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    unemployment

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    unemployment

    Word family 
    Longman Dictionary of Contemporary English 5++朗文当代英语 5++LDOCE 5++朗文 5++
    Related topics: Employment, Welfare
    un·em·ploy·ment /ˌʌnɪmˈplɔɪmənt/ ●●● S2 W2 noun [uncountable]  1  BEthe number of people in a particular country or area who cannot get a job 失业人数 a town where there is high unemployment 高失业率城镇2  BEwhen someone does not have a job 失业 Closure of the plant means 80 workers are facing unemployment. 这家工厂的关闭意味着 80 个工人面临失业。3  American EnglishBEPEW money paid regularly by the government to people who have no job 失业救济金on unemployment He’s been on unemployment for two months. 他已经领了两个月的失业救济金。 COLLOCATIONSadjectiveshigh 高的They live in an area where unemployment is high. 他们居住在高失业率地区。low 低的The area has the lowest unemployment in Europe. 该地区失业率全欧洲最低。rising/falling unemployment 上升/下降的失业率Rising unemployment led to more crime. 失业率上升导致犯罪活动增多。mass unemployment (=when very large numbers of people are unemployed) 大规模失业the mass unemployment of the 1930s 20世纪 30 年代的大规模失业long-term unemployment (=when people are unemployed for a long period of time) 长期失业nIt can be difficult to help people out of long-term unemployment.nlarge-scale unemployment (=when a lot of people are unemployed)Large-scale unemployment among young people could have terrible social consequences.nmassive unemploymentThese measures could result in massive unemployment in the construction industry.serious/severe unemployment 严重失业nAfter the pit closed, the town experienced severe unemployment.widespread unemployment (=in many places) 普遍失业nThe collapse of the currency led to widespread unemployment. nyouth/male/female unemployment (=the number of young people/men/women unemployed)Youth unemployment there has reached 50 percent.verbsreduce/cut/bring down unemployment 降低失业率The government is spending more on projects to cut unemployment. 政府对降低失业率的项目增加投入。cause unemployment 造成失业People blamed immigrants for causing unemployment. 人们指责移民造成了失业。ncombat/fight unemploymentThe government’s first priority is to combat unemployment.unemployment increases/rises 失业率增加/上升nDuring their term in office unemployment increased by 50 percent.unemployment soars (=increases quickly to a high level) 失业率飙升nThe economic crisis has seen unemployment soar.phrasesa rise/increase in unemployment 失业率的上升/增加The crisis meant a sharp rise in unemployment. 危机意味着失业率陡增。a fall/reduction in unemployment 失业率下降/减少nWe are hoping to see a fall in unemployment.unemployment + NOUNthe unemployment rate 失业率The unemployment rate was 17 percent. 失业率为17%。the unemployment level 失业水平The unemployment level among young people is rising. 年轻人的失业水平正在上升。unemployment figures/statistics 失业数据/统计资料nThey publish monthly unemployment figures for the UK.an unemployment blackspot British English (=an area where there is higher unemployment than in other places) 高失业率地区nThe town became an unemployment blackspot after the factory closure.COMMON ERRORS ► Don’t say ‘big unemployment’. Say high unemployment. 不要说 ‘big unemployment’。 而要说 high unemployment。
    Examples from the Corpus
    unemployment• Admittedly, unemployment insurance is not the key perpetrator of unemployment.• Second, equations will be estimated for unemployment flows 1967 - 1985 for the whole economy.• High unemployment, non-payment of state wages and pensions and official cronyism and corruption will all be election issues.• Five years ago, for example, it was assumed that if unemployment fell below 6 percent, inflation would rise.• Closure of the plant will mean unemployment for 500 workers.• National unemployment is only 6%.• An employee who was given that choice and chooses resignation can still receive unemployment compensation or file a lawsuit against the boss.• The second problem is the prejudice which redundancy and long-term unemployment may create in the mind of the interviewer.• As for the unemployment issue, I have never, never, uttered one word about this sensitive and intensely sad situation.• The following review is selective and concentrates on the way unemployment benefit impacts on women.on unemployment• He's been on unemployment for three months.    From Longman Business Dictionaryunemploymentun‧em‧ploy‧ment /ˌʌnɪmˈplɔɪmənt/ noun [uncountable]1when you do not have a jobClosure of the plant will mean unemployment for 500 workers.Most of our staff now face unemployment.2ECONOMICS the number of people in a country who do not have a jobUnemployment rose by 32,000 in May.The region suffers from high unemployment (=many people do not have a job).the unemployment figures → disguised unemployment → frictional unemployment → hard-core unemployment → hidden unemployment → involuntary unemployment → long-term unemployment → search unemployment → seasonal unemployment → structural unemployment → voluntary unemployment3American English informal money paid regularly by the government to people who have no jobI’ve never claimed unemployment. → see also NAIRU
    un·em·ploy·ment noun →COLLOCATIONS1LDOCE OnlineChineseSyllable
    the a Corpus number country of people in Business particular or


    unemployment
    un‧em‧ploy‧ment S2 W2 /ˌʌnɪmˈplɔɪmənt/ noun [uncountable]
     Word Family: noun: employee, employer, employment ≠ unemployment, unemployed, employ; adjective: employed ≠ unemployed, employable ≠ unemployable; verb: employ
    1. the number of people in a particular country or area who cannot get a job:
        a town where there is high unemployment
    2. when someone does not have a job:
        Closure of the plant means 80 workers are facing unemployment.
    3. American English money paid regularly by the government to people who have no job
        on unemployment
        He’s been on unemployment for two months.
         
    COLLOCATIONS
    ■ adjectives
       ▪ high They live in an area where unemployment is high.
       ▪ low The area has the lowest unemployment in Europe.
       ▪ rising/falling unemployment Rising unemployment led to more crime.
       ▪ mass unemployment (=when very large numbers of people are unemployed) the mass unemployment of the 1930s
       ▪ long-term unemployment (=when people are unemployed for a long period of time) It can be difficult to help people out of long-term unemployment.
       ▪ large-scale unemployment (=when a lot of people are unemployed) Large-scale unemployment among young people could have terrible social consequences.
       ▪ massive unemployment These measures could result in massive unemployment in the construction industry.
       ▪ serious/severe unemployment After the pit closed, the town experienced severe unemployment.
       ▪ widespread unemployment (=in many places) The collapse of the currency led to widespread unemployment.
       ▪ youth/male/female unemployment (=the number of young people/men/women unemployed) Youth unemployment there has reached 50 percent.
    ■ verbs
       ▪ reduce/cut/bring down unemployment The government is spending more on projects to cut unemployment.
       ▪ cause unemployment People blamed immigrants for causing unemployment.
       ▪ combat/fight unemployment The government's first priority is to combat unemployment.
       ▪ unemployment increases/rises During their term in office unemployment increased by 50 percent.
       ▪ unemployment soars (=increases quickly to a high level) The economic crisis has seen unemployment soar.
    ■ phrases
       ▪ a rise/increase in unemployment The crisis meant a sharp rise in unemployment.
       ▪ a fall/reduction in unemployment We are hoping to see a fall in unemployment.
    ■ unemployment + NOUN
       ▪ the unemployment rate The unemployment rate was 17 percent.
       ▪ the level of unemployment The level of unemployment among young people is rising.
       ▪ unemployment figures/statistics They publish monthly unemployment figures for the UK.
       ▪ an unemployment blackspot British English (=an area where there is higher unemployment than in other places) The town became an unemployment blackspot after the factory closure.
    ■ COMMON ERRORS
        ► Do not say 'big unemployment'. Say high unemployment.


    🔑 un·employ·mentBrE /ˌʌnɪmˈplɔɪmənt/ 🔊NAmE /ˌʌnɪmˈplɔɪmənt/ 🔊 noun [uncountable] 🔑 the fact of a number of people not having a job; the number of people without a job 失业；失业人数◆an area of high/low unemployment 失业率高／低的地区◆rising/falling unemployment 上升的／下降的失业率◆It was a time of mass unemployment. 当时有大批人失业。🔊🔊◆measures to help reduce/tackle unemployment 旨在减少失业／缓解失业情况的措施◆the level/rate of unemployment 失业人数；失业率◆unemployment benefit/statistics 失业补贴／统计资料<titled tranID="35" status="2">The economy<chnsep> </chnsep><chn>经济</chn></titled>

    Managing the economy 管理经济

    • handle/run/manage the economy 管理经济
    • boost investment/spending/employment/growth 促进投资／支出／就业／增长速度
    • stimulate demand/the economy/industry 刺激需求／经济／工业
    • cut/reduce investment/spending/borrowing 削减投资／支出／借贷
    • reduce/curb/control/keep down inflation 减少／遏制通货膨胀
    • create/fuel growth/demand/a boom/a bubble 创造／刺激增长／需求／繁荣／泡沫
    • encourage/foster/promote/stimulate/stifle innovation/competition 鼓励／促进／刺激／抑制创新／竞争
    • encourage/work with/compete with the private sector 鼓励私营部门；与私营部门合作／竞争
    • increase/boost/promote US/agricultural exports 增加／促进美国／农业出口
    • ban/restrict/block cheap/foreign imports 禁止／限制／阻止廉价／国外进口产品
    • the economy grows/expands/shrinks/contracts/slows (down)/recovers/improves/is booming 经济增长／扩张／收缩／萎缩／放缓／复苏／改善／繁荣
    • enjoy an economic/housing/property boom 享受经济／住房／房地产的繁荣期

    Economic problems 经济问题

    • push up/drive up prices/costs/inflation 抬高价格／成本；加剧通货膨胀
    • damage/hurt/destroy industry/the economy 破坏工业／经济
    • cause/lead to/go into/avoid/escape recession 引起／导致／进入／避开经济衰退
    • experience/suffer a recession/downturn 经历／遭受经济衰退
    • fight/combat inflation/deflation/unemployment 抵抗通货膨胀／通货紧缩／失业
    • cause/create inflation/poverty/unemployment 导致／造成通货膨胀／贫穷／失业
    • create/burst a housing/stock market bubble 造成／引爆住房／股票市场泡沫
    • cause/trigger a stock market crash/the collapse of the banking system 引起股市崩盘／银行系统崩溃
    • face/be plunged into a financial/an economic crisis 面临／陷入财政／经济危机
    • be caught in/experience cycles of boom and bust 陷入／经历周期性繁荣与萧条

    Public finance 公共财政

    • cut/reduce/slash/increase/double the defence/(especially US) defense/education/aid budget 削减／大幅削减／增加／加倍国防／教育／援助预算
    • increase/boost/slash/cut public spending 增加／大幅削减／削减公共支出
    • increase/put up/raise/cut/lower/reduce taxes 提高／降低税收
    • raise/cut/lower/reduce interest rates 提高／降低利率
    • ease/loosen/tighten monetary policy 放宽／收紧货币政策
    • balance the (state/federal) budget 平衡（州／联邦）预算
    • achieve/maintain a balanced budget 达到／保持预算平衡
    • run a ($4 trillion) budget deficit/surplus 有（4 万亿美元的）预算赤字／盈余
     ➡ collocations at politics, vote    🔑 the state of not having a job 无业；没有工作◆Thousands of young people are facing long-term unemployment. 成千上万的青年正面临长期待业状况。🔊🔊  ➡  compare employment (US) = unemployment benefit ◆Since losing his job, Mike has been collecting unemployment. 自从丢了工作之后，迈克一直在领取失业救济金。🔊🔊<titled tranID="21" status="2">Unemployment<chnsep> </chnsep><chn>失业</chn></titled>

    Losing your job 失业

    • lose your job 失业
    • (BrE) become/be made redundant 被裁减
    • be offered/take voluntary redundancy/early retirement 被要求／选择自愿裁退／提前退休
    • face/be threatened with dismissal/(BrE) the sack/(BrE) compulsory redundancy 面临被解职／被裁／强制裁员；受到解职／被裁／强制裁员的威胁
    • dismiss/fire/ (especially BrE) sack an employee/a worker/a manager 解雇雇员／工人／经理
    • lay off staff/workers/employees 解雇员工／工人／雇员
    • (AustralE, NZE, SAfrE) retrench workers 缩减人员
    • cut/reduce/downsize/slash the workforce 裁减员工
    • (BrE) make staff/workers/employees redundant 裁员

    Being unemployed 失业；待业；下岗

    • be unemployed/out of work/out of a job 失业
    • seek/look for work/employment 找工作
    • be on/collect/draw/get/receive (both BrE) unemployment benefit/Jobseeker's Allowance 领取失业补助金
    • be/go/live/sign (BrE, informal) on the dole 领取失业救济金
    • claim/draw/get (BrE, informal) the dole 领取失业救济金
    • be on/qualify for (NAmE) unemployment (compensation) 领取／有资格领取失业补偿金
    • be/go/live/depend (NAmE) on welfare 靠社会保障金过活
    • collect/receive (NAmE) welfare 领取社会保障金
    • combat/tackle/cut/reduce unemployment 防止／解决／减少失业

    beg, benefit, charity, homeless, hostel, the poor, poverty, shanty town, sweatshop, unemployment