sample
Longman Dictionary of Contemporary English 5++LDOCE 5++sam·ple1 /ˈsɑːmpəl $ ˈsæm-/ ●●● S3 W2 noun [countable] 1 PARTa small part or amount of something that is examined in order to find out something about the whole 样本，样品，货样sample of I’d like to see some samples of your work. 我想看看你做的一些样品。 They took a blood sample to test for hepatitis. 他们取了血样做肝炎化验。2 TRY something TO SEE IF IT IS GOODa small amount of a product that people can try in order to find out what it is like 试用产品，试样sample of free samples of a new shampoo 新洗发剂的试用品3 GROUP OF PEOPLEa small group of people who have been chosen from a larger group to give information or answers to questions 〔抽查的〕样本，被抽选的一组人员 The sample consisted of 98 secondary school teachers. 抽样对象是98名中学教师。 Out of a random sample of drivers, 21% had been in an accident in the previous year. 在随机抽样调查的驾驶员中，有21%曾在上一年发生过事故。 a nationally representative sample of over 950 elderly persons 抽选950余位老人作为全国具有代表性的样本4 a small part of a song from a CD or record that is used in a new song 节录乐曲〔用在新曲子中的、选自唱片中某一首曲子的一小段旋律〕 Her latest album makes extensive use of samples from a wide range of acid jazz tracks. 她的最新专辑从各类迷幻爵士乐中选用了大量节录乐曲。n COLLOCATIONSNOUN + samplea blood/urine/tissue etc sampleHe compared the samples with a blood sample from Mr Green.a water/soil etc sampleThey analysed soil samples collected from streams.a DNA sampleArchaeologists are studying DNA samples from ancient Egyptian mummies.verbstake/collect a sampleThe study took samples from workers at four nuclear plants.give/provide a sampleHe said he had once fainted when giving a sample of blood.analyse/test a sampleAll the samples were tested for bacteria.
Examples from the Corpus
sample• When oxygen diffuses into the buffer from a sample, it is reduced at the cathode.• Bill visits public libraries on weekends, converts an underutilized closet into a dark-room, borrows refrigerator space to hold samples.• Bile was then collected continuously in 15 minute samples.• Nevertheless, storage of samples at very high temperatures can be useful.• Analysis for significance were done using Student's t test for paired samples and the two group t test for unpaired samples.• Cytogenetic analysis was successful in all placental samples.• These responses were drawn from a random sample of the electorate.• She based her analysis on data from a representative sample of women and men aged 18-25.• The moisture content of wood may be determined simply by weighing a small sample before and after oven drying.• 56% of the women in the sample said that they supported the government's policies.• Because its characteristics can be treated mathematically it is central to quality control via samples.sample of• I'll need to look at a sample of his handwriting.• They were giving out free samples of ice cream at the store.representative sample• All employees or a representative sample answered the questionnaire.• There are two main ways in which such a representative sample can be constructed.• These samples have been found to be very similar socioeconomically to a representative sample.• A representative sample of case histories follows.• Using a nationally representative sample, this study examines the effects on family life of elderly persons in the household.• These large juries were clearly intended to provide a reasonably representative sample of popular opinion.• In the case of such representative sample, the population parameters can be estimated from the sample values.sample2 ●●○ verb [transitive] 1 TASTE OF FOOD OR DRINKto taste food or drink in order to see what it is like 品尝，尝试〔食品、饮料〕 a chance to sample the local food 品尝当地食品的一个机会2 GROUP OF PEOPLEto choose some people from a larger group in order to ask them questions or get information from them 对…作抽样调查 18% of the adults sampled admitted having had problems with alcohol abuse. 在接受抽样调查的成年人中有18%承认有过酗酒问题。3 TRY TO DO OR GET somethingto try an activity, go to a place etc in order to see what it is like 体验 Here’s your chance to sample the delights of country life. 让你体验乡村生活乐趣的机会来了。4 to use a small part of a song from a CD or record in a new song 节录〔唱片的某一首曲子，用于新乐曲中〕 Many of his songs have been sampled by other artists. 他的许多歌曲都被别的歌手节录过。→ See Verb tableExamples from the Corpus
sample• Next, you will sample a Duo of Foie Gras.• We are able to sample a few of the tubes by vacuuming the sediment.• The results are based on a poll of 1000 randomly sampled adults.• Then we build our salad, sampling each wild thing as we add it to the big wooden bowl.• Second-pass silicon will sample in the third quarter, with mass production coming by the end of the year.• Mike Rowbottom has been sampling it.• Tim Littler has seen to it that guests will sample some of the great wines of the world with their dinner.• I decided to sample the chocolate cheesecake.• The hotel provides an excellent base from which visitors can sample the delights of scuba diving and waterskiing.• You were on business visiting the offices where she works and decided to sample the food in the canteen.• You should sample the local nightlife while you're here.From Longman Business Dictionarysamplesam‧ple1 /ˈsɑːmpəlˈsæm-/ noun [countable]1a number of people or things chosen from a large group to take part in studies that provide information about the whole groupsample ofOf a sample of executives in 600 companies, 15% had no plans to do business in the EU.The survey was based on a random sample (=a number of people or things chosen without knowing anything about them) of households from all income groups.The agency interviewed a representative sample (=a specially chosen group including several different types of people) of 1,003 people in the city.2MARKETINGa small amount of a product that people can use or look at in order to find out what it is likeHe used the product after receiving a free sample in the mail.We were shown some sample pages for the new book.3a small part or amount of something that is tested in order to find out something about the wholesample ofA sample of the water showed that it contained high amounts of sodium. → judgement samplesamplesample2 verb [transitive]1to ask a group of people chosen from a larger group questions, in order to get information or opinions from them, so as to better understand the larger groupFour different groups of adults were sampled for the survey.2to try a small amount of a product in order to find out what it is likeHere’s your chance to sample our latest product.→ See Verb tableOrigin sample1 (1200-1300) Old French essample, from Latin exemplum; → EXAMPLEsam·ple1 noun →n COLLOCATIONS1sample2 verbLDOCE OnlineChineseSyllable
or part that something Corpus small Business of a is amount
sample
sam‧ple1 S3 W2 /ˈsɑːmpəl $ ˈsæm-/ 
noun [countable]1. a small part or amount of something that is examined in order to find out something about the whole
sample of
I’d like to see some samples of your work.
They took a blood sample to test for hepatitis.
2. a small amount of a product that people can try in order to find out what it is like
sample of
samples of a new shampoo
3. a small group of people who have been chosen from a larger group to give information or answers to questions:
The sample consisted of 98 secondary school teachers.
Out of a random sample of drivers, 21% had been in an accident in the previous year.
a nationally representative sample of over 950 elderly persons
4. a small part of a song from a CD or record that is used in a new song:
Her latest album makes extensive use of samples from a wide range of acid jazz tracks.
■ NOUN + sample
▪a blood/urine/tissue etc sample He compared the samples with a blood sample from Mr Green.
▪a water/soil etc sample They analysed soil samples collected from streams.
▪a DNA sample Archaeologists are studying DNA samples from ancient Egyptian mummies.
■ verbs
▪take/collect a sample The study took samples from workers at four nuclear plants.
▪give/provide a sample He said he had once fainted when giving a sample of blood.
▪analyse/test a sample All the samples were tested for bacteria.
sample2 verb [transitive]
1. to taste food or drink in order to see what it is like:
a chance to sample the local food
2. to choose some people from a larger group in order to ask them questions or get information from them:
18% of the adults sampled admitted having had problems with alcohol abuse.
3. to try an activity, go to a place etc in order to see what it is like:
Here’s your chance to sample the delights of country life.
4. to use a small part of a song from a CD or record in a new song:
Many of his songs have been sampled by other artists.
| I |
noun [countable]1. a small part or amount of something that is examined in order to find out something about the wholesample of
2. a small amount of a product that people can try in order to find out what it is like
sample of
3. a small group of people who have been chosen from a larger group to give information or answers to questions:
4. a small part of a song from a CD or record that is used in a new song:
| COLLOCATIONS |
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■ verbs
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| II |
verb [transitive]1. to taste food or drink in order to see what it is like:
2. to choose some people from a larger group in order to ask them questions or get information from them:
3. to try an activity, go to a place etc in order to see what it is like:
4. to use a small part of a song from a CD or record in a new song:
Theory 理论
formulate/advance a theory/hypothesis创立理论；提出假设 build/construct/create/develop a simple/theoretical/mathematical model创立一个简单／理论／数学模型 develop/establish/provide/use a theoretical/conceptual framework创立／建立／提供／使用理论／概念框架 advance/argue/develop the thesis that…提出／论证／详尽阐述…的论题 explore an idea/a concept/a hypothesis探讨一个想法／概念／假设 make a prediction/an inference预测；推断 base a prediction/your calculations on sth基于…做出预测／估算 investigate/evaluate/accept/challenge/reject a theory/hypothesis/model研究／评估／接受／质疑／拒绝接受一个理论／假设／模型
Experiment 实验
design an experiment/a questionnaire/a study/a test设计一项实验／问卷／研究／测试 do research/an experiment/an analysis做研究／实验／分析 make observations/measurements/calculations观察；测量；计算 carry out/conduct/perform an experiment/a test/a longitudinal study/observations/clinical trials进行实验／测试／纵向研究／观察／临床试验 run an experiment/a simulation/clinical trials进行实验／模拟／临床试验 repeat an experiment/a test/an analysis重做实验／测试／分析 replicate a study/the results/the findings做相同的研究；得出同样的结果／调查结果 observe/study/examine/investigate/assess a pattern/a process/a behaviour/( a behaviorespecially
观察／研究／审查／调查／评估一种模式／一个过程／一种行为 fund/support the research/project/study资助／支持研究／项目／专题研究 seek/provide/get/secure funding for research寻求／提供／得到／争取到研究资金
Results 结果
collect/gather/extract data/information收集／提取数据／信息 yield data/evidence/similar findings/the same results得到数据／证据／类似调查结果／相同结果 analyse/examine the data/soil samples/a specimen分析／考查数据／土壤样本／样本 consider/compare/interpret the results/findings思考／比较／解释结果／调查结果 fit the data/model与数据／模型相符合 confirm/support/verify a prediction/a hypothesis/the results/the findings证实／支持／核实预测／假设／结果／调查结果 prove a conjecture/hypothesis/theorem证明猜测／假设／定理 draw/make/reach the same conclusions得出同样的结论 read/review the records/literature阅读／评论记录／文献 describe/report an experiment/a study描述／报告一项实验／研究 present/publish/summarize the results/findings提交／公布／总结结果／调查结果 present/publish/read/review/cite a paper in a scientific journal向科学杂志提交一篇论文；在科学杂志发表一篇论文；阅读／评论／引用科学杂志上的一篇论文