that
Longman Dictionary of Contemporary English 5++LDOCE 5++that1 /ðæt/ ●●● S1 W1 determiner, pronoun 1 (plural those /ðəʊz $ ðoʊz/)XX used to refer to a person, thing, idea etc that has already been mentioned or is already known about 那，那个〔指已经提到或已经知道的人、事物、想法等〕 ‘You never cared about me.’ ‘That’s not true.’ “你从不关心我。”“那不是事实。” I wish you wouldn’t say things like that. 我希望你不要那么说。 What did you do with those sandwiches? 那些三明治你怎么处理了？ Victoria Street? That’s where my sister lives. 维多利亚街？我的姐姐就住在那儿。 Do you remember that nice Mr Hoskins who came to dinner? 你还记得那位来这儿吃过晚饭的好人霍斯金斯先生吗？ I’ve got that pain in my back again. 我的背又疼起来了。 He killed a man once and that’s why he had to leave Ireland. 他曾杀死过一个人，这就是他不得不离开爱尔兰的原因。 ‘We’ve been cheated, ’ she said. Those were her exact words. “我们被骗了。”她说。这是她的原话。 ‘I have to go, ’ she said, and with that (=after saying that) she hung up the phone. “我得走了。”说完她就把电话挂了。2 /ðət/ used after a noun as a relative pronoun like ‘who’, ‘whom’, or ‘which’ to introduce a clause 〔用于名词后，相当于who，whom 或 which 一类的关系代词，以引出从句〕 There are lots of things that I need to buy before the trip. 去旅行之前我需要买很多东西。 the people that live next door 住在隔壁的人 They’ve got a machine that prints names on badges. 他们有一台机器，可以在徽章上印上名字。 the greatest boxer that ever lived 有史以来最伟大的拳击手 Who was it that said ‘The Law’s an Ass’? “法律是狗屁”这句话是谁说的？ The day that my father died, I was on holiday in Greece. 我父亲去世的那天，我正在希腊度假。5 GRAMMAR 语法• That is often left out when it is the object of the verb in the relative clause. 关系从句中，that用作动词宾语时，常省略They have not kept the promises they made (= that they made ).他们没能践行诺言。• That can only be used as a relative pronoun to specify a person or thing, not to add extra information. When adding extra information, use who or which . that用作关系代词时，只特指人或事物，不是补充内容。补充内容用who或whichShe had to look after her husband, who was ill.她得照顾生病的丈夫。n Grammar• In everyday English, that is often omitted when it is the object of the relative clause: 关系从句中，that用作动词宾语时，常省略I like the clothes that she wears.I like the clothes she wears.• You do not omit that when it is the subject of the clause: The family that lives downstairs is Polish. ✗Don’t say: The family lives downstairs is Polish.3 (plural those /ðəʊz $ ðoʊz/) formalXX used to refer to a particular person or thing of the general type that has just been mentioned 那，那个，那种〔用于指某类人或事物所属的大类〕4 those who people who …的人，那些…的人5 at that ADDused after adding a piece of information which emphasizes and increases what you have just said 此外，而且〔用于强调并增加内容〕6 that is (to say) MEANINGused to give more exact information about something or to correct a statement 亦即，那就是说，换句话说 SPOKEN PHRASESn USAGE: That, who, which• You use that as a relative pronoun when saying which person or thing you are talking about: This is the friend that I told you about.They didn't have the book that I wanted.• That can be omitted: This is the friend I told you about.They didn't have the book I wanted.• You use who or which when adding extra information about the person or thing: She looked after her husband, who was ill. 她得照顾生病的丈夫。I did it myself, which was difficult.• In clauses like this, who or which can not be omitted. ✗Don’t say: She looked after her husband, that was ill. • You use who when talking about a person: There's the man who I saw yesterday. Don't use which about people. ✗Don’t say: She looked after her husband, which was ill.• You can also use that when talking about a person. That is used about both people and things: There's the man that I saw yesterday.• In clauses like this, both that and who can be omitted: There's the man I saw yesterday.
Examples from the Corpus
that• Look at those men in that car. What on earth are they doing?• That last test was a lot easier than this one.• When are you going to give me that money you owe me?• No, I wanted that one over there.• He met Bobby Jones on Monday of that week.• I saw that woman again today.with that• It has very little - nothing - to do with that.• Be careful with that audio recording.• All with that Donahue sense of nice-guys-can-do-this attitude.• Stick with that idea of hearing the lovely sounds of good golf.• There's nothing wrong with that, Miss Honey.• Though an opponent of the more rigid scholastics, Weigel sought a reconciliation of modern philosophy with that of Aristotle.• Most of us live with that possibility because it is part of the human condition to know that disaster can strike.• There is an aesthetic, if we can dignify it with that word, which distinguishes blood sports from each other.that of• His own experience is different from that of his friends.that2 /ðət/ ●●● S1 W1 conjunction 1 INTRODUCEused after verbs, nouns, and adjectives to introduce a clause which shows what someone says or thinks, or states a fact or reason 〔用于动词、名词或形容词后引导一个从句，表示某人所说或所想，或陈述一个事实或理由〕2 used after a phrase with ‘so’ or ‘such’ to introduce a clause that shows the result of something 以至于〔用于与so或such连用的短语之后，引导表示结果的从句〕3 used to introduce a clause that refers to a fact, when describing it 〔用于引导一个从句描述某个事实〕4 formalTO/IN ORDER TO in order that something may happen or someone may do something 使得5 literaryWANT used to express a wish for something to happen or be true, especially when this is not possible 真希望，但愿 → so (that) at so2(2)Examples from the Corpus
that• Oh, that Glenda were alive to see this.• We pray that he may recover soon.• That he talked about it to reporters surprises me.• Joe said that his girlfriend is coming to visit.• I think Vic feels threatened by the fact that I'm smarter than he is.• I can't believe that she told you.that3 /ðæt/ ●●● S1 W2 adverb [+adj/adverb] 1 spokenAMOUNT used to say how big, how much etc, especially when you are showing the size, amount etc with your hands 那么〔大、多等〕〔尤指通过手势比画来表示大小、数量等〕2 [usually in negatives] spoken as much as in the present situation or as much as has been stated 那么，那样3 not (all) that long/many etc spokenVERY used to mean fairly short, only a few etc 没有那么长/那么多等〔表示相当短、仅一点点等〕4 British English spoken informalLOT/VERY MUCH used to emphasize how big, bad, much etc something is 那么〔用于强调程度〕Examples from the Corpus
that• In actual fact the two fish are not that alike.• They won't be in that early.• But most existing transparent magnets - which are usually made of iron borate - are not actually all that magnetic.Origin that1 Old English thætthat1 determiner →5 GRAMMAR1 →n GRAMMAR2
→n USAGE1 →SPOKEN PHRASES1that2 conjunction →5 GRAMMAR1 →n GRAMMAR2that3 adverbLDOCE OnlineChinese
→n USAGE1 →SPOKEN PHRASES1that2 conjunction →5 GRAMMAR1 →n GRAMMAR2that3 adverbLDOCE OnlineChinese
thing, refer to person, Corpus to used a
that
that1 S1 W1 /ðæt/ 
determiner, pronoun
‘You never cared about me.’ ‘That’s not true.’
I wish you wouldn’t say things like that.
What did you do with those sandwiches?
Victoria Street? That’s where my sister lives.
Do you remember that nice Mr Hoskins who came to dinner?
I’ve got that pain in my back again.
He killed a man once and that’s why he had to leave Ireland.
‘We’ve been cheated,’ she said. Those were her exact words.
‘I have to go,’ she said, and with that (=after saying that) she hung up the phone.
2. /ðət/ used after a noun as a relative pronoun like ‘who’, ‘whom’, or ‘which’ to introduce a clause:
There are lots of things that I need to buy before the trip.
the people that live next door
They’ve got a machine that prints names on badges.
the greatest boxer that ever lived
Who was it that said ‘The Law’s an Ass’?
The day that my father died, I was on holiday in Greece.
GRAMMAR
That is often left out when it is the object of the verb in the relative clause:
▪They have not kept the promises they made (= that they made).
► That can only be used as a relative pronoun to specify a person or thing, not to add extra information. When adding extra information, use who or which:
▪She had to look after her husband, who was ill.
3. (plural those /ðəʊz $ ðoʊz/) formal used to refer to a particular person or thing of the general type that has just been mentioned:
In my opinion, the finest wines are those from France.
that of
His own experience was different from that of his friends.
4. those who people who:
There are those who disapprove of all forms of gambling.
Those who saw the performance thought it memorable.
5. at that used after adding a piece of information which emphasizes and increases what you have just said:
You should be able to answer the question in a single sentence, and a short one at that.
6. that is (to say) used to give more exact information about something or to correct a statement:
One solution would be to change the shape of the screen, that is, to make it wider.
Languages are taught by the direct method, that is to say, without using the student’s own language.
I loved him – that is, I thought I did.
SPOKEN PHRASES
7. (plural those) used to refer to a person or thing that is not near you:
Is that my pen you’ve got there?
That’s Eileen’s house across the road.
Look at those men in that car. What on earth are they doing?
Our tomatoes never get as big as that.
8. that’s life/men/politics etc (for you) used to say that something is typical of a particular group of people, situation etc:
I don’t think I was fairly treated, but then that’s life, isn’t it?
We go out for a romantic meal and all he wants to do is talk about football. That’s men for you.
9. that’s it
a. used to say that something is completely finished or that a situation cannot be changed:
That’s it, then. There’s nothing more we can do.
b. used to tell someone that they are doing something correctly:
Slowly ... slowly. Yeah, that’s it.
c. (also that does it) used when you are angry about a situation and you do not want it to continue:
That’s it. I’m leaving.
10. that’s that used to emphasize that a situation or a decision cannot be changed:
I refuse to go and that’s that!
There’s no money left, so that’s that.
11. used when you are not sure who is answering the telephone:
Hello, is that Joan Murphy?
12. and (all) that British English and similar things:
I knew he was interested in computers and all that.
13. that’s a good girl/that’s a clever dog etc used to praise a child or animal
14. that is not an option used when you want to emphasize that something that has just been suggested is not acceptable to you
that2 S1 W1 /ðət/ conjunction
1. used after verbs, nouns, and adjectives to introduce a clause which shows what someone says or thinks, or states a fact or reason:
If she said that she’d come, she’ll come.
I can’t believe that he’s only 17.
Are you sure that they live in Park Lane?
allegations that he is guilty of war crimes
The fact that he is your brother-in-law should not affect your decision.
He might have left the money for the simple reason that he didn’t know it was there.
GRAMMAR
That is sometimes left out after verbs and adjectives, and occasionally after nouns, especially in speech:
▪He said it would be much too dangerous.
▪I’m not surprised you were upset.
2. used after a phrase with ‘so’ or ‘such’ to introduce a clause that shows the result of something:
I was so tired that I fell asleep.
The school was so badly damaged that it had to be pulled down.
We had been away for such a long time that I had forgotten her name.
3. used to introduce a clause that refers to a fact, when describing it:
It’s odd that I haven’t heard of you.
That anyone should want to kill her was unthinkable.
The problem is that no-one knows what will happen.
4. formal in order that something may happen or someone may do something:
Give us strength that we may stand against them.
5. literary used to express a wish for something to happen or be true, especially when this is not possible:
Oh, that she were alive to see this!
⇨ so (that) at so2(2)
that3 S1 W2 /ðæt/ adverb [+ adjective/adverb]
1. spoken used to say how big, how much etc, especially when you are showing the size, amount etc with your hands:
It was quite a large fish – about that long.
He missed hitting the car in front by that much.
2. [usually in negatives] spoken as much as in the present situation or as much as has been stated:
I’m sorry, I hadn’t realized the situation was that bad.
No one expected it to cost that much.
The advanced exam is more difficult, but not many students progress that far.
3. not (all) that long/many etc spoken used to mean fairly short, only a few etc:
Will’s not that tall, considering he’s 16.
The film wasn’t all that good.
4. British English spoken informal used to emphasize how big, bad, much etc something is:
I was that embarrassed I didn’t know what to say.
| I |
determiner, pronoun Language: Old English
Origin: thæt
1. (plural those /ðəʊz $ ðoʊz/) used to refer to a person, thing, idea etc that has already been mentioned or is already known about:Origin: thæt
2. /ðət/ used after a noun as a relative pronoun like ‘who’, ‘whom’, or ‘which’ to introduce a clause:
GRAMMAR
That is often left out when it is the object of the verb in the relative clause:
▪
► That can only be used as a relative pronoun to specify a person or thing, not to add extra information. When adding extra information, use who or which:
▪
3. (plural those /ðəʊz $ ðoʊz/) formal used to refer to a particular person or thing of the general type that has just been mentioned:
that of
4. those who people who:
5. at that used after adding a piece of information which emphasizes and increases what you have just said:
6. that is (to say) used to give more exact information about something or to correct a statement:
SPOKEN PHRASES
7. (plural those) used to refer to a person or thing that is not near you:
8. that’s life/men/politics etc (for you) used to say that something is typical of a particular group of people, situation etc:
9. that’s it
a. used to say that something is completely finished or that a situation cannot be changed:
b. used to tell someone that they are doing something correctly:
c. (also that does it) used when you are angry about a situation and you do not want it to continue:
10. that’s that used to emphasize that a situation or a decision cannot be changed:
11. used when you are not sure who is answering the telephone:
12. and (all) that British English and similar things:
13. that’s a good girl/that’s a clever dog etc used to praise a child or animal
14. that is not an option used when you want to emphasize that something that has just been suggested is not acceptable to you
| II |
conjunction1. used after verbs, nouns, and adjectives to introduce a clause which shows what someone says or thinks, or states a fact or reason:
GRAMMAR
That is sometimes left out after verbs and adjectives, and occasionally after nouns, especially in speech:
▪
▪
2. used after a phrase with ‘so’ or ‘such’ to introduce a clause that shows the result of something:
3. used to introduce a clause that refers to a fact, when describing it:
4. formal in order that something may happen or someone may do something:
5. literary used to express a wish for something to happen or be true, especially when this is not possible:
⇨ so (that) at so2(2)
| III |
adverb [+ adjective/adverb]1. spoken used to say how big, how much etc, especially when you are showing the size, amount etc with your hands:
2. [usually in negatives] spoken as much as in the present situation or as much as has been stated:
3. not (all) that long/many etc spoken used to mean fairly short, only a few etc:
4. British English spoken informal used to emphasize how big, bad, much etc something is:
Explaining what you mean 解释意思
◆ Some poems are mnemonics, i.e. they are designed to help you remember something.有些诗歌是记忆代码，即是说，其目的是帮助人们记起某事。 ◆ Some poems are mnemonics, that is to say , they are designed to help you remember something.有些诗歌是记忆代码，就是说，其目的是帮助人们记起某事。 ◆ Mnemonic poems, that is poems designed to help you remember something, are an excellent way to learn lists.记事诗，即帮助人记起事情的诗歌，是记住一系列事物的极佳方式。 ◆ A limerick's rhyme scheme is A–A–B–B–A. In other words , the first, second, and fifth lines all rhyme with one another, while the third and fourth lines have their own rhyme.五行打油诗的韵律是 A-A-B-B-A。就是说，第一行、第二行和第五行押一个韵，而第三行和第四行押另一个韵。 ◆ In this exercise the reader is encouraged to work out the meaning, or rather the range of meanings, of the poem.这个练习鼓励读者弄清这首诗的意思，更确切地说是弄清其几种含意。 ◆ This is a poem about death, or, more precisely , dying.这是一首关于死亡的诗，更确切地说是关于临终的诗。 ◆ He says his poems deal with 'the big issues', by which he means love, loss, grief and death.他说他的诗涉及一些 “重大问题”，这些问题是指爱、失去、痛苦和死亡。
Explaining what you mean 解释意思
◆ Some poems are mnemonics, i.e. they are designed to help you remember something.有些诗歌是记忆代码，即是说，其目的是帮助人们记起某事。 ◆ Some poems are mnemonics, that is to say , they are designed to help you remember something.有些诗歌是记忆代码，就是说，其目的是帮助人们记起某事。 ◆ Mnemonic poems, that is poems designed to help you remember something, are an excellent way to learn lists.记事诗，即帮助人记起事情的诗歌，是记住一系列事物的极佳方式。 ◆ A limerick's rhyme scheme is A–A–B–B–A. In other words , the first, second, and fifth lines all rhyme with one another, while the third and fourth lines have their own rhyme.五行打油诗的韵律是 A-A-B-B-A。就是说，第一行、第二行和第五行押一个韵，而第三行和第四行押另一个韵。 ◆ In this exercise the reader is encouraged to work out the meaning, or rather the range of meanings, of the poem.这个练习鼓励读者弄清这首诗的意思，更确切地说是弄清其几种含意。 ◆ This is a poem about death, or, more precisely , dying.这是一首关于死亡的诗，更确切地说是关于临终的诗。 ◆ He says his poems deal with 'the big issues', by which he means love, loss, grief and death.他说他的诗涉及一些 “重大问题”，这些问题是指爱、失去、痛苦和死亡。