treaty
Longman Dictionary of Contemporary English 5++LDOCE 5++treat·y /ˈtriːti/ ●●○ W3 noun (plural treaties) [countable]PGAGREE a formal written agreement between two or more countries or governments 〔国家或政府间的〕条约 Both sides have agreed to sign the treaty. 双方都同意签署该条约。 The peace treaty ends nearly four years of violence. 该和平条约结束了将近四年的暴力。treaty on a treaty on political union 政治联合条约n COLLOCATIONSverbssign a treatyIndia refused to sign the treaty.conclude a treaty formal (=successfully finish arranging it)In 1875 Japan and Russia concluded a treaty.negotiate a treaty (=discuss the conditions of a treaty with other people in order to reach an agreement)He was instructed to negotiate a treaty with Siam.ratify a treaty (=make it official by signing it or accepting it)The Government cannot ratify the treaty without Parliament’s consent.ADJECTIVES/NOUN + treatya peace treatyJordan signed a peace treaty with Israel.a draft treaty (=one that has been written but not yet signed)The committee produced a draft treaty on arms limitation.an extradition treaty (=one which says that people can be brought back to a country for trial)The United States has had an extradition treaty with Mexico since 1978.an international treatyThe US refused to sign any international treaty on cutting carbon emissions.a bilateral treaty (=one signed by two countries)Uzbekistan and Russia signed a bilateral treaty of friendship.the Versailles/Maastricht etc treaty (=a treaty signed in a particular city)Britain’s ratification of the Maastricht treaty looked set for further delay.phrasesthe terms/provisions of a treatyUnder the terms of the treaty, the two sides agreed to a ceasefire.the treaty of Versailles/Rome etc (=a treaty signed in a particular city)Restrictive trading agreements are prohibited by the Treaty of Rome.
Examples from the Corpus
treaty• Some countries are still refusing to sign a treaty banning chemical weapons.• The Soviet Union and the U.S. signed a treaty reducing long-range missiles.• Pages 37831-35 include extracts from the key treaties on unification.• After months of negotiations, he eventually persuaded them to sign a peace treaty.• This justifies any discrepancy with the rigid treaty rule in favour of extending the rights and obligations under the treaties.• Important as that fact was, it had little effect on Chinauntil later, when one-sided treaties began to be imposed.• One analysis is that a party to the Protocol has agreed to accept some treaty obligations.• There are no provisions in the treaty that would exclude them from taking part in it.• Mr Hurd said the amendment would have no effect and that the Government would ratify the treaty anyway.• Few of the people we asked either understood the treaty or favoured a ballot.• The treaties covered bilateral protection and promotion of investments, penal cooperation, cultural exchanges and customs cooperation, officials said.• The Treaty of Versailles ended the First World War.From Longman Business Dictionarytreatytreat‧y /ˈtriːti/ noun (plural treaties) [countable]1a formal agreement between two countries or governmentsThe US-Taiwantrade treaty is still valid, despite the ending of diplomatic ties.2LAW a formal agreement between two people or companiesSYN CONTRACT → private treatyOrigin treaty (1300-1400) Old French traité, from Latin tractatus; → TRACTtreat·y noun →n COLLOCATIONS1LDOCE OnlineChineseSyllable
written Business between Corpus agreement two countries a more or formal or
treaty
treat‧y W2 /ˈtriːti/
noun (plural treaties) [countable] a formal written agreement between two or more countries or governments:
Both sides have agreed to sign the treaty.
The peace treaty ends nearly four years of violence.
treaty on
a treaty on political union
■ verbs
▪sign a treaty India refused to sign the treaty.
▪conclude a treaty formal (=successfully finish arranging it) In 1875 Japan and Russia concluded a treaty.
▪negotiate a treaty (=discuss the conditions of a treaty with other people in order to reach an agreement) He was instructed to negotiate a treaty with Siam.
▪ratify a treaty (=make it official by signing it or accepting it) The Government cannot ratify the treaty without Parliament’s consent.
■ ADJECTIVES/NOUN + treaty
▪a peace treaty Jordan signed a peace treaty with Israel.
▪a draft treaty (=one that has been written but not yet signed) The committee produced a draft treaty on arms limitation.
▪an extradition treaty (=one which says that people can be brought back to a country for trial) The United States has had an extradition treaty with Mexico since 1978.
▪an international treaty The US refused to sign any international treaty on cutting carbon emissions.
▪a bilateral treaty (=one signed by two countries) Uzbekistan and Russia signed a bilateral treaty of friendship.
▪the Versailles/Maastricht etc treaty (=a treaty signed in a particular city) Britain’s ratification of the Maastricht treaty looked set for further delay.
■ phrases
▪the terms/provisions of a treaty Under the terms of the treaty, the two sides agreed to a ceasefire.
▪the treaty of Versailles/Rome etc (=a treaty signed in a particular city) Restrictive trading agreements are prohibited by the Treaty of Rome.
treat‧y W2 /ˈtriːti/
noun (plural treaties) [countable] a formal written agreement between two or more countries or governments: treaty on
| COLLOCATIONS |
▪
▪
▪
▪
■ ADJECTIVES/NOUN + treaty
▪
▪
▪
▪
▪
▪
■ phrases
▪
▪
Starting a war 开战
declare/make/wage war (on sb/sth)（向…）宣战／挑起战争／发动战争 go to war (against/with sb)（向…）开战 cause/spark/provoke/foment/quell unrest引起／平息骚乱 incite/lead/crush/suppress a revolt/rebellion煽动／领导／镇压起义／叛乱 launch/mount/carry out a surprise/terrorist attack发起／实施突然／恐怖袭击 prevent/halt/represent an escalation of the conflict防止／阻止／表明冲突升级 be torn apart by/be on the brink of civil war被内战搞得四分五裂；濒于内战 enter/invade/occupy sb's territory进入／侵略／占领某人的领土 lead/launch/resist/repel an invasion领导／发起／抵制／击退武装入侵
Military operations 军事行动
adopt/develop/implement/pursue a military strategy采用／发展／实施／执行军事战略 carry out/execute/perform military operations/manoeuvres/( maneuversespecially
执行军事行动／军事演习 send/deploy/station/pull back/withdraw troops派遣／部署／派驻／撤回部队 go on/fly/carry out a reconnaissance/rescue mission进行／驾机执行／执行侦察／营救任务 train/equip/deploy army/military/combat units训练／装备／部署陆军／军事／作战分队 lead/launch/conduct a raid/a surprise attack/an (air/airborne/amphibious) assault (on sb)领导／发起／实施（对某人的）突然袭击／（空中／空投部队／登陆）攻击 employ/use guerrilla tactics采用游击战术 conduct/wage biological/guerrilla warfare进行／发动生物战／游击战 fight/crush/defeat the rebels/the insurgency设法战胜／镇压／挫败叛乱者／叛乱 suffer/inflict a crushing defeat遭受惨败；大获全胜 achieve/win a decisive victory赢得决定性的胜利 halt/stop the British/German/Russian advance阻止英国／德国／俄罗斯的前进 order/force a retreat命令／强迫撤退
Fighting 作战
join/serve in the army/navy/air force加入陆军／海军／空军；在陆军／海军／空军部队服役 be/go/remain/serve on active duty在服现役 serve/complete/return from a tour of duty在服役；服役完毕；服役归来 be sent to the front (line)被派往前线 attack/strike/engage/defeat/kill/destroy the enemy袭击／攻击敌人；与敌人交战；击败／杀死／消灭敌人 see/report/be engaged in heavy fighting目睹／报道／参与激战 call for/be met with armed resistance要求／遭遇武装抵抗 come under heavy/machine-gun/mortar fire冒着激烈的／机关枪的／迫击炮的射击 fire a machine-gun/mortar shells/rockets (at sb/sth)（对…）发射机关枪／迫击炮弹／火箭弹 shoot a rifle/a pistol/bullets/missiles步枪／手枪射击；发射子弹／导弹 launch/fire a cruise/ballistic/anti-tank missile发射巡航／弹道／反坦克导弹 use biological/chemical/nuclear weapons使用生物／化学／核武器 inflict/suffer/sustain heavy losses/casualties遭受惨重损失／伤亡 be hit/killed by enemy/friendly/artillery fire被敌军／友军／炮火击中／射死 become/be held as a prisoner of war成为战俘；作为战俘被监禁
Civilians in war 战争中的平民
harm/kill/target/protect innocent/unarmed civilians伤害／杀死／瞄准／保护无辜的／手无寸铁的平民 cause/avoid/limit/minimize civilian casualties/collateral damage导致／避免／限制／最大限度减少平民伤亡／附带性破坏 impose/enforce/lift a curfew强制实行／解除宵禁 engage in/be a victim of ethnic cleansing参与种族清洗；成为种族清洗的受害者 be sent to an internment/a concentration camp被送到俘虏拘留营／集中营 accept/house/resettle refugees fleeing from war接受／收容／安置战争难民 fear/threaten military/violent reprisals害怕／扬言要军事／暴力报复 commit/be accused of war crimes/crimes against humanity/genocide犯／被指控犯战争罪／反人类罪／种族灭绝罪
Making peace 和解
make/bring/win/achieve/maintain/promote peace促使／带来／赢得／实现／保持／促进和平 call for/negotiate/broker/declare a ceasefire/a temporary truce要求／商谈／协商／宣布停战／暂时休战 sign a ceasefire agreement签署停战协议 call for/bring/put an end to hostilities要求发动／引发／结束战争 demand/negotiate/accept the surrender of sb/sth强烈要求／商讨／接受…投降 establish/send (in) a peacekeeping force建立／派遣维和部队 negotiate/conclude/ratify/sign/accept/reject/break/violate a peace treaty商讨／达成／正式批准／签署／接受／拒绝／破坏／违反和平协定