rot
Longman Dictionary of Contemporary English 5++LDOCE 5++rot1 /rɒt $ rɑːt/ ●●○ verb (rotted, rotting) 1 [intransitive, transitive]HBDECAY to decay by a gradual natural process, or to make something do this （使）腐败，（使）腐烂 Candy will rot your teeth. 吃糖会腐蚀牙齿。 The trees were cut and left to rot. 树被砍伐后任其腐烂。rot away All the woodwork was rotting away. 木结构部分都在腐烂。2 rot in hell/jail MIMPto suffer or be punished for a long time – used especially when you are angry with someone 烂在地狱里/监狱里〔尤用于表示对某人生气〕 I hope the people who did this rot in hell. 我希望做这件事的人不得好死。→ See Verb table
Examples from the Corpus
rot• Everywhere, it was like an over-flowing septic tank or something rotting.• If water gets inside the woodwork, it causes it to rot.• Bowman continues: During the monsoon, everything would rot.• Millions of these books are shredded yearly or allowed to rot and gather dust in purgatorial existence.• His body was left to rot as a warning to others who might be tempted to stray from those paths of righteousness.• Anything written with biro on cheap paper will quickly rot away creating yet more work for the conservators.• The roof had fallen in and the floor had completely rotted away.• Or, you can cover it with black plastic so that it rots down.• The apartment is dirtier still, the air filled with the stench of rotting garbage and diapers hours overdue to be changed.• If you leave any water in the bottom of the boat, it'll slowly rot it away.• Many of the tomatoes had rotted on their stems.• The gorgeous canopies have rotted, the bamboo supports have snapped.• Bedtime drinks aimed at helping children to sleep may be rotting their teeth.• In some countries food is left to rot, while in others people are dying from hunger.• Moisture can rot your house's foundation.rot away• Outside the stately music hall, two-story white pillars are quietly rotting away.• She would rage and scorn, and hold me close for a minute, and promise to leave him to rot away.• Anything written with biro on cheap paper will quickly rot away creating yet more work for the conservators.• All this would have rotted away had the rescue operation not swung into action.• It would be absurd to rot away in a building that had no front door.• Lack of self-knowledge is like rotting away in the maze with the blindfold on.• All the same ... I could hardly imagine the relics rotting away to nothing ... all in the course of a single night.• A century later the forest would be regrown, the downed trees rotted away to nothing.rot2 noun 1 [uncountable]HBDECAY the natural process of decaying, or the part of something that has decayed 腐败，腐烂；腐烂部分 the smell of rot 腐烂的气味 wood that is soft with rot 腐烂变软的木头 → dry rot2 [singular, uncountable] a state in which something becomes bad or does not work as well as it should 腐化，堕落 He criticized the talk shows as ‘cultural rot’. 他批评这些清谈节目是“文化垃圾”。stop the rot British English (=stop a bad situation getting worse) 阻止不良情况恶化 The team has enough good players to stop the rot. 这支球队有不少优秀球员，足以止住颓势。the rot set in British English (=a situation started to get worse) 衰败开始 It was after he left the company that the rot set in. 公司是在他离开之后开始走下坡路的。3 [uncountable] British English old-fashionedUNTRUE nonsense 废话，愚蠢的话 You do talk rot! 你尽说蠢话！Examples from the Corpus
rot• Damp must not be allowed to enter as rot can quickly result.• They went through all that boring rot about the war again.• They had also done something terrible to the boiler, and discovered dry rot in the airing-cupboard.• Economic specialists hope to guide the country out of its economic rot.• To me it held overtones of rot and decomposition, perhaps imaginary because of my worries about the condition of the raft.• Joe recommended that everyone thoroughly dried and massaged their feet before climbing into a sleeping bag or they risked skin rot.• In all the circumstances some rot of some kind was almost inevitable in a good proportion of gliders.• As far as Greenpeace is concerned - unless the rot is stopped now rivers like the Severn are doomed to slow death by poisoning.• Above all the drift to a self-seeking, self-satisfying, self-fulfilling approach to relationships is where the rot is really setting in.• The wood was soft with rot.the rot set in• We wormed and wriggled his way through to touch down and the rot set in.Origin rot1 Old English rotiana or by process, to natural Corpus to gradual decay
rot
rot1 /rɒt $ rɑːt/ 
verb (past tense and past participle rotted, present participle rotting)
Candy will rot your teeth.
The trees were cut and left to rot.
rot away
All the woodwork was rotting away.
2. rot in hell/jail to suffer or be punished for a long time – used especially when you are angry with someone:
I hope the people who did this rot in hell.
▪ decay to be slowly destroyed by a natural chemical process – use this especially about natural things such as wood or plants, or about teeth: The leaves decay and enrich the soil. | He had bad breath and decaying teeth. | The fabric slowly began to decay.
▪rot to decay. Rot is less formal than decay and is more common in everyday English: The fruit was left to rot on the ground. | rotting teeth | Most of the wood under the paint had rotted. | the smell of rotting vegetation (=decaying leaves and plants)
▪go off British English if food goes off, it starts to smell bad and is no longer be safe to eat: I think the milk’s gone off. | The meat smells as if it's gone off.
▪spoil if food spoils, it starts to decay, so that it is no longer safe to eat. Spoil is more formal and is less common in everyday British English than go off: Food left in the sun will quickly start to spoil.
▪go mouldy British English, moldy American English to begin to have a soft green or black substance growing on the surface of the food, so that it is not good to eat any more: Ugh, the cheese has gone mouldy!
▪decompose formal to decay – use this especially about dead plants or flesh: leaves decomposing on the forest floor
▪putrefy formal to decay and have a very bad smell – use this especially about flesh or plants: After two days, the body was already beginning to putrefy. | putrefying meat
▪biodegrade to decay naturally into substances that do not harm the environment – use this especially about man-made materials and chemicals: Unlike many other materials, plastic does not biodegrade.
rot2 noun
1. [uncountable] the natural process of decaying, or the part of something that has decayed:
the smell of rot
wood that is soft with rot ⇨ dry rot
2. [singular, uncountable] a state in which something becomes bad or does not work as well as it should:
He criticized the talk shows as ‘cultural rot’.
stop the rot British English (=stop a bad situation getting worse)
The team has enough good players to stop the rot.
the rot set in British English (=a situation started to get worse)
It was after he left the company that the rot set in.
3. [uncountable] British English old-fashioned nonsense:
You do talk rot!
| I |
verb (past tense and past participle rotted, present participle rotting) Language: Old English
Origin: rotian
1. [intransitive and transitive] to decay by a gradual natural process, or to make something do this:Origin: rotian
rot away
2. rot in hell/jail to suffer or be punished for a long time – used especially when you are angry with someone:
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| II |
noun1. [uncountable] the natural process of decaying, or the part of something that has decayed:
2. [singular, uncountable] a state in which something becomes bad or does not work as well as it should:
stop the rot British English (=stop a bad situation getting worse)
the rot set in British English (=a situation started to get worse)
3. [uncountable] British English old-fashioned nonsense:
Animals 动物
animals mate/breed/reproduce/feed (on sth) 动物交配／繁育／繁殖／以…为食 fish/amphibians swim/spawn (= lay eggs)鱼／两栖动物游动／产卵 birds fly/migrate/nest/sing 鸟飞翔／迁徙／筑巢／啼叫 insects crawl/fly/bite/sting 昆虫爬／飞／咬／叮 insects/bees/locusts swarm 昆虫／蜜蜂／蝗虫成群地飞来飞去 bees collect/gather nectar/pollen蜜蜂采蜜／花粉 spiders spin/weave a web蜘蛛结网／织网 snakes/lizards shed their skins 蛇／蜥蜴蜕皮 bears/hedgehogs/frogs hibernate 熊／刺猬／青蛙冬眠 insect larvae grow/develop/pupate 昆虫的幼虫生长／发育／化蛹 an egg/a chick/a larva hatches 卵孵化；小鸡出壳；幼虫孵出 attract/find/choose a mate吸引／找到／选择配偶 produce/release eggs/sperm产卵；排卵；产生／释放精子 lay/fertilize/incubate/hatch eggs产卵；使卵受精；孵卵 inhabit a forest/a reef/the coast栖居于森林／礁石／海岸 mark/enter/defend (a) territory标出／进入／保卫领地 stalk/hunt/capture/catch/kill prey悄悄接近／猎杀／捕获／杀死猎物
Plants and fungi 植物和真菌
trees/plants grow/bloom/blossom/flower 树木／植物生长／开花 a seed germinates/sprouts 种子发芽 leaves/buds/roots/shoots appear/develop/form 叶子／花蕾／根茎／幼苗长出来／长大／成形 flower buds swell/open 花蕾含苞欲放／绽放 a fungus grows/spreads/colonizes sth 菌类生长／扩散／长满… pollinate/fertilize a flower/plant给花／植物授粉 produce/release/spread/disperse pollen/seeds/spores长出／传播花粉／种子／孢子 produce/bear fruit结果 develop/grow/form roots/shoots/leaves长出根茎／嫩芽／叶子 provide/supply/absorb/extract/release nutrients提供／吸收／提取／释放营养物 perform/increase/reduce photosynthesis进行／增加／减少光合作用
Bacteria and viruses 细菌和病毒
bacteria/microbes/viruses grow/spread/multiply 细菌／微生物／病毒生长／扩散／繁殖 bacteria/microbes live/thrive in/on sth细菌／微生物在…中存活／大量生长 bacteria/microbes/viruses evolve/colonize sth/cause disease 细菌／微生物／病毒进化／长满…／引发疾病 bacteria break sth down/convert sth (into sth) 细菌（将某物）分解／转化（成某物） a virus enters/invades sth/the body病毒进入／侵入某物／身体 a virus mutates/evolves/replicates (itself) 病毒变异／演化／（自我）复制 be infected with/contaminated with/exposed to a new strain of a virus/drug-resistant bacteria感染上／接触到一种新病毒／抗药性细菌 contain/carry/harbour/ ( especially
harbor bacteria/a virus带有细菌／病毒 kill/destroy/eliminate harmful/deadly bacteria杀灭有害的／致命的细菌