sentence
Longman Dictionary of Contemporary English 5++LDOCE 5++sen·tence1 /ˈsentəns/ ●●● S1 W2 noun [countable] 1 SLGWORD, PHRASE, OR SENTENCEa group of words that usually contains a subject and a verb, and expresses a complete idea. Sentences written in English begin with a capital letter and usually end with a full stop or a question mark 句子，句 His voice dropped at the end of the sentence. 到句子结尾处，他压低了嗓音。in a sentence It’s difficult to sum it up in one sentence. 很难用一句话来概括。short/simple/full/complex etc sentence In a few short sentences, Quinn explained what he had done. 奎因用几句简短的话对自己所做的事作了解释。2 SCTPUNISHa punishment that a judge gives to someone who is guilty of a crime 判决，判刑 She received an eight-year prison sentence. 她被判八年徒刑。 He has just begun a life sentence for murder. 他犯了谋杀罪，刚开始服无期徒刑。► see thesaurus at punishment COLLOCATIONS – Meaning 2: a punishment that a judge gives to someone who is guilty of a crime 判决，判刑verbsget/receive a sentence (also be given a sentence) 获刑,被判刑She was given a three-year prison sentence. 她被判三年有期徒刑。face a sentence (=be likely to receive a sentence) 面临判刑He faces a long prison sentence if he is caught. 他如果被抓住,就要面临漫长的刑期。serve a sentence (=spend time in prison) 服刑Her husband is serving a two-year sentence for credit-card fraud. 她丈夫因犯信用卡诈骗罪正在服两年徒刑。a crime carries a sentence (=that is the punishment for that crime) 某项罪要判刑Rape should carry an automatic life sentence. 强奸罪应当自动判无期徒刑。impose/hand down a sentence (=officially give someone a sentence) 判刑The judge imposed a three-year sentence. 法官裁决判三年徒刑。pass sentence formal (=officially say what someone’s punishment will be) 作出判决nIt is now my duty to pass sentence.ADJECTIVES/NOUN + sentencea stiff/long sentence (=a long time in prison) 严厉的/长期的刑罚Police officers are demanding stiffer sentences for offenders. 警察要求对违法分子处以更严厉的刑罚。a light/short sentence (=a short time in prison) 轻的/短期的刑罚We’re hoping that he gets off with a light sentence. 我们希望对他能够从轻惩处。a prison/jail sentence (also a custodial sentence British English formal) 监禁判决If found guilty, he faces a long jail sentence. 如果被证明有罪,他将面临长期监禁。a non-custodial sentence British English formal (=a punishment in which a person does not go to prison) 非监禁判决nThe judge said the offence was too serious for a non-custodial sentence.a five-year/eight-year etc sentence (=five/eight etc years in prison) 五年/八年等刑期nHe was serving an eight-year sentence for burglary.the maximum sentence (=the most that can be given for a particular crime) 最长刑期nThe maximum sentence for this offence is five years.a life sentence (=prison for the rest of your life, or a very long time) 无期徒刑,终身监禁nIn 1978 he was given a life sentence for attacking a 72-year-old woman.a death sentence (=a punishment of death) 死刑nDeath sentences were handed down to eight of the accused.a suspended sentence (=one which someone will serve only if they commit another crime) 缓刑nHer attacker got a two-year suspended sentence.
Examples from the Corpus
sentence• He was recently freed after serving a sentence for leading anti-government riots.• That this is important was shown by one of the authors in two studies analysing sentences in the London courts in 1983.• Carl is a man of clipped sentences and positive, energetic action.• Write a complete sentence for each answer.• If found guilty of first-degree murder, Bangham could face a death sentence.• Richardson was convicted of murder and given a death sentence.• The victim's family are demanding the death sentence for his attacker.• Belfast Appeal Court increased his sentence from five to nine years.• Croy is currently serving a life sentence for the 1992 rape and murder of an Iowa woman.• Berger is serving a life sentence for the murders.• Hailey is serving a life sentence, and is reported to be in poor health.• Evans was given a light sentence in return for giving information to the police.• If convicted of the charges against him, Blackburn could receive a maximum sentence of 30 years.• Neale is finishing a three-month sentence for petty theft.• The opening sentence of the book defines the concept of Tai-Chi-Chuan.• Judge Evans will pass sentence on the three men tomorrow.• In all three examples, clues to the type of question are contained in the preceding sentence.• Moore began an eighteen-month prison sentence in November.• He got a 10-year prison sentence.• a six-year prison sentence• Try to write using short, punchy sentences.• Describe your best friend in a single sentence.• In cases of conduction aphasia, comprehension of spoken words and simple spoken sentences can be intact.• Before long, the sentence makes no sense, but the sound of the nonsense is rich.• Often you can salve their indignation and solve this problem by rewording the sentence.• Only 14 days for the seven years to be increased to the sentence that fits his crimes and his evil - life.• As this sentence was pronounced, each sanam slid from its pedestal and smashed to the ground.• Perrault is serving a 15-year sentence for fraud and tax evasion.in a sentence• Also, they commonly appear as subordinate elements in a sentence where the main clause indicates the speaker.• He has about four months remaining in a sentence imposed by a federal judge in Boston June 15,1994.• The sounds in sentences subtest involves the child being told a story which is illustrated with pictures.• Speak in sentences rather than individual words.• She was slow to talk, but when she did, she quickly learned to talk in sentences.• Repeated Words Signs: Words repeated four or five times in an average paragraph or three or more times in a sentence.• All have large vocabularies and sets of rules for putting words together in sentences.• Adverb position illustrates how hard it is to say positively what goes with what in a sentence.sentence2 ●●○ verb [transitive] SCTPUNISHif a judge sentences someone who is guilty of a crime, they give them a punishment 〔法官〕判决，宣判，判刑sentence somebody to something Sanchez was sentenced to three years in prison. 桑切斯被判了三年监禁。→ See Verb tableExamples from the Corpus
sentence• She returned anyhow, was sentenced but reprieved, and found herself expelled for the fourth time.• Brown will be sentenced for a series of sexual assaults.• The judge said that his was a very serious crime, and sentenced him to eight years in prison.• She is to be sentenced later.• The judge sentenced Margolis to a year in prison.• Green is free on bail until his sentencing on June 27, when he faces up to 25 years in prison.• But worse than that, the man was sentenced to death and was in custody!• 60 prisoners have been sentenced to death in political trials.• He was sentenced to five years in prison followed by three years of supervised release.• Tyson was convicted of rape in 1992 and sentenced to six years' imprisonment.• He was found guilty and sentenced to three years' imprisonment.• Some countries will sentence you to seven or more years in prison for drug offences.sentence somebody to something• She was sentenced to three years in prison.Origin sentence1 (1200-1300) Old French Latin sententia “feeling, opinion, sentence”, from sentire; → SENTIENTsen·tence1 noun →COLLOCATIONS1sentence2 verbLDOCE OnlineChineseSyllable
contains that of a group Corpus words usually
sentence
sen‧tence1 S1 W2 /ˈsentəns/ 
noun [countable]
His voice dropped at the end of the sentence.
in a sentence
It’s difficult to sum it up in one sentence.
short/simple/full/complex etc sentence
In a few short sentences, Quinn explained what he had done.
2. a punishment that a judge gives to someone who is guilty of a crime:
She received an eight-year prison sentence.
He has just begun a life sentence for murder.
■ verbs
▪get/receive a sentence (also be given a sentence ) She was given a three-year prison sentence.
▪face a sentence (=be likely to receive a sentence) He faces a long prison sentence if he is caught.
▪serve a sentence (=spend time in prison) Her husband is serving a two-year sentence for credit-card fraud.
▪a crime carries a sentence (=that is the punishment for that crime) Rape should carry an automatic life sentence.
▪impose/hand down a sentence (=officially give someone a sentence) The judge imposed a three-year sentence.
▪pass sentence formal (=officially say what someone’s punishment will be) It is now my duty to pass sentence.
■ ADJECTIVES/NOUN + sentence
▪a stiff/long sentence (=a long time in prison) Police officers are demanding stiffer sentences for offenders.
▪a light/short sentence (=a short time in prison) We’re hoping that he gets off with a light sentence.
▪a prison/jail sentence (also a custodial sentence British English formal) If found guilty, he faces a long jail sentence.
▪a non-custodial sentence British English formal (=a punishment in which a person does not go to prison) The judge said the offence was too serious for a non-custodial sentence.
▪a five-year/eight-year etc sentence (=five/eight etc years in prison) He was serving an eight-year sentence for burglary.
▪the maximum sentence (=the most that can be given for a particular crime) The maximum sentence for this offence is five years.
▪a life sentence (=prison for the rest of your life, or a very long time) In 1978 he was given a life sentence for attacking a 72-year-old woman.
▪a death sentence (=a punishment of death) Death sentences were handed down to eight of the accused.
▪a suspended sentence (=one which someone will serve only if they commit another crime) Her attacker got a two-year suspended sentence.
▪ punishment something that is done in order to punish someone, or the act of punishing them: I don’t think they deserved such a severe punishment. | The usual punishment is life in prison.
▪sentence a punishment given by a judge in a court: He was given a long prison sentence. | They asked for the maximum sentence.
▪fine an amount of money that you must pay as a punishment: I got an £80 fine for speeding. | There are heavy fines for drink-driving.
▪penalty a general word for a punishment given to someone who has broken a law, rule, or agreement: What’s the penalty if you get caught? | He called for stiffer penalties for crimes involving guns.
▪the death penalty (also capital punishment ) the system in which people are killed as a punishment for crimes: If he is found guilty, he faces the death penalty. | A number of states have abolished capital punishment.
▪community service unpaid work helping other people that someone does as punishment for a crime: He was given a choice between doing 200 hours of community service, or a big fine.
▪corporal punishment the punishment of children by hitting them: I don’t agree with corporal punishment. | Corporal punishment was abolished in schools in 1987.
sentence2 verb [transitive]
if a judge sentences someone who is guilty of a crime, they give them a punishment
sentence somebody to something
Sanchez was sentenced to three years in prison.
▪ punish to do something unpleasant to someone because they have done something wrong or broken the law: Drug smugglers are severely punished. | She wanted to punish him for deceiving her.
▪fine to make someone pay money as a punishment: The company was fined for safety violations.
▪sentence if a judge sentences a criminal, he or she gives them an official punishment, usually sending them to prison for a period of time: The judge sentenced Margolis to a year in prison.
▪penalize (also penalise British English) to officially punish someone, especially by taking away their right to do something or by limiting their freedom in some way: New laws will penalize firms that continue to pollute the environment.
▪discipline to punish someone who has broken the rules of an organization that they belong to or work for: Officers are expected to discipline soldiers who do not keep their uniforms in good condition.
▪come down hard on somebody informal to punish someone or criticize them severely: The judge came down hard on Harris, saying that his crime was ‘inexcusable’.
▪make an example of somebody to punish someone so that other people are afraid to do the same thing: Athletics officials felt they had to make an example of him for using banned drugs.
▪teach somebody a lesson informal to do something in order to show someone that they must not do something again, when they have behaved very badly: I didn't want to hurt him - I just wanted teach him a lesson. | Maybe a night in jail will teach him a lesson.
▪make somebody pay (for something) informal to make someone wish they had never done something, by making them suffer: We should make him pay for all the mischief he's caused!
| I |
noun [countable] Date: 1200-1300
Language: Old French
Origin: Latin sententia 'feeling, opinion, sentence', from sentire; ⇨ sentient
1. a group of words that usually contains a subject and a verb, and expresses a complete idea. Sentences written in English begin with a capital letter and usually end with a full stop or a question mark:Language: Old French
Origin: Latin sententia 'feeling, opinion, sentence', from sentire; ⇨ sentient
in a sentence
short/simple/full/complex etc sentence
2. a punishment that a judge gives to someone who is guilty of a crime:
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verb [transitive]if a judge sentences someone who is guilty of a crime, they give them a punishment
sentence somebody to something
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Breaking the law 犯法
break/violate/obey/uphold the law违反／违背／遵守／维护法律 be investigated/arrested/tried for a crime/a robbery/fraud因犯罪／抢劫／诈骗而被调查／逮捕／审判 be arrested/ ( especially
NAmE indicted/convicted on charges of rape/fraud/( felony chargesespecially
因被控犯强奸罪／诈骗罪／重型罪遭逮捕／起诉／定罪 be arrested on suspicion of arson/robbery/shoplifting因涉嫌纵火／抢劫／在商店行窃而被逮捕 be accused of/be charged with murder/( homicide/four counts of fraudespecially
NAmE 被指控犯有谋杀罪／杀人罪／四项诈骗罪 face two charges of indecent assault面临两项猥亵罪的指控 admit your guilt/liability/responsibility (for sth)承认（对某事的）罪责／责任 deny the allegations/claims/charges否认指控 confess to a crime坦白罪行 grant/be refused/be released on/skip/jump bail准许／不准保释；交保释金获释；弃保潜逃
The legal process 法律程序
stand/await/bring sb to/come to/be on trial受审；候审；把某人送交法院审判；开庭审理；受到审判 take sb to/come to/settle sth out of court把某人告上法庭；被法庭受理；庭外和解某事 face/avoid/escape prosecution面临／免于／逃脱起诉 seek/retain/have the right to/be denied access to legal counsel寻求／聘请／有权聘用／无权聘用律师 hold/conduct/attend/adjourn a hearing/trial开庭；出庭；休庭 sit on/influence/persuade/convince the jury担任／影响／说服陪审团 sit/stand/appear/be put/place sb in the dock坐在／站在／出现在／被送上／将某人送上被告席 plead guilty/not guilty to a crime认罪；不认罪 be called to/enter ( the witness boxBrE 被召唤进入／进入证人席 take/put sb on the stand/( the witness standNAmE 出庭作证；让某人出庭作证 call/subpoena/question/cross-examine a witness传唤／以传票传唤／讯问／盘问证人 give/hear the evidence against/on behalf of sb提供／听取对某人不利／有利的证据 raise/withdraw/overrule an objection提出／撤销／否决异议 reach a unanimous/majority verdict作出一致的／多数人赞同的裁决 return/deliver/record a verdict of not guilty/unlawful killing/accidental death作出／宣布无罪／非法杀人／意外死亡的裁决 convict/acquit the defendant of the crime宣判被告有罪／无罪 secure a conviction/your acquittal获得有罪／无罪判决 lodge/file an appeal提出上诉 appeal (against)/challenge/uphold/overturn a conviction/verdict对判决／裁决提出上诉／质疑；维持／撤销判决／裁决
Sentencing and punishment 判刑与惩罚
pass sentence on sb宣布对某人的判决 carry/face/serve a seven-year/life sentence会被判处／面临／服七年徒刑／无期徒刑 receive/be given the death penalty被判死刑 be sentenced to ten years (in prison/jail)被判十年（监禁） carry/impose/pay a fine (of $3 000)/a penalty (of 14 years imprisonment)会被判处／处以／缴纳（3 000 美元的）罚金／（14 年的）监禁 be imprisoned/jailed for drug possession/fraud/murder因持有毒品罪／诈骗罪／谋杀罪被监禁 do/serve time/ten years服刑；服十年徒刑 be sent to/put sb in/be released from jail/prison被送进监狱；把某人送进监狱；被释放出狱 be/put sb/spend X years on death row在／把某人关在死囚牢房；在死囚牢房度过…年 be granted/be denied/break (your) parole获准假释；假释遭拒；违反假释规定