vertical

Longman Dictionary of Contemporary English 5++朗文当代英语 5++LDOCE 5++朗文 5++

ver·ti·cal1 /ˈvɜːtɪkəl $ ˈvɜːr-/ adjective 1 VERTICALpointing up in a line that forms an angle of 90° with a flat surface 垂直的；直立的 OPP horizontal → diagonal a vertical line 垂直线 the vertical axis of a graph 图的纵轴 vertical window blinds 垂直百叶窗vertical cliff/climb/drop etc (=one that is very high or steep) 垂直的悬崖/攀爬/坠落等 a gorge lined with vertical cliffs 峭壁林立的峡谷2 BBSSOhaving a structure in which there are top, middle, and bottom levels 纵向的，纵向结构的 → hierarchical Formal communication channels are usually vertical. 正式的沟通渠道一般都是纵向的。 —vertically /-kli/ adverb

Examples from the Corpus

vertical• In some places the cliff was almost vertical, and much too dangerous to climb.• The nystagmus may have a vertical component.• a terrifying vertical drop of 3,500 feet• a fairground ride that ends with a vertical drop of a hundred feet• Print the following vertical four-part sections in the same way.• The concern of this chapter, however, is with vertical inequalities - between social classes, ethnic groups and the sexes.• vertical integration of the industry• The vertical line on the graph represents the time taken, and the horizontal line represents the distance travelled.• a vertical management arrangement• The wallpaper has vertical pink and white stripes.• The rear gunner was killed by that burst, as his gun swung up to a vertical position as he slumped down.• The result was the Yosemite that tourists see today, jammed with awe-inspiring plutons with rounded tops and steep, vertical sides.• vertical stripes• Any plate tectonics model of the Andes must in fact account for the uplift essentially in terms of vertical tectonics.vertical cliff/climb/drop etc• At the bottom of the Grand Canyon the oldest rocks of all are exposed in a gorge lined with vertical cliffs.• Behind there are vertical cliffs, a dynamic backdrop dwarfing the harbour to insignificance.• Start from a vertical climb directly downwind.• No vertical cliff guards this approach, although about 50 million basalt boulders do.• It can not climb back from a vertical drop since it lacks the body diameter of the rabbit.vertical2 noun the vertical VERTICALthe direction of something that is vertical 垂直方向 The tower now leans about 15 degrees from the vertical. 这座塔倾斜了约15度。

Examples from the Corpus

vertical• Erect verticals upon the odd numbers, 1,3, 5,7, etc.• But over the 2,360-foot vertical, they add up to 39 miles of skiing, or 480 acres.• The same misinterpretation of the gravity vertical is possible in a co-ordinated turn.• Air photographs, particularly verticals, are likely to show village earthworks which can then be checked on the ground.From Longman Business Dictionaryverticalver‧ti‧cal /ˈvɜːtɪkəlˈvɜːr-/ adjective1HUMAN RESOURCES a vertical organization, system etc is one in which decisions and rules are passed on to employees through several different levels of managementOur team has abandoned thevertical structure because it didn’t let people interact.Our goal is to improve vertical communications.2vertical restraint/price-fixingFINANCE methods used by manufacturers to control the price at which their products are sold by other companiesRetail price maintenance is a simple example of a vertical restraint.a crackdown on vertical price-fixing → compare flat1Origin vertical1 (1500-1600) Late Latin verticalis, from Latin vertex; → VERTEX