable] a piece of rock, especially a large one that sticks up from the ground:
    Jack stood on a rock for a better view.
    During the storm a ship had been driven onto the rocks (=a line of rocks under or next to the sea).
2.  MUSIC  [uncountable] (also rock music) a type of popular modern music with a strong loud beat, played using guitars and drums
    rock band/group
    Komuro formed a rock band with some friends while in college.
    the late rock star, Freddie Mercury
    The stadium has hosted numerous rock concerts. ⇨ hard rock, ⇨ punk rock at punk(1)
3. (as) solid/steady as a rock
  a. very strongly built or well supported and not likely to break or fall:
    a large sofa, solid as a rock
  b. someone who is as solid or steady as a rock is very strong and calm in difficult situations and you can depend on them ⇨ rock-solid
4. [singular] someone who always gives you support and who you can depend on:
    My sister has always been my rock.
5. be on the rocks informal a relationship or business that is on the rocks is having a lot of problems and is likely to fail soon
   SYN  in trouble:
    I’m afraid Tim’s marriage is on the rocks.
6. scotch/vodka etc on the rocks informal an alcoholic drink that is served with ice but no water
7.  SWEET FOOD  [uncountable] British English a hard sweet made in long round pieces:
    a stick of rock
8.  DRUG
  a. [uncountable] a very pure form of the illegal drug cocaine that some people use for pleasure
  b. [countable] a small amount of this drug
9. be (stuck) between a rock and a hard place to have a choice between two things, both of which are unpleasant or dangerous
10. get your rocks off informal not polite if a man gets his rocks off, he has sex
11.  JEWEL  [countable usually plural] old-fashioned informal a diamond or other jewel
     

COLLOCATIONS

■ adjectives
   ▪ solid rock Steps had been carved out of the solid rock.
   ▪ bare rock (=not covered by soil) Here there was only bare rock and gravel.
   ▪ volcanic rock The fossils are sandwiched between two layers of volcanic rock.
   ▪ molten rock (=rock that is so hot it is liquid) Molten rock flowed into these cracks.
■ rock + NOUN
   ▪ a rock formation There are marvellous views of impressive rock formations.
■ verbs
   ▪ rock forms/is formed From the texture of the rock we can tell how it was formed.
   ▪ something erodes rock (=it gradually removes the surface of the rock) Rainwater drained away, forming streams and rivers that began to erode the rock.
   ▪ rock erodes (away) (=its surface is gradually removed because of the action of water, wind etc ) The rocks had eroded away over the years.
■ phrases
   ▪ a lump/piece of rock His leg was trapped under a large lump of rock.
   ▪ a layer of rock You can see six layers of rock in the cliff.
   ▪ an outcrop of rock (=a mass of rock that sticks up above the ground) The gulls nested on a outcrop of rock.
     

THESAURUS

   ▪ rock a piece of the hard substance that forms the main surface of the Earth. In British English, rocks are too large to pick up, but in American English, they can either be large or small: the rocks along the riverbanks
   ▪ stone a small piece of rock, found on the ground or near the surface of the ground. Speakers of American English are more likely to use the word rock than stone: The children were throwing stones into the water.
   ▪ boulder a large round piece of rock: She climbed over a few boulders at the edge of the sea.
   ▪ pebble a small smooth stone found especially on a beach or on the bottom of a river: The beach was covered with smooth white pebbles.
   ▪ fossil a rock which has the shape of an animal or plant that lived many thousands of years ago: fossils of early reptiles

II

rock² verb1. [intransitive and transitive] to move gently backwards and forwards or from side to side, or to make something do this ⇨ sway:
    She covered her face, rocking to and fro in her grief.
    The waves rocked the boat from side to side.
    Paul sat gently rocking the child in his arms.
    Jim rocked with laughter when he heard what had happened.
2. [transitive]
  a. to make the people in a place or organization feel very shocked – used in news reports
   SYN  shake:
    The scandal rocked the nation.
  b. to make the future of something seem less certain or steady than it was before, especially because of problems or changes
   SYN  shake:
    Another financial blow has rocked the industry.
    The theory rocked the foundations of social and moral life.
3. rock the boat informal to cause problems for other members of a group by criticizing something or trying to change the way something is done:
    He kept his feelings to himself, not wanting to rock the boat.
4. [transitive] if an explosion or earthquake rocks an area, it makes it shake:
    Residents had only a few minutes to escape before the blast rocked their houses.
5. somebody/something rocks spoken informal said to show that you strongly approve of someone or something
6. rock sb’s world informal to cause someone to think about something or someone in a completely new way