stress
Word family
Longman Dictionary of Contemporary English 5++LDOCE 5++stress1 /stres/ ●●● S3 W3 AWL noun 1 worry 忧虑 [countable, uncountable]WORRIED continuous feelings of worry about your work or personal life, that prevent you from relaxing 压力；忧虑；紧张 → strain Your headaches are due to stress. 你的头痛是压力造成的。 Janet’s been under a lot of stress since her mother’s illness. 珍妮特自从母亲生病以来承受了很大的压力。 all the stresses of public life 公众生活的所有压力 A lot of illnesses are stress-related. 许多疾病与压力有关。2 force 力量 [countable, uncountable]TEMHP the physical force or pressure on an object 压力，应力 Shoes with high heels put a great deal of stress on knees and ankles. 高跟鞋对膝盖和脚踝产生很大的压力。3 importance 重要性 [uncountable]EMPHASIZE the special attention or importance given to a particular idea, fact, or activity 强调；重要性 SYN emphasisput/lay stress on something Pugh laid particular stress on the need for discipline. 皮尤特别强调了纪律的必要性。4. word/music 话语/音乐 [countable, uncountable]SL the degree of force or loudness with which a part of a word is pronounced or a note in music is played, which makes it sound stronger than other parts or notes 重音，重读；〔音乐中的〕加强（音） COLLOCATIONSverbssuffer from stress 承受压力If you are suffering from stress, you may be more likely to become ill. 如果你有压力,就更有可能得病。cause stress 引起压力Moving house often causes stress. 搬家常会造成压力。cope with/deal with stress 处理/应付压力People find different ways of dealing with stress. 人们找到各种不同方法来应对压力。reduce/relieve stress 减轻/缓解压力nDon’t resort to alcohol to relieve your stress.adjectivesgreat/considerable/enormous 巨大的/相当大的/极大的Staff experienced considerable stress as a result of the changes. 变革导致员工承受相当大的压力。mental/emotional stress 精神/情绪压力It was a time of great emotional stress for me. 那段时间我的情绪压力非常大。phrasesbe under stress 承受压力She's been under a lot of stress lately. 近来她承受着很大压力。a cause of stress 造成压力的原因Balancing work and family is the main cause of stress for many people. 保持工作与家庭的平衡是给许多人造成压力的主要原因。signs/symptoms/effects of stress 压力的迹象/症状/影响nHeadaches, migraines, and irritability are all signs of stress.nThe effects of stress are subtle and sometimes difficult to see.somebody’s stress level (also somebody’s level of stress) 某人压力的程度Exercise reduces stress levels. 锻炼能减轻压力。stresses and strains (=a lot of different worries that are caused by something) 压力和紧张the stresses and strains of everyday life 日常生活的压力和紧张nstress managementSome patients may benefit from being taught stress management skills.Examples from the Corpus
stress• My headaches are caused by stress.• Before we go any further we need to define what we mean by stress.• Geoff is having trouble dealing with the emotional stress of his recent divorce.• Air travelers can enjoy stress-free trips if they follow a few guidelines.• Officials from one country told Ellena that its citizens had enough stress coping with high unemployment and other transition ills.• State-owned industries, already shaken by lay-offs and closures, will come under even greater stress from international competition.• She became the first woman to enter the school but withdrew after a few days because of stress.• Her financial problems were causing her a lot of stress.• She had been under a lot of stress just before the baby was born.• In all the music colleges, particular stress is placed upon the acquisition of high standards of general musicianship.• Exercise puts stress on bones as well as muscles.• She will be talking about better ways of communicating and improving one's lifestyle through reduced stress.• methods for reducing stress• But most just see it as a fun way of relieving stress.• Workers are under such stress right now, and they have less time to spend relaxing with their families.• His wife has also suffered stress-related health problems.• The city's many parks offer a comforting relief from the stress of modern life.put ... stress on• For the vendor satellite selling cuts transport costs and puts less stress on the animals.• Excessive protein intake can be dangerous, putting stress on the kidneys and causing dehydration.• The posture puts an unnatural stress on the spine and shortens the neck.• The problem puts enormous stress on managers.• Critically, this approach to art production puts the stress on the means of representation as much as the representation itself.• It is true that Franciscan spirituality put new stress on the necessity for integrating action and contemplation.• However, that puts enormous stress on his knees.• You put too much stress on your laterals, you're going to be really stuffed up.put/lay stress on something• These bearing-plinths are often damaged, impeding the working of the bearings and putting stress on the road deck.• Excessive protein intake can be dangerous, putting stress on the kidneys and causing dehydration.• In addition to the need for humility, discipline and singleminded devotion in the quest for Truth Gandhi lays stress on prayer.• Grandmother put a great deal of stress on the importance of proper behavior.• She said that her interview had laid stress on personal circumstances rather than experience and qualifications.• In the matter of ultimate aesthetic evaluation it laid stress on the intuitive response of the general public.stress2 ●●● S3 W3 AWL verb 1 [transitive]EMPHASIZE to emphasize a statement, fact, or idea 强调，着重stress that The report stressed that student math skills need to improve. 报告着重指出学生的数学能力需要提高。 Crawford stressed the need for more housing downtown. 克劳福德强调市中心需要建更多的住宅。 She stressed the importance of a balanced diet. 她强调了均衡饮食的重要性。► see thesaurus at emphasize2 [transitive]SL to pronounce a word or part of a word so that it sounds louder or more forceful 重读 The word ‘machine’ is stressed on the second syllable. 这个单词第二个音节重读。n3 [intransitive] informal to feel very worried about something She's stressing about her exams.4 stress somebody out phrasal verb informal to make someone so worried or nervous that they cannot relax 使极度焦虑，使非常紧张，使压力大 Studying for exams always stresses me out. 复习迎考总是使我非常焦虑。n COLLOCATIONSnounsstress the importance of somethingHe has always stressed the importance of a stable family.stress the need for somethingShe stressed the need for more effective policing.stress a pointThis point needs to be stressed.stress a factMedicines usually stress the fact that you must not exceed the stated dose.stress the role of somebody/somethingIn her speech, she stressed the role of parents in preventing youth crime.stress your commitment to (doing) somethingThe president stressed his commitment to tackling world poverty.→ See Verb tableExamples from the Corpus
stress• But the general limitations of questions and responses such as these should be stressed.• It looks forward to a greater gift in the future while stressing a real gift in the present.• The Republican takeover of Congress deflated that notion, though, and he no longer stresses it.• He was careful to stress that he was talking about public ethics, not private ethics.• It should be stressed that no payment is made by the client.• I would like to stress that the commercial consideration is only one of many elements and is certainly not the most important.stress that• The assessment was based on Neuman's model, which examines the stresses that impinge on an individual's equilibrium.• An advertisement for a china-clay pit in 1817 stressed that it was only 3 miles from the purpose-built clay port of Charlestown.• He dropped her outside the Prospect of Whitby, stressing that the fare was taken care of.• Equally, he wants to stress that the government should listen to industry and respond to its needs.• In the interview, it is stressed that the informant should direct the discussion because the ethnographer becomes the learner.• Traffic engineers stress that the plan is only one possible option.• However, I wish to stress that the racecourses have nothing to do with this idiotic piece of planning.• It must be stressed that they have acted and reacted in a wide variety of ways.• Eversley has stressed that too much should not be claimed for such a class.From Longman Business Dictionarystressstress /stres/ noun [uncountable] continuous feelings of worry about your work or personal life, that prevent you from relaxinga stress-related illness (=one caused by stress)She’s been under stress at work.a stress management consultant (=someone who helps people deal with stress) —stressful adjectivea stressful jobOrigin stress1 (1300-1400) distressstress1 noun →COLLOCATIONS1stress2 verb →n COLLOCATIONS1LDOCE OnlineChinese
or Corpus personal continuous worry feelings life, of work Business about your
stress
stress1 S3 W3 AC /stres/ 
noun
Your headaches are due to stress.
Janet’s been under a lot of stress since her mother’s illness.
all the stresses of public life
A lot of illnesses are stress-related.
2. FORCE [uncountable and countable] the physical force or pressure on an object:
Shoes with high heels put a great deal of stress on knees and ankles.
3. IMPORTANCE [uncountable] the special attention or importance given to a particular idea, fact, or activity
SYN emphasis
put/lay stress on something
Pugh laid particular stress on the need for discipline.
4. WORD/MUSIC [uncountable and countable] the degree of force or loudness with which a part of a word is pronounced or a note in music is played, which makes it sound stronger than other parts or notes
■ verbs
▪suffer from stress If you are suffering from stress, you may be more likely to become ill.
▪cause stress Moving house often causes stress.
▪cope with/deal with stress People find different ways of dealing with stress.
▪reduce/relieve stress Don’t resort to alcohol to relieve your stress.
■ adjectives
▪great/considerable/enormous Staff experienced considerable stress as a result of the changes.
▪mental/emotional stress It was a time of great emotional stress for me.
■ phrases
▪be under stress She's been under a lot of stress lately.
▪a cause of stress Balancing work and family is the main cause of stress for many people.
▪signs/symptoms/effects of stress Headaches, migraines, and irritability are all signs of stress. | The effects of stress are subtle and sometimes difficult to see.
▪sb’s stress level (also sb’s level of stress ) Exercise reduces stress levels.
▪stresses and strains (=a lot of different worries that are caused by something) the stresses and strains of everyday life
▪stress management Some patients may benefit from being taught stress management skills.
■ the feeling of being worried
▪worry the feeling of not being happy or relaxed and thinking a lot about a problem or something that is wrong: She was sick with worry over her daughter. | the look of worry on his face
▪anxiety the feeling of being worried because you think that something bad has happened or will happen, and you feel that you have no control over the situation: The thought of having to give a speech filled me with anxiety. | The increase in heating costs is causing a lot of anxiety among elderly people.
▪concern a worried feeling – use this especially when many people are worried about a problem that affects everyone: The shortage of water is beginning to cause widespread concern.
▪stress the feeling of being worried all the time, for example about work or personal problems, which can make you ill or very tired: Her financial problems were causing her a lot of stress.
▪anguish a feeling of extreme mental suffering caused by worry: How could her parents survive the anguish of not knowing what had happened to her? | When she spoke, her voice was full of anguish.
▪angst a strong feeling of worry and anxiety because you are worried about your life, your future, or what you should do in a particular situation: The letter was full of teenage angst - would she ever be able to find another boyfriend? | There was much angst about the decision.
stress2 S3 W3 AC verb [transitive]1. to emphasize a statement, fact, or idea
stress that
The report stressed that student math skills need to improve.
Crawford stressed the need for more housing downtown.
She stressed the importance of a balanced diet.
2. to pronounce a word or part of a word so that it sounds louder or more forceful:
The word ‘machine’ is stressed on the second syllable.
■ nouns
▪stress the importance of something He has always stressed the importance of a stable family.
▪stress the need for something She stressed the need for more effective policing.
▪stress a point This point needs to be stressed.
▪stress a fact Medicines usually stress the fact that you must not exceed the stated dose.
▪stress the role of somebody/something In her speech, she stressed the role of parents in preventing youth crime.
▪stress your commitment to (doing) something The President stressed his commitment to tackling world poverty.
▪ emphasize to say strongly or show clearly that a fact, idea etc is especially important: Our company emphasizes the need for good communication between staff.
▪stress to emphasize something when you are talking about a subject: Most schools stress the importance of parental involvement in their child’s learning. | He stressed the need for parents to listen to their children.
▪highlight to show that something is important, so that people will pay special attention to it: This case highlights the need for tougher laws on gun ownership. | The report highlights the decline in the numbers of native plants and insects.
▪underline/underscore to help to show clearly that a fact is true, especially a fact that is already known: These attacks underline the fact that the security situation here remains fragile. | The president’s speech repeatedly underscored the progress that has been made.
▪accentuate to show something clearly and make it easier to notice: The recent economic crisis has accentuated the gap between the rich and the poor.
▪overemphasize to emphasize something too much: The relation between food and health is often overemphasized in my view.
▪play up to emphasize something and make it seem more important than it really is, especially to get advantages for yourself: The story has been played up by the media. | The Labour party had a great time playing up the Conservatives’ problems.
stress somebody out phrasal verb informal
to make someone so worried or nervous that they cannot relax:
Studying for exams always stresses me out.
| I |
noun Date: 1300-1400
Origin: distress
1. WORRY [uncountable and countable] continuous feelings of worry about your work or personal life, that prevent you from relaxing ⇨ strain:Origin: distress
2. FORCE [uncountable and countable] the physical force or pressure on an object:
3. IMPORTANCE [uncountable] the special attention or importance given to a particular idea, fact, or activity
SYN emphasis
put/lay stress on something
4. WORD/MUSIC [uncountable and countable] the degree of force or loudness with which a part of a word is pronounced or a note in music is played, which makes it sound stronger than other parts or notes
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verb [transitive]1. to emphasize a statement, fact, or ideastress that
2. to pronounce a word or part of a word so that it sounds louder or more forceful:
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stress somebody out phrasal verb informal
to make someone so worried or nervous that they cannot relax:
pressure difficulties and feelings of anxiety that are caused by the need to achieve sth or to behave in a particular way 指为达到某一目标或有某种行为表现而产生的心理压力、紧张 ：◆ She was unable to attend because of the pressures of work. 由于工作紧张，她不能出席。 stress pressure or anxiety caused by the problems in sb's life 指因生活问题引起的精神压力、心理负担、紧张 ：◆ stress-related illnesses 与精神压力有关的疾病
pressure or stress? 用 pressure 还是 stress？
tension a feeling of anxiety and stress that makes it impossible to relax 指情绪上的紧张、烦躁 ：◆ nervous tension 神经紧张 strain pressure on sb/sth because they have too much to do or manage; the problems, worry or anxiety that this produces 指压力、重负、重压之下出现的问题、担忧 ：◆ I found it a strain looking after four children. 我觉得照料四个孩子挺累的。
Patterns
to be under pressure/stress/strainconsiderable pressure/stress/tension/strainto cause stress/tension/strainto cope with the pressure/stress/tension/strainto relieve/release the pressure/stress/tension/strainto be suffering from stress/tension
Weight 体重
put on/gain/lose weight/a few kilos/a few pounds增加／减少体重／几公斤／几磅 watch/control/struggle with your weight关注／控制体重；努力减肥 be/become seriously overweight/underweight已经／变得严重超重／体重不足 be/become clinically/morbidly obese已经是／变成临床／病态肥胖 achieve/facilitate/promote/stimulate weight loss达到减轻体重的目的；促进减肥 slim down to 70 kilos/( 11 stone/BrE ( 160 poundsespecially
NAmE 减肥到 70 公斤／11 英石／160 磅 combat/prevent/tackle/treat obesity遏制／防止／解决／治疗肥胖 develop/have/suffer from/struggle with/recover from anorexia/bulimia/an eating disorder患上／对抗／治愈厌食症／贪食症／饮食失调症 be on/go on/follow a crash/strict diet采用快速减肥食谱；严格节食 have/suffer from a negative/poor body image有不好的身体形象 have/develop a positive/healthy body image具有／达到好的／健康的身体形象
Healthy eating 健康的饮食
eat a balanced diet/healthily/sensibly吃得均衡／健康／合理 get/provide/receive adequate/proper nutrition获得／提供／得到充足的／合适的营养 contain/get/provide essential nutrients/vitamins/minerals含有／得到／提供必需的营养素／维生素／矿物质 be high/low in calories/fat/fibre/( fiber/protein/vitamin D/Omega-3 fatty acidsespecially
热量／脂肪／纤维素／蛋白质／维生素 D／欧米加 3 脂肪酸含量高／低 contain (no)/use/be full of/be free from additives/chemical preservatives/artificial sweeteners（不）含／使用／含有大量／不含添加剂／化学防腐剂／人工甜味剂 avoid/cut down on/cut out alcohol/caffeine/fatty foods避免摄取／减少／戒酒／咖啡因／高脂食物 stop/give up/ ( especially
NAmE quit smoking戒烟
Exercise 锻炼
( BrE take regular exercise经常锻炼 do moderate/strenuous/vigorous exercise做适度／剧烈运动 play football/hockey/tennis玩足球／曲棍球／网球 go cycling/jogging/running骑自行车；慢跑；跑步 go to/visit/ ( especially
NAmE hit/work out at the gym去健身房锻炼 strengthen/tone/train your stomach muscles增强／锻炼腹肌 contract/relax/stretch/use/work your lower-body muscles收缩／放松／伸展／使用／锻炼下肢的肌肉 build (up)/gain muscle增强肌肉 improve/increase your stamina/energy levels/physical fitness增强耐力／体能／体质 burn/consume/expend calories消耗热量
Staying healthy 保持健康
be/get/keep/stay healthy/in shape/( fitespecially
BrE 身体健康；变得／保持健康 lower your cholesterol/blood pressure降低胆固醇／血压 boost/stimulate/strengthen your immune system增强免疫力 prevent/reduce the risk of heart disease/high blood pressure/diabetes/osteoporosis预防／减少患心脏病／高血压／糖尿病／骨质疏松的风险 reduce/relieve/manage/combat stress缓解／控制压力 enhance/promote relaxation/physical and mental well-being有助于身体放松／身心健康
emphasize
stress to give extra force to a word or syllable when saying it 指重读、用重音读（单词或音节） ：◆ You stress the first syllable in 'happiness'. * happiness 一词重读第一个音节。 emphasize to give extra force to a word or phrase when saying it, especially to show that it is important 指重读、强调（词或短语）、加强语气 ：◆ 'Let nothing … nothing,' he emphasized the word, 'tempt you.' 他强调说：“要抵制一切…一切的诱惑。”